NSI Rocks !

Linux: presentation

A bit of history

Linux is an operating system that emerged in 1991, created by Linus Torvalds, a Finnish computer science student. It is inspired by the UNIX system, developed in the 1970s, which was designed to be portable, multitasking and multi-user.

Linux was made available under a free license (the GPL license) allowing anyone to modify, share and use it for free. This encouraged the creation of a large community of developers and users.

The philosophy of Linux

Linux is based on the principles of free software:

  • Freedom to use: you can use Linux for any purpose.
  • Freedom to study and modify: the source code is accessible to everyone.
  • Freedom to share: you can distribute copies of the software, modified or not.

These ideas are part of a broader movement called "open source", which values collaboration and knowledge sharing.

What is a Linux distribution?

Linux itself is a kernel, that is, the central part that manages hardware and resources. To create a complete system, we assemble this kernel with software. This gives what we call a "distribution".

Examples of popular distributions:

  • Mint: ideal for beginners, it is simple to use and has a large community.
  • Debian: known for its stability, it's a base for many other distributions, like Ubuntu.
  • Fedora: focuses on integrating the latest technologies.
  • Arch Linux: for advanced users who want a customized system.
  • Kali Linux: specialized for security testing and ethical hacking.

Linux in daily life

You might already be using Linux without knowing it! It's present in Android smartphones, many web servers, and even connected objects like Internet boxes.

Why learn Linux?

  1. Understanding computer basics: Linux offers a concrete approach to learning how operating systems work.
  2. Autonomy: command-line tools allow automating and solving complex problems.
  3. Career: Linux is widely used in companies, particularly in servers, cloud, and cybersecurity.

Conclusion

Linux is not just an operating system, it's also a way of thinking about computing, based on sharing, freedom and collaboration. As NSI students, you'll have the opportunity to discover an environment that encourages exploration and learning.