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cyberviolence","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsc-reseaux-sociaux\u002Fcyberviolence","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsc-reseaux-sociaux\u002F5.cyberviolence",{"title":93,"path":94,"stem":95,"children":96},"Les données structurées et leur traitement","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsd-donnees-structurees","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsd-donnees-structurees\u002F0.index",[97,98,102,106,110,114],{"title":93,"path":94,"stem":95},{"title":99,"path":100,"stem":101},"Données et formats","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsd-donnees-structurees\u002Fdonnees-formats","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsd-donnees-structurees\u002F1.donnees-formats",{"title":103,"path":104,"stem":105},"Données structurées","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsd-donnees-structurees\u002Fdonnees-structurees","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsd-donnees-structurees\u002F2.donnees-structurees",{"title":107,"path":108,"stem":109},"Métadonnées","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsd-donnees-structurees\u002Fmetadonnees","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsd-donnees-structurees\u002F3.metadonnees",{"title":111,"path":112,"stem":113},"Traitement de tables","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsd-donnees-structurees\u002Ftraitement-tables","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsd-donnees-structurees\u002F4.traitement-tables",{"title":115,"path":116,"stem":117},"Le cloud","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsd-donnees-structurees\u002Fcloud","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsd-donnees-structurees\u002F5.cloud",{"title":119,"path":120,"stem":121,"children":122},"Localisation, cartographie et mobilité","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fse-localisation-cartographie","0.snt-2nde\u002Fse-localisation-cartographie\u002F0.index",[123,124,128,132,136,140],{"title":119,"path":120,"stem":121},{"title":125,"path":126,"stem":127},"GPS et Galileo — se situer grâce aux satellites","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fse-localisation-cartographie\u002Fgps-galileo","0.snt-2nde\u002Fse-localisation-cartographie\u002F1.gps-galileo",{"title":129,"path":130,"stem":131},"Décoder une trame NMEA","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fse-localisation-cartographie\u002Ftrame-nmea","0.snt-2nde\u002Fse-localisation-cartographie\u002F2.trame-nmea",{"title":133,"path":134,"stem":135},"Cartes numériques — GeoPortail et OpenStreetMap","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fse-localisation-cartographie\u002Fcartes-numeriques","0.snt-2nde\u002Fse-localisation-cartographie\u002F3.cartes-numeriques",{"title":137,"path":138,"stem":139},"Itinéraires et graphes","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fse-localisation-cartographie\u002Fitineraires-graphes","0.snt-2nde\u002Fse-localisation-cartographie\u002F4.itineraires-graphes",{"title":141,"path":142,"stem":143},"Confidentialité de la position","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fse-localisation-cartographie\u002Fconfidentialite-position","0.snt-2nde\u002Fse-localisation-cartographie\u002F5.confidentialite-position",{"title":145,"path":146,"stem":147,"children":148},"Informatique embarquée et objets connectés","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsf-info-embarquee","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsf-info-embarquee\u002F0.index",[149,150,154,158],{"title":145,"path":146,"stem":147},{"title":151,"path":152,"stem":153},"Systèmes informatiques embarqués","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsf-info-embarquee\u002Fsystemes-embarques","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsf-info-embarquee\u002F1.systemes-embarques",{"title":155,"path":156,"stem":157},"Capteurs et actionneurs","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsf-info-embarquee\u002Fcapteurs-actionneurs","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsf-info-embarquee\u002F2.capteurs-actionneurs",{"title":159,"path":160,"stem":161},"IHM et objets connectés","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsf-info-embarquee\u002Fihm-objet-connecte","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsf-info-embarquee\u002F3.ihm-objet-connecte",{"title":163,"path":164,"stem":165,"children":166},"Photographie numérique","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsg-photo-numerique","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsg-photo-numerique\u002F0.index",[167,168,172,176,180],{"title":163,"path":164,"stem":165},{"title":169,"path":170,"stem":171},"Photosites, pixels et résolution","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsg-photo-numerique\u002Fpixels-resolution","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsg-photo-numerique\u002F1.pixels-resolution",{"title":173,"path":174,"stem":175},"Les algorithmes de l'appareil photo","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsg-photo-numerique\u002Falgorithmes-photo","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsg-photo-numerique\u002F2.algorithmes-photo",{"title":177,"path":178,"stem":179},"Les métadonnées EXIF","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsg-photo-numerique\u002Fmetadonnees-exif","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsg-photo-numerique\u002F3.metadonnees-exif",{"title":181,"path":182,"stem":183},"Traiter une image en Python","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsg-photo-numerique\u002Ftraitement-rgb","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsg-photo-numerique\u002F4.traitement-rgb",{"title":185,"path":186,"stem":187,"children":188},"Notions transversales de programmation","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsh-prog-notions","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsh-prog-notions\u002F0.index",[189,190,194,198,202],{"title":185,"path":186,"stem":187},{"title":191,"path":192,"stem":193},"Séquences d'instructions et variables","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsh-prog-notions\u002Fsequences-affectations","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsh-prog-notions\u002F1.sequences-affectations",{"title":195,"path":196,"stem":197},"Instructions conditionnelles","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsh-prog-notions\u002Fconditionnelles","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsh-prog-notions\u002F2.conditionnelles",{"title":199,"path":200,"stem":201},"Boucles bornées et non bornées","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsh-prog-notions\u002Fboucles","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsh-prog-notions\u002F3.boucles",{"title":203,"path":204,"stem":205},"Définitions et appels de fonctions","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsh-prog-notions\u002Ffonctions","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsh-prog-notions\u002F4.fonctions",{"title":207,"path":208,"stem":209,"children":210},"Démo des widgets MDC","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fzz-demo-widgets","0.snt-2nde\u002Fzz-demo-widgets\u002F0.index",[211,212,216,220],{"title":207,"path":208,"stem":209},{"title":213,"path":214,"stem":215},"Démo statique — callouts, code, BO, illustration","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fzz-demo-widgets\u002Fstatique","0.snt-2nde\u002Fzz-demo-widgets\u002F1.statique",{"title":217,"path":218,"stem":219},"Démo interactive — self-eval et python-snippet","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fzz-demo-widgets\u002Finteractif","0.snt-2nde\u002Fzz-demo-widgets\u002F2.interactif",{"title":221,"path":222,"stem":223},"Démo · 14 widgets de manipulation NSI","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fzz-demo-widgets\u002Fwidgets-manipulation","0.snt-2nde\u002Fzz-demo-widgets\u002F3.widgets-manipulation",{"title":225,"path":226,"stem":227,"children":228},"NSI — Première","\u002Fnsi-1ere","1.nsi-1ere\u002F0.index",[229,230,234,256,282,304,328,354,380,410],{"title":225,"path":226,"stem":227},{"title":231,"path":232,"stem":233},"Relecture pédagogique — 8 chapitres NSI 1ère (PA → PH)","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Freview","1.nsi-1ere\u002FREVIEW",{"title":235,"path":236,"stem":237,"children":238},"Histoire de l'informatique","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002F0.index",[239,240,244,248,252],{"title":235,"path":236,"stem":237},{"title":241,"path":242,"stem":243},"De la préantiquité aux machines à calculer","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002Fpreantiquite-aux-machines","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002F1.preantiquite-aux-machines",{"title":245,"path":246,"stem":247},"La machine universelle (1930-1950)","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002Fmachine-universelle","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002F2.machine-universelle",{"title":249,"path":250,"stem":251},"Les ordinateurs modernes (1947-1990)","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002Fordinateurs-modernes","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002F3.ordinateurs-modernes",{"title":253,"path":254,"stem":255},"Réseaux, Web et IA (1969 à aujourd'hui)","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002Freseaux-et-web","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002F4.reseaux-et-web",{"title":257,"path":258,"stem":259,"children":260},"Représentation des données — types et valeurs","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpb-types-valeurs","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpb-types-valeurs\u002F0.index",[261,262,266,270,274,278],{"title":257,"path":258,"stem":259},{"title":263,"path":264,"stem":265},"Bases de numération et entiers positifs","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpb-types-valeurs\u002Fbases-entiers-positifs","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpb-types-valeurs\u002F1.bases-entiers-positifs",{"title":267,"path":268,"stem":269},"Entiers relatifs et complément à deux","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpb-types-valeurs\u002Fentiers-relatifs","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpb-types-valeurs\u002F2.entiers-relatifs",{"title":271,"path":272,"stem":273},"Nombres flottants et virgule 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compréhension","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpc-types-construits\u002Fcomprehension","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpc-types-construits\u002F2.comprehension",{"title":297,"path":298,"stem":299},"Tuples et p-uplets nommés","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpc-types-construits\u002Ftuples","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpc-types-construits\u002F3.tuples",{"title":301,"path":302,"stem":303},"Dictionnaires","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpc-types-construits\u002Fdictionnaires","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpc-types-construits\u002F4.dictionnaires",{"title":305,"path":306,"stem":307,"children":308},"Traitement de données en tables","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpd-tables-donnees","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpd-tables-donnees\u002F0.index",[309,310,314,318,322],{"title":305,"path":306,"stem":307},{"title":311,"path":312,"stem":313},"Tables et CSV","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpd-tables-donnees\u002Ftables-csv","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpd-tables-donnees\u002F1.tables-csv",{"title":315,"path":316,"stem":317},"Recherche et filtrage","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpd-tables-donnees\u002Frecherche","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpd-tables-donnees\u002F2.recherche",{"title":319,"path":320,"stem":321},"Trier une table","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpd-tables-donnees\u002Ftri","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpd-tables-donnees\u002F3.tri",{"title":323,"path":324,"stem":325,"children":326},"Fusion et indexation","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpd-tables-donnees\u002Ffusion-indexation","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpd-tables-donnees\u002F4.fusion-indexation",[327],{"title":323,"path":324,"stem":325},{"title":329,"path":330,"stem":331,"children":332},"IHM sur le Web","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpe-ihm-web","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpe-ihm-web\u002F0.index",[333,334,338,342,346,350],{"title":329,"path":330,"stem":331},{"title":335,"path":336,"stem":337},"HTML et CSS — rappel de structure","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpe-ihm-web\u002Fhtml-css-bases","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpe-ihm-web\u002F1.html-css-bases",{"title":339,"path":340,"stem":341},"Formulaires HTML","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpe-ihm-web\u002Fformulaires","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpe-ihm-web\u002F2.formulaires",{"title":343,"path":344,"stem":345},"Événements JavaScript","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpe-ihm-web\u002Fevenements-js","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpe-ihm-web\u002F3.evenements-js",{"title":347,"path":348,"stem":349},"Manipulation du DOM","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpe-ihm-web\u002Fdom-interaction","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpe-ihm-web\u002F4.dom-interaction",{"title":351,"path":352,"stem":353},"Client, serveur et HTTP","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpe-ihm-web\u002Fclient-serveur-http","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpe-ihm-web\u002F5.client-serveur-http",{"title":355,"path":356,"stem":357,"children":358},"Architectures matérielles et systèmes d'exploitation","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpf-archi-os","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpf-archi-os\u002F0.index",[359,360,364,368,372,376],{"title":355,"path":356,"stem":357},{"title":361,"path":362,"stem":363},"Le modèle de von Neumann","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpf-archi-os\u002Fvon-neumann","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpf-archi-os\u002F1.von-neumann",{"title":365,"path":366,"stem":367},"Périphériques et interface homme-machine","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpf-archi-os\u002Fperipheriques-ihm","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpf-archi-os\u002F2.peripheriques-ihm",{"title":369,"path":370,"stem":371},"Les systèmes d'exploitation","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpf-archi-os\u002Fsystemes-exploitation","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpf-archi-os\u002F3.systemes-exploitation",{"title":373,"path":374,"stem":375},"Linux et le shell","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpf-archi-os\u002Flinux-shell","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpf-archi-os\u002F4.linux-shell",{"title":377,"path":378,"stem":379},"Réseaux et protocoles","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpf-archi-os\u002Freseaux","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpf-archi-os\u002F5.reseaux",{"title":381,"path":382,"stem":383,"children":384},"Langages et programmation","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpg-langages-prog","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpg-langages-prog\u002F0.index",[385,386,390,394,398,402,406],{"title":381,"path":382,"stem":383},{"title":387,"path":388,"stem":389},"Diversité et unité des langages de programmation","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpg-langages-prog\u002Fdiversite-langages","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpg-langages-prog\u002F1.diversite-langages",{"title":391,"path":392,"stem":393},"Constructions élémentaires","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpg-langages-prog\u002Fconstructions-elementaires","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpg-langages-prog\u002F2.constructions-elementaires",{"title":395,"path":396,"stem":397},"Fonctions","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpg-langages-prog\u002Ffonctions","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpg-langages-prog\u002F3.fonctions",{"title":399,"path":400,"stem":401},"Spécification d'une fonction","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpg-langages-prog\u002Fspecification","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpg-langages-prog\u002F4.specification",{"title":403,"path":404,"stem":405},"Mise au point des programmes","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpg-langages-prog\u002Fmise-au-point","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpg-langages-prog\u002F5.mise-au-point",{"title":407,"path":408,"stem":409},"Utilisation de bibliothèques","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpg-langages-prog\u002Fbibliotheques","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpg-langages-prog\u002F6.bibliotheques",{"title":411,"path":412,"stem":413,"children":414},"Algorithmique","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fph-algorithmique","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fph-algorithmique\u002F0.index",[415,416,420,424,428,432,436],{"title":411,"path":412,"stem":413},{"title":417,"path":418,"stem":419},"Parcours séquentiel d'un tableau","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fph-algorithmique\u002Fparcours-sequentiel","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fph-algorithmique\u002F1.parcours-sequentiel",{"title":421,"path":422,"stem":423},"Bases de la complexité","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fph-algorithmique\u002Fcomplexite-bases","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fph-algorithmique\u002F2.complexite-bases",{"title":425,"path":426,"stem":427},"Tris par sélection et par insertion","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fph-algorithmique\u002Ftris","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fph-algorithmique\u002F3.tris",{"title":429,"path":430,"stem":431},"Recherche dichotomique","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fph-algorithmique\u002Fdichotomie","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fph-algorithmique\u002F4.dichotomie",{"title":433,"path":434,"stem":435},"Algorithmes gloutons","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fph-algorithmique\u002Fgloutons","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fph-algorithmique\u002F5.gloutons",{"title":437,"path":438,"stem":439},"Les k plus proches voisins (k-NN)","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fph-algorithmique\u002Fknn","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fph-algorithmique\u002F6.knn",{"title":441,"path":442,"stem":443,"children":444},"NSI — Terminale","\u002Fnsi-tale","2.nsi-tale\u002F0.index",[445,446,450,476,498,536,560],{"title":441,"path":442,"stem":443},{"title":447,"path":448,"stem":449},"Review pédagogique — chapitres NSI Terminale (TA, TB, TC, TD, TE)","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Freview","2.nsi-tale\u002FREVIEW",{"title":451,"path":452,"stem":453,"children":454},"Structures de données","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Fta-structures-donnees","2.nsi-tale\u002Fta-structures-donnees\u002F0.index",[455,456,460,464,468,472],{"title":451,"path":452,"stem":453},{"title":457,"path":458,"stem":459},"Objet, classe, interface","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Fta-structures-donnees\u002Finterface-implementation","2.nsi-tale\u002Fta-structures-donnees\u002F1.interface-implementation",{"title":461,"path":462,"stem":463},"Implémenter une structure — l'exemple de la file FIFO","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Fta-structures-donnees\u002Fimplementer-une-structure","2.nsi-tale\u002Fta-structures-donnees\u002F2.implementer-une-structure",{"title":465,"path":466,"stem":467},"Listes, piles, files, dictionnaires","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Fta-structures-donnees\u002Flistes-piles-files-dict","2.nsi-tale\u002Fta-structures-donnees\u002F3.listes-piles-files-dict",{"title":469,"path":470,"stem":471},"Arbres binaires","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Fta-structures-donnees\u002Farbres-binaires","2.nsi-tale\u002Fta-structures-donnees\u002F4.arbres-binaires",{"title":473,"path":474,"stem":475},"Graphes","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Fta-structures-donnees\u002Fgraphes","2.nsi-tale\u002Fta-structures-donnees\u002F5.graphes",{"title":477,"path":478,"stem":479,"children":480},"Bases de données","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftb-bases-de-donnees","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftb-bases-de-donnees\u002F0.index",[481,482,486,490,494],{"title":477,"path":478,"stem":479},{"title":483,"path":484,"stem":485},"Le modèle relationnel","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftb-bases-de-donnees\u002Fmodele-relationnel","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftb-bases-de-donnees\u002F1.modele-relationnel",{"title":487,"path":488,"stem":489},"Bases de données relationnelles et anomalies de schéma","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftb-bases-de-donnees\u002Fbase-relationnelle","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftb-bases-de-donnees\u002F2.base-relationnelle",{"title":491,"path":492,"stem":493},"Le langage SQL","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftb-bases-de-donnees\u002Fsql","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftb-bases-de-donnees\u002F3.sql",{"title":495,"path":496,"stem":497},"Les systèmes de gestion de bases de données","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftb-bases-de-donnees\u002Fsgbd","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftb-bases-de-donnees\u002F4.sgbd",{"title":499,"path":500,"stem":501,"children":502},"Architectures matérielles, systèmes d'exploitation et réseaux","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux\u002F0.index",[503,504,508,512,516,520,524,528,532],{"title":499,"path":500,"stem":501},{"title":505,"path":506,"stem":507},"Le système sur puce (SoC)","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux\u002Fsysteme-sur-puce","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux\u002F1.systeme-sur-puce",{"title":509,"path":510,"stem":511},"Processus et ordonnancement par l'OS","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux\u002Fprocessus-os","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux\u002F2.processus-os",{"title":513,"path":514,"stem":515},"L'interblocage (deadlock)","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux\u002Finterblocage","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux\u002F3.interblocage",{"title":517,"path":518,"stem":519},"Principes du routage","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux\u002Froutage-principes","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux\u002F4.routage-principes",{"title":521,"path":522,"stem":523},"Protocoles de routage RIP et OSPF","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux\u002Fprotocoles-rip-ospf","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux\u002F5.protocoles-rip-ospf",{"title":525,"path":526,"stem":527},"Chiffrement symétrique","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux\u002Fchiffrement-symetrique","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux\u002F6.chiffrement-symetrique",{"title":529,"path":530,"stem":531},"Chiffrement asymétrique","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux\u002Fchiffrement-asymetrique","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux\u002F7.chiffrement-asymetrique",{"title":533,"path":534,"stem":535},"HTTPS — l'échange de clé symétrique","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux\u002Fhttps-tls","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux\u002F8.https-tls",{"title":381,"path":537,"stem":538,"children":539},"\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftd-langages-prog","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftd-langages-prog\u002F0.index",[540,541,544,548,552,556],{"title":381,"path":537,"stem":538},{"title":403,"path":542,"stem":543},"\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftd-langages-prog\u002Fmise-au-point","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftd-langages-prog\u002F1.mise-au-point",{"title":545,"path":546,"stem":547},"Modularité","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftd-langages-prog\u002Fmodularite","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftd-langages-prog\u002F2.modularite",{"title":549,"path":550,"stem":551},"Récursivité","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftd-langages-prog\u002Frecursivite","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftd-langages-prog\u002F3.recursivite",{"title":553,"path":554,"stem":555},"Paradigmes de programmation","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftd-langages-prog\u002Fparadigmes","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftd-langages-prog\u002F4.paradigmes",{"title":557,"path":558,"stem":559},"Programme comme donnée — calculabilité et indécidabilité","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftd-langages-prog\u002Fprogramme-comme-donnee","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftd-langages-prog\u002F5.programme-comme-donnee",{"title":411,"path":561,"stem":562,"children":563},"\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Fte-algorithmique","2.nsi-tale\u002Fte-algorithmique\u002F0.index",[564,565,569,573,577,581],{"title":411,"path":561,"stem":562},{"title":566,"path":567,"stem":568},"Algorithmes sur les arbres binaires","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Fte-algorithmique\u002Farbres-binaires-algos","2.nsi-tale\u002Fte-algorithmique\u002F1.arbres-binaires-algos",{"title":570,"path":571,"stem":572},"Parcours de graphes — DFS, BFS, cycles, chemins","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Fte-algorithmique\u002Fgraphes-parcours","2.nsi-tale\u002Fte-algorithmique\u002F2.graphes-parcours",{"title":574,"path":575,"stem":576},"Diviser pour régner","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Fte-algorithmique\u002Fdiviser-pour-regner","2.nsi-tale\u002Fte-algorithmique\u002F3.diviser-pour-regner",{"title":578,"path":579,"stem":580},"Programmation dynamique","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Fte-algorithmique\u002Fprogrammation-dynamique","2.nsi-tale\u002Fte-algorithmique\u002F4.programmation-dynamique",{"title":582,"path":583,"stem":584},"Recherche textuelle — l'algorithme de Boyer-Moore","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Fte-algorithmique\u002Frecherche-textuelle","2.nsi-tale\u002Fte-algorithmique\u002F5.recherche-textuelle",{"id":586,"title":43,"bo":587,"body":589,"description":1047,"eval":1048,"extension":1049,"labo":1048,"meta":1050,"navigation":1051,"path":44,"quizzes":1052,"readingTime":1059,"seo":1060,"stem":45,"tp":1048,"__hash__":1061},"cours\u002F0.snt-2nde\u002Fsb-web\u002F1.histoire-web.md",[588],"SB07",{"type":590,"value":591,"toc":1035},"minimark",[592,597,601,621,624,628,638,656,659,673,677,710,717,746,750,761,776,780,783,826,849,853,864,867,871,884,888,996,1021,1025],[593,594,596],"h2",{"id":595},"introduction","Introduction",[598,599,600],"p",{},"Le Web n'a pas toujours existé. Quand vos parents avaient votre âge, naviguer sur\nun site ou regarder une vidéo en ligne n'était tout simplement pas possible.\nComprendre comment le Web s'est construit, c'est saisir pourquoi il est ce qu'il\nest aujourd'hui : un assemblage d'inventions techniques et de choix humains, pas\nune fatalité.",[598,602,603,604,608,609,612,613,616,617,620],{},"Avant de plonger dans les détails techniques des cours suivants, ce premier\ncours pose les ",[605,606,607],"strong",{},"étapes-clés"," qui structurent l'histoire du Web. Pour situer\nla suite, retenez que le Web tel qu'on le connaît tient sur trois inventions\nimbriquées : ",[605,610,611],{},"HTML"," (un langage pour écrire les pages), ",[605,614,615],{},"HTTP"," (un protocole\npour les transporter), et ",[605,618,619],{},"URL"," (un système d'adresses pour les localiser).",[622,623],"bo-ref",{"code":588},[593,625,627],{"id":626},"avant-le-web-internet-existait-déjà","Avant le Web : Internet existait déjà",[598,629,630,631,633,634,637],{},"On confond souvent ",[605,632,15],{}," et ",[605,635,636],{},"le Web",". Ce sont deux choses distinctes :",[639,640,641,647],"ul",{},[642,643,644,646],"li",{},[605,645,15],{}," est le réseau mondial d'ordinateurs interconnectés. Ses bases\nsont posées dans les années 1960–1970 (projet ARPANET, protocole TCP\u002FIP en\n1983). Internet sert à transporter des données.",[642,648,649,651,652,655],{},[605,650,37],{}," est ",[605,653,654],{},"une application"," qui s'appuie sur Internet pour offrir des\npages liées entre elles par des hyperliens. Il naît à la fin des années 1980.",[598,657,658],{},"Avant le Web, Internet servait surtout au courrier électronique, au transfert\nde fichiers (FTP) et aux forums (Usenet). Pour échanger un document, il fallait\nsouvent connaître son emplacement exact et le télécharger explicitement. Pas de\nnavigation par clic, pas de pages affichées dans une fenêtre graphique.",[660,661,662],"note",{},[598,663,664,665,668,669,672],{},"Une analogie : Internet est comme le ",[605,666,667],{},"réseau routier"," d'un pays — les routes,\nles autoroutes, les panneaux. Le Web, c'est ",[605,670,671],{},"une activité"," parmi d'autres qui\nutilise ces routes : par exemple, livrer du courrier. D'autres activités existent\naussi sur le même réseau (mail, jeu en ligne, visio).",[593,674,676],{"id":675},"_19891990-la-naissance-au-cern","1989–1990 : la naissance au CERN",[678,679,682,692],"card",{"icon":680,"title":681},"i-lucide-flag","Le moment fondateur",[598,683,684,687,688],{},[605,685,686],{},"1989"," — Tim Berners-Lee, chercheur britannique au CERN (laboratoire européen\nde physique des particules, près de Genève), propose un système pour faciliter\nle partage de documents entre les scientifiques du laboratoire. Son patron\nannote la note de service : ",[689,690,691],"em",{},"« vague, mais excitant ».",[598,693,694,697,698,700,701,700,703,705,706,709],{},[605,695,696],{},"1990"," — Premier serveur Web et premier site interne au CERN, sur\nl'ordinateur de Berners-Lee. Le site décrit le projet lui-même. Les trois\npiliers techniques sont posés : ",[605,699,611],{},", ",[605,702,615],{},[605,704,619],{},". En ",[605,707,708],{},"août 1991",",\nle Web s'ouvre au public avec la mise en ligne du premier site externe.",[598,711,712,713,716],{},"Pourquoi le CERN ? Parce que les physiciens venaient du monde entier, utilisaient\ndes ordinateurs différents et avaient besoin de partager rapidement leurs notes,\nschémas et résultats. Le Web est donc né d'un besoin pratique de ",[605,714,715],{},"collaboration\ndocumentaire",", pas d'un projet commercial.",[718,719,723,730],"self-eval-qcm",{"correct":720,"explanation":721,"slug":722},"1","Tim Berners-Lee, en 1989-1990 au CERN. Le premier site est mis en ligne en août 1991.","histoire-web-c1",[724,725,727],"template",{"v-slot:question":726},"",[598,728,729],{},"Qui a inventé le Web ?",[724,731,732],{"v-slot:choices":726},[639,733,734,737,740,743],{},[642,735,736],{},"Steve Jobs",[642,738,739],{},"Tim Berners-Lee",[642,741,742],{},"Bill Gates",[642,744,745],{},"Mark Zuckerberg",[593,747,749],{"id":748},"_1993-le-web-devient-public-et-gratuit","1993 : le Web devient public et gratuit",[598,751,752,753,756,757,760],{},"En ",[605,754,755],{},"1993",", le CERN décide de placer la technologie du Web dans le ",[605,758,759],{},"domaine\npublic",". N'importe qui peut écrire un serveur ou un navigateur sans demander\nd'autorisation, sans payer de licence. Cette décision est probablement la plus\nimportante de toute l'histoire du Web : sans elle, le Web serait peut-être resté\nune technologie propriétaire confinée à un petit nombre d'acteurs.",[598,762,763,764,767,768,771,772,775],{},"La même année sort ",[605,765,766],{},"Mosaic",", le premier navigateur populaire qui affiche du\ntexte ",[605,769,770],{},"et des images dans la même page"," (les versions précédentes étaient en\ntexte pur). Mosaic donnera naissance à ",[605,773,774],{},"Netscape Navigator"," (1994), qui\npopularisera le Web auprès du grand public.",[593,777,779],{"id":778},"_19942000-explosion-et-bulle-internet","1994–2000 : explosion et bulle Internet",[598,781,782],{},"Le Web grandit à une vitesse stupéfiante :",[784,785,786,799],"table",{},[787,788,789],"thead",{},[790,791,792,796],"tr",{},[793,794,795],"th",{},"Année",[793,797,798],{},"Nombre approximatif de sites",[800,801,802,810,818],"tbody",{},[790,803,804,807],{},[805,806,755],"td",{},[805,808,809],{},"environ 130",[790,811,812,815],{},[805,813,814],{},"1996",[805,816,817],{},"environ 100 000",[790,819,820,823],{},[805,821,822],{},"2000",[805,824,825],{},"plus de 17 millions",[598,827,828,829,832,833,836,837,840,841,844,845,848],{},"C'est l'époque où apparaissent les premiers grands services qu'on connaît encore :\n",[605,830,831],{},"Yahoo!"," (1994, annuaire de sites), ",[605,834,835],{},"Amazon"," (1994, livres), ",[605,838,839],{},"eBay"," (1995,\nenchères), ",[605,842,843],{},"Google"," (1998, moteur de recherche). En 2000, une ",[605,846,847],{},"bulle spéculative","\nsur les sociétés Internet éclate : beaucoup d'entreprises disparaissent, mais\ncelles qui survivent (Google, Amazon…) deviendront des géants.",[593,850,852],{"id":851},"_20042010-le-web-20-et-les-réseaux-sociaux","2004–2010 : le Web 2.0 et les réseaux sociaux",[598,854,855,856,859,860,863],{},"À partir de 2004, on parle de ",[605,857,858],{},"Web 2.0"," : les utilisateurs ne consultent plus\nseulement des pages, ils ",[605,861,862],{},"produisent du contenu",". Wikipédia (2001), Facebook\n(2004), YouTube (2005), Twitter (2006), Instagram (2010) reposent tous sur ce\nprincipe : l'utilisateur publie, commente, partage.",[598,865,866],{},"Cette participation massive a transformé le Web en espace social — avec ses\nopportunités (expression, accès à l'information) et ses problèmes (vie privée,\ndésinformation, harcèlement) que vous étudierez aussi dans le chapitre sur les\nréseaux sociaux.",[593,868,870],{"id":869},"_2007-et-au-delà-le-web-mobile","2007 et au-delà : le Web mobile",[872,873,874],"warning",{},[598,875,876,879,880,883],{},[605,877,878],{},"2007"," — Apple lance l'iPhone. Naviguer sur le Web depuis un téléphone devient\nfluide. Depuis le milieu des années 2010, ",[605,881,882],{},"plus de la moitié"," du trafic Web\nmondial vient des appareils mobiles. Concevoir une page Web aujourd'hui, c'est\npenser en priorité à son rendu sur un petit écran tactile.",[593,885,887],{"id":886},"frise-récapitulative","Frise récapitulative",[784,889,890,899],{},[787,891,892],{},[790,893,894,896],{},[793,895,795],{},[793,897,898],{},"Événement",[800,900,901,909,917,928,935,942,949,957,965,973,981,988],{},[790,902,903,906],{},[805,904,905],{},"1969",[805,907,908],{},"Premières connexions d'ARPANET (ancêtre d'Internet)",[790,910,911,914],{},[805,912,913],{},"1983",[805,915,916],{},"TCP\u002FIP devient le protocole standard d'Internet",[790,918,919,923],{},[805,920,921],{},[605,922,686],{},[805,924,925],{},[605,926,927],{},"Tim Berners-Lee propose le Web au CERN",[790,929,930,932],{},[805,931,696],{},[805,933,934],{},"Premier serveur et premier site Web (CERN, interne) — HTML \u002F HTTP \u002F URL",[790,936,937,939],{},[805,938,708],{},[805,940,941],{},"Premier site Web public — le Web s'ouvre au monde",[790,943,944,946],{},[805,945,755],{},[805,947,948],{},"Le CERN place le Web dans le domaine public — Mosaic sort",[790,950,951,954],{},[805,952,953],{},"1994",[805,955,956],{},"Création du W3C (organisme de standardisation du Web)",[790,958,959,962],{},[805,960,961],{},"1998",[805,963,964],{},"Création de Google",[790,966,967,970],{},[805,968,969],{},"2001",[805,971,972],{},"Wikipédia",[790,974,975,978],{},[805,976,977],{},"2004",[805,979,980],{},"Facebook — début du Web 2.0",[790,982,983,985],{},[805,984,878],{},[805,986,987],{},"iPhone — début du Web mobile",[790,989,990,993],{},[805,991,992],{},"2010+",[805,994,995],{},"Le Web devient principalement mobile et social",[718,997,1000,1005],{"correct":720,"explanation":998,"slug":999},"En 1993, le CERN renonce à toute exclusivité : n'importe qui peut écrire un serveur ou un navigateur. C'est ce choix qui rend l'explosion possible.","histoire-web-c2",[724,1001,1002],{"v-slot:question":726},[598,1003,1004],{},"Quelle décision de 1993 a permis l'essor mondial du Web ?",[724,1006,1007],{"v-slot:choices":726},[639,1008,1009,1012,1015,1018],{},[642,1010,1011],{},"La création de Google",[642,1013,1014],{},"Le passage du Web dans le domaine public",[642,1016,1017],{},"Le lancement de l'iPhone",[642,1019,1020],{},"La standardisation TCP\u002FIP",[593,1022,1024],{"id":1023},"à-retenir","À retenir",[1026,1027,1028],"tip",{},[598,1029,1030,1031,1034],{},"Le Web est jeune — il a à peine plus de 30 ans. Il s'appuie sur Internet (plus\nvieux) mais en est distinct. Ses trois piliers — HTML, HTTP, URL — sont apparus\nen même temps en 1990. Sa diffusion mondiale doit beaucoup à un choix de\n",[605,1032,1033],{},"gratuité et d'ouverture"," fait au CERN en 1993.",{"title":726,"searchDepth":1036,"depth":1036,"links":1037},2,[1038,1039,1040,1041,1042,1043,1044,1045,1046],{"id":595,"depth":1036,"text":596},{"id":626,"depth":1036,"text":627},{"id":675,"depth":1036,"text":676},{"id":748,"depth":1036,"text":749},{"id":778,"depth":1036,"text":779},{"id":851,"depth":1036,"text":852},{"id":869,"depth":1036,"text":870},{"id":886,"depth":1036,"text":887},{"id":1023,"depth":1036,"text":1024},"Du CERN aux smartphones — comment le Web est passé d'une idée de chercheur à un objet du quotidien planétaire en trois décennies.",null,"md",{},true,[1053,1057],{"slug":722,"kind":1054,"question":729,"choices":1055,"correct":720,"multi":1056,"explanation":721},"qcm",[736,739,742,745],false,{"slug":999,"kind":1054,"question":1004,"choices":1058,"correct":720,"multi":1056,"explanation":998},[1011,1014,1017,1020],1,{"title":43,"description":1047},"S8CDdR7azS1NeCcDH6rYQgXfox-YZ59Va-BoK_Bgbr8",{"id":1063,"title":1064,"bo":1065,"body":1066,"description":1291,"eval":1048,"extension":1049,"labo":1048,"meta":1292,"navigation":1056,"path":1293,"quizzes":1294,"readingTime":1059,"seo":1295,"stem":1296,"tp":1048,"__hash__":1297},"coursMemo\u002F0.snt-2nde\u002Fsb-web\u002F1.histoire-web.memo.md","Histoire du Web — l'essentiel",[588],{"type":590,"value":1067,"toc":1284},[1068,1072,1077,1081,1132,1136,1209,1213,1234,1238],[593,1069,1071],{"id":1070},"en-une-phrase","En une phrase",[598,1073,1074],{},[605,1075,1076],{},"Le Web est une application née au CERN en 1989-1990, distincte d'Internet, et\ndont l'ouverture au domaine public en 1993 a permis l'essor mondial.",[593,1078,1080],{"id":1079},"à-mémoriser","À mémoriser",[639,1082,1083,1089,1098,1111,1120,1126],{},[642,1084,1085,1088],{},[605,1086,1087],{},"Web ≠ Internet"," : Internet est le réseau, le Web est une application qui\nl'utilise pour partager des pages liées par hyperliens.",[642,1090,1091,1093,1094,1097],{},[605,1092,739],{},", chercheur au ",[605,1095,1096],{},"CERN"," (laboratoire européen de physique\ndes particules), invente le Web pour partager des documents entre chercheurs.",[642,1099,1100,1103,1104,700,1106,700,1108,1110],{},[605,1101,1102],{},"Trois piliers techniques"," apparus en 1990 : ",[605,1105,611],{},[605,1107,615],{},[605,1109,619],{},".",[642,1112,1113,1115,1116,1119],{},[605,1114,755],{}," : le CERN place le Web dans le ",[605,1117,1118],{},"domaine public"," (gratuit, libre).",[642,1121,1122,1125],{},[605,1123,1124],{},"2004+"," : Web 2.0 — les utilisateurs produisent eux-mêmes le contenu.",[642,1127,1128,1131],{},[605,1129,1130],{},"2007+"," : Web mobile, suite au lancement de l'iPhone.",[593,1133,1135],{"id":1134},"frise-minimale-à-savoir-reciter","Frise minimale à savoir reciter",[784,1137,1138,1146],{},[787,1139,1140],{},[790,1141,1142,1144],{},[793,1143,795],{},[793,1145,898],{},[800,1147,1148,1156,1165,1174,1183,1191,1200],{},[790,1149,1150,1154],{},[805,1151,1152],{},[605,1153,686],{},[805,1155,927],{},[790,1157,1158,1162],{},[805,1159,1160],{},[605,1161,696],{},[805,1163,1164],{},"Premier serveur et site Web (interne au CERN) — HTML \u002F HTTP \u002F URL",[790,1166,1167,1171],{},[805,1168,1169],{},[605,1170,708],{},[805,1172,1173],{},"Premier site Web public — ouverture au monde",[790,1175,1176,1180],{},[805,1177,1178],{},[605,1179,755],{},[805,1181,1182],{},"Web dans le domaine public, navigateur Mosaic",[790,1184,1185,1189],{},[805,1186,1187],{},[605,1188,961],{},[805,1190,843],{},[790,1192,1193,1197],{},[805,1194,1195],{},[605,1196,977],{},[805,1198,1199],{},"Facebook, Web 2.0",[790,1201,1202,1206],{},[805,1203,1204],{},[605,1205,878],{},[805,1207,1208],{},"iPhone, Web mobile",[593,1210,1212],{"id":1211},"pièges-courants","Pièges courants",[639,1214,1215,1221,1227],{},[642,1216,1217,1220],{},[605,1218,1219],{},"Internet n'est pas le Web."," Le mail, la visio, les jeux en ligne utilisent\nInternet sans utiliser le Web.",[642,1222,1223,1226],{},[605,1224,1225],{},"Tim Berners-Lee n'a pas inventé Internet"," — Internet existait depuis les\nannées 1970. Il a inventé le Web.",[642,1228,1229,1230,1233],{},"Le Web n'est ",[605,1231,1232],{},"pas américain"," au départ : il est né en Europe, au CERN.",[593,1235,1237],{"id":1236},"à-savoir-reconnaître","À savoir reconnaître",[784,1239,1240,1250],{},[787,1241,1242],{},[790,1243,1244,1247],{},[793,1245,1246],{},"Situation",[793,1248,1249],{},"Réponse à donner",[800,1251,1252,1260,1268,1276],{},[790,1253,1254,1257],{},[805,1255,1256],{},"« Qui a inventé le Web ? »",[805,1258,1259],{},"Tim Berners-Lee, au CERN, en 1989.",[790,1261,1262,1265],{},[805,1263,1264],{},"« Quels sont les trois piliers techniques du Web ? »",[805,1266,1267],{},"HTML, HTTP, URL.",[790,1269,1270,1273],{},[805,1271,1272],{},"« Pourquoi le Web a-t-il pu se diffuser mondialement ? »",[805,1274,1275],{},"Mise dans le domaine public en 1993.",[790,1277,1278,1281],{},[805,1279,1280],{},"« Quelle différence entre Internet et le Web ? »",[805,1282,1283],{},"Internet = réseau ; Web = application qui s'en sert.",{"title":726,"searchDepth":1036,"depth":1036,"links":1285},[1286,1287,1288,1289,1290],{"id":1070,"depth":1036,"text":1071},{"id":1079,"depth":1036,"text":1080},{"id":1134,"depth":1036,"text":1135},{"id":1211,"depth":1036,"text":1212},{"id":1236,"depth":1036,"text":1237},"Mémo de révision sur les grandes étapes du Web.",{},"\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsb-web\u002Fhistoire-web.memo",[],{"title":1064,"description":1291},"0.snt-2nde\u002Fsb-web\u002F1.histoire-web.memo","Bv0jLQVuvv738nz-34TZHzq45lWyN9RcqGxLYQ-WQk0",{"id":1299,"title":1300,"body":1301,"description":1603,"extension":1049,"meta":1604,"navigation":1056,"path":1605,"seo":1606,"stem":1607,"__hash__":1608},"coursSlides\u002F0.snt-2nde\u002Fsb-web\u002F1.histoire-web.slides.md","Histoire du Web — diapositives",{"type":590,"value":1302,"toc":1601},[1303,1307,1310,1315,1318,1322,1342,1344,1348,1367,1369,1373,1380,1397,1399,1403,1408,1419,1425,1427,1431,1461,1464,1466,1470,1477,1485,1487,1491,1508,1510,1514,1586,1588,1590],[1304,1305,43],"h1",{"id":1306},"histoire-du-web",[598,1308,1309],{},"Du CERN à votre smartphone — trois décennies qui ont changé la vie quotidienne.",[598,1311,1312,1313],{},"SNT Seconde — chapitre Le Web — ",[622,1314],{"code":588},[1316,1317],"hr",{},[1304,1319,1321],{"id":1320},"internet-web","Internet ≠ Web",[639,1323,1324,1329,1335],{},[642,1325,1326,1328],{},[605,1327,15],{}," : le réseau mondial (années 1960-1970).",[642,1330,1331,1334],{},[605,1332,1333],{},"Web"," : une application qui s'appuie sur Internet (années 1989-1990).",[642,1336,1337,1338,1341],{},"Le mail, la visio, les jeux en ligne utilisent Internet ",[605,1339,1340],{},"sans"," utiliser le Web.",[1316,1343],{},[1304,1345,1347],{"id":1346},"le-moment-fondateur-1989","Le moment fondateur : 1989",[639,1349,1350,1358,1361],{},[642,1351,1352,1354,1355,1357],{},[605,1353,739],{},", chercheur britannique au ",[605,1356,1096],{}," (laboratoire européen de physique des particules, Genève).",[642,1359,1360],{},"Il propose un système pour partager des documents entre scientifiques.",[642,1362,1363,1364,1110],{},"Sa hiérarchie répond : ",[689,1365,1366],{},"« vague, mais excitant »",[1316,1368],{},[1304,1370,1372],{"id":1371},"_1990-les-trois-piliers-techniques","1990 : les trois piliers techniques",[1374,1375],"illustration",{"alt":1376,"kind":1377,"src":1378,"svg":1379},"Les trois piliers du Web","mermaid","\u002Fillustrations\u002F0.snt-2nde\u002Fsb-web\u002Fpiliers-web.svg","\u003Csvg id=\"ill-0-snt-2nde-sb-web-piliers-web\" xmlns=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.w3.org\u002F2000\u002Fsvg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.w3.org\u002F1999\u002Fxlink\" class=\"illustration-svg flowchart\" viewBox=\"0 0 269.0122375488281 334\" role=\"graphics-document document\" 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transporter.",[642,1393,1394,1396],{},[605,1395,619],{}," : un système d'adresses pour les localiser.",[1316,1398],{},[1304,1400,1402],{"id":1401},"_1993-la-décision-décisive","1993 : la décision décisive",[598,1404,1405,1406,1110],{},"Le CERN place le Web dans le ",[605,1407,1118],{},[639,1409,1410,1413,1416],{},[642,1411,1412],{},"N'importe qui peut écrire un serveur ou un navigateur.",[642,1414,1415],{},"Pas de licence, pas d'autorisation.",[642,1417,1418],{},"Sans cette décision, le Web serait peut-être resté confidentiel.",[598,1420,1421,1422,1424],{},"La même année : ",[605,1423,766],{},", premier navigateur grand public avec images.",[1316,1426],{},[1304,1428,1430],{"id":1429},"_1994-2000-lexplosion","1994-2000 : 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