[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":3477},["ShallowReactive",2],{"navigation":3,"chapter-cours-nsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info":585,"chapter-index-nsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info":2039,"chapter-memo-nsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info":2122},[4,224,440],{"title":5,"path":6,"stem":7,"children":8},"SNT — Seconde","\u002Fsnt-2nde","0.snt-2nde\u002F0.index",[9,10,14,36,66,92,118,144,162,184,206],{"title":5,"path":6,"stem":7},{"title":11,"path":12,"stem":13},"REVIEW pédagogique — SNT 2nde","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Freview","0.snt-2nde\u002FREVIEW",{"title":15,"path":16,"stem":17,"children":18},"Internet","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsa-internet","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsa-internet\u002F0.index",[19,20,24,28,32],{"title":15,"path":16,"stem":17},{"title":21,"path":22,"stem":23},"Adresses symboliques et DNS","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsa-internet\u002Fadresses-dns","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsa-internet\u002F1.adresses-dns",{"title":25,"path":26,"stem":27},"Internet et les réseaux physiques","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsa-internet\u002Freseaux-physiques","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsa-internet\u002F2.reseaux-physiques",{"title":29,"path":30,"stem":31},"Protocoles TCP\u002FIP et routage des paquets","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsa-internet\u002Ftcp-ip-routage","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsa-internet\u002F3.tcp-ip-routage",{"title":33,"path":34,"stem":35},"Réseaux pair-à-pair","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsa-internet\u002Fpair-a-pair","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsa-internet\u002F4.pair-a-pair",{"title":37,"path":38,"stem":39,"children":40},"Le Web","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsb-web","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsb-web\u002F0.index",[41,42,46,50,54,58,62],{"title":37,"path":38,"stem":39},{"title":43,"path":44,"stem":45},"Histoire du Web","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsb-web\u002Fhistoire-web","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsb-web\u002F1.histoire-web",{"title":47,"path":48,"stem":49},"URL et hypertexte","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsb-web\u002Furl-hypertexte","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsb-web\u002F2.url-hypertexte",{"title":51,"path":52,"stem":53},"HTML et CSS — le contenu et la présentation","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsb-web\u002Fhtml-css","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsb-web\u002F3.html-css",{"title":55,"path":56,"stem":57},"Client-serveur et requêtes HTTP","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsb-web\u002Fclient-serveur-http","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsb-web\u002F4.client-serveur-http",{"title":59,"path":60,"stem":61},"Moteurs de recherche","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsb-web\u002Fmoteurs-recherche","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsb-web\u002F5.moteurs-recherche",{"title":63,"path":64,"stem":65},"Sécurité du navigateur et notions juridiques","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsb-web\u002Fsecurite-droits","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsb-web\u002F6.securite-droits",{"title":67,"path":68,"stem":69,"children":70},"Les réseaux sociaux","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsc-reseaux-sociaux","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsc-reseaux-sociaux\u002F0.index",[71,72,76,80,84,88],{"title":67,"path":68,"stem":69},{"title":73,"path":74,"stem":75},"Panorama des réseaux sociaux","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsc-reseaux-sociaux\u002Fpanorama-rs","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsc-reseaux-sociaux\u002F1.panorama-rs",{"title":77,"path":78,"stem":79},"Identité numérique et authentification","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsc-reseaux-sociaux\u002Fidentite-numerique","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsc-reseaux-sociaux\u002F2.identite-numerique",{"title":81,"path":82,"stem":83},"Le modèle économique des réseaux sociaux","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsc-reseaux-sociaux\u002Fmodele-economique","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsc-reseaux-sociaux\u002F3.modele-economique",{"title":85,"path":86,"stem":87},"Petit monde et graphes","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsc-reseaux-sociaux\u002Fpetit-monde-graphes","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsc-reseaux-sociaux\u002F4.petit-monde-graphes",{"title":89,"path":90,"stem":91},"La cyberviolence","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsc-reseaux-sociaux\u002Fcyberviolence","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsc-reseaux-sociaux\u002F5.cyberviolence",{"title":93,"path":94,"stem":95,"children":96},"Les données structurées et leur traitement","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsd-donnees-structurees","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsd-donnees-structurees\u002F0.index",[97,98,102,106,110,114],{"title":93,"path":94,"stem":95},{"title":99,"path":100,"stem":101},"Données et formats","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsd-donnees-structurees\u002Fdonnees-formats","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsd-donnees-structurees\u002F1.donnees-formats",{"title":103,"path":104,"stem":105},"Données structurées","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsd-donnees-structurees\u002Fdonnees-structurees","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsd-donnees-structurees\u002F2.donnees-structurees",{"title":107,"path":108,"stem":109},"Métadonnées","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsd-donnees-structurees\u002Fmetadonnees","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsd-donnees-structurees\u002F3.metadonnees",{"title":111,"path":112,"stem":113},"Traitement de tables","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsd-donnees-structurees\u002Ftraitement-tables","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsd-donnees-structurees\u002F4.traitement-tables",{"title":115,"path":116,"stem":117},"Le cloud","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsd-donnees-structurees\u002Fcloud","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsd-donnees-structurees\u002F5.cloud",{"title":119,"path":120,"stem":121,"children":122},"Localisation, cartographie et mobilité","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fse-localisation-cartographie","0.snt-2nde\u002Fse-localisation-cartographie\u002F0.index",[123,124,128,132,136,140],{"title":119,"path":120,"stem":121},{"title":125,"path":126,"stem":127},"GPS et Galileo — se situer grâce aux satellites","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fse-localisation-cartographie\u002Fgps-galileo","0.snt-2nde\u002Fse-localisation-cartographie\u002F1.gps-galileo",{"title":129,"path":130,"stem":131},"Décoder une trame NMEA","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fse-localisation-cartographie\u002Ftrame-nmea","0.snt-2nde\u002Fse-localisation-cartographie\u002F2.trame-nmea",{"title":133,"path":134,"stem":135},"Cartes numériques — GeoPortail et OpenStreetMap","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fse-localisation-cartographie\u002Fcartes-numeriques","0.snt-2nde\u002Fse-localisation-cartographie\u002F3.cartes-numeriques",{"title":137,"path":138,"stem":139},"Itinéraires et graphes","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fse-localisation-cartographie\u002Fitineraires-graphes","0.snt-2nde\u002Fse-localisation-cartographie\u002F4.itineraires-graphes",{"title":141,"path":142,"stem":143},"Confidentialité de la position","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fse-localisation-cartographie\u002Fconfidentialite-position","0.snt-2nde\u002Fse-localisation-cartographie\u002F5.confidentialite-position",{"title":145,"path":146,"stem":147,"children":148},"Informatique embarquée et objets connectés","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsf-info-embarquee","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsf-info-embarquee\u002F0.index",[149,150,154,158],{"title":145,"path":146,"stem":147},{"title":151,"path":152,"stem":153},"Systèmes informatiques embarqués","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsf-info-embarquee\u002Fsystemes-embarques","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsf-info-embarquee\u002F1.systemes-embarques",{"title":155,"path":156,"stem":157},"Capteurs et actionneurs","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsf-info-embarquee\u002Fcapteurs-actionneurs","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsf-info-embarquee\u002F2.capteurs-actionneurs",{"title":159,"path":160,"stem":161},"IHM et objets connectés","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsf-info-embarquee\u002Fihm-objet-connecte","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsf-info-embarquee\u002F3.ihm-objet-connecte",{"title":163,"path":164,"stem":165,"children":166},"Photographie numérique","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsg-photo-numerique","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsg-photo-numerique\u002F0.index",[167,168,172,176,180],{"title":163,"path":164,"stem":165},{"title":169,"path":170,"stem":171},"Photosites, pixels et résolution","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsg-photo-numerique\u002Fpixels-resolution","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsg-photo-numerique\u002F1.pixels-resolution",{"title":173,"path":174,"stem":175},"Les algorithmes de l'appareil photo","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsg-photo-numerique\u002Falgorithmes-photo","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsg-photo-numerique\u002F2.algorithmes-photo",{"title":177,"path":178,"stem":179},"Les métadonnées EXIF","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsg-photo-numerique\u002Fmetadonnees-exif","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsg-photo-numerique\u002F3.metadonnees-exif",{"title":181,"path":182,"stem":183},"Traiter une image en Python","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsg-photo-numerique\u002Ftraitement-rgb","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsg-photo-numerique\u002F4.traitement-rgb",{"title":185,"path":186,"stem":187,"children":188},"Notions transversales de programmation","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsh-prog-notions","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsh-prog-notions\u002F0.index",[189,190,194,198,202],{"title":185,"path":186,"stem":187},{"title":191,"path":192,"stem":193},"Séquences d'instructions et variables","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsh-prog-notions\u002Fsequences-affectations","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsh-prog-notions\u002F1.sequences-affectations",{"title":195,"path":196,"stem":197},"Instructions conditionnelles","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsh-prog-notions\u002Fconditionnelles","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsh-prog-notions\u002F2.conditionnelles",{"title":199,"path":200,"stem":201},"Boucles bornées et non bornées","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsh-prog-notions\u002Fboucles","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsh-prog-notions\u002F3.boucles",{"title":203,"path":204,"stem":205},"Définitions et appels de fonctions","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fsh-prog-notions\u002Ffonctions","0.snt-2nde\u002Fsh-prog-notions\u002F4.fonctions",{"title":207,"path":208,"stem":209,"children":210},"Démo des widgets MDC","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fzz-demo-widgets","0.snt-2nde\u002Fzz-demo-widgets\u002F0.index",[211,212,216,220],{"title":207,"path":208,"stem":209},{"title":213,"path":214,"stem":215},"Démo statique — callouts, code, BO, illustration","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fzz-demo-widgets\u002Fstatique","0.snt-2nde\u002Fzz-demo-widgets\u002F1.statique",{"title":217,"path":218,"stem":219},"Démo interactive — self-eval et python-snippet","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fzz-demo-widgets\u002Finteractif","0.snt-2nde\u002Fzz-demo-widgets\u002F2.interactif",{"title":221,"path":222,"stem":223},"Démo · 14 widgets de manipulation NSI","\u002Fsnt-2nde\u002Fzz-demo-widgets\u002Fwidgets-manipulation","0.snt-2nde\u002Fzz-demo-widgets\u002F3.widgets-manipulation",{"title":225,"path":226,"stem":227,"children":228},"NSI — Première","\u002Fnsi-1ere","1.nsi-1ere\u002F0.index",[229,230,234,256,282,304,328,354,380,410],{"title":225,"path":226,"stem":227},{"title":231,"path":232,"stem":233},"Relecture pédagogique — 8 chapitres NSI 1ère (PA → PH)","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Freview","1.nsi-1ere\u002FREVIEW",{"title":235,"path":236,"stem":237,"children":238},"Histoire de l'informatique","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002F0.index",[239,240,244,248,252],{"title":235,"path":236,"stem":237},{"title":241,"path":242,"stem":243},"De la préantiquité aux machines à calculer","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002Fpreantiquite-aux-machines","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002F1.preantiquite-aux-machines",{"title":245,"path":246,"stem":247},"La machine universelle (1930-1950)","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002Fmachine-universelle","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002F2.machine-universelle",{"title":249,"path":250,"stem":251},"Les ordinateurs modernes (1947-1990)","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002Fordinateurs-modernes","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002F3.ordinateurs-modernes",{"title":253,"path":254,"stem":255},"Réseaux, Web et IA (1969 à aujourd'hui)","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002Freseaux-et-web","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002F4.reseaux-et-web",{"title":257,"path":258,"stem":259,"children":260},"Représentation des données — types et valeurs","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpb-types-valeurs","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpb-types-valeurs\u002F0.index",[261,262,266,270,274,278],{"title":257,"path":258,"stem":259},{"title":263,"path":264,"stem":265},"Bases de numération et entiers positifs","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpb-types-valeurs\u002Fbases-entiers-positifs","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpb-types-valeurs\u002F1.bases-entiers-positifs",{"title":267,"path":268,"stem":269},"Entiers relatifs et complément à deux","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpb-types-valeurs\u002Fentiers-relatifs","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpb-types-valeurs\u002F2.entiers-relatifs",{"title":271,"path":272,"stem":273},"Nombres flottants et virgule flottante","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpb-types-valeurs\u002Fflottants","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpb-types-valeurs\u002F3.flottants",{"title":275,"path":276,"stem":277},"Textes et encodages — ASCII, ISO-8859-1, Unicode","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpb-types-valeurs\u002Ftextes-encodages","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpb-types-valeurs\u002F4.textes-encodages",{"title":279,"path":280,"stem":281},"Valeurs booléennes et opérateurs logiques","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpb-types-valeurs\u002Fbooleens","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpb-types-valeurs\u002F5.booleens",{"title":283,"path":284,"stem":285,"children":286},"Représentation des données : types construits","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpc-types-construits","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpc-types-construits\u002F0.index",[287,288,292,296,300],{"title":283,"path":284,"stem":285},{"title":289,"path":290,"stem":291},"Tableaux et listes","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpc-types-construits\u002Ftableaux-listes","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpc-types-construits\u002F1.tableaux-listes",{"title":293,"path":294,"stem":295},"Listes en compréhension","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpc-types-construits\u002Fcomprehension","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpc-types-construits\u002F2.comprehension",{"title":297,"path":298,"stem":299},"Tuples et p-uplets nommés","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpc-types-construits\u002Ftuples","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpc-types-construits\u002F3.tuples",{"title":301,"path":302,"stem":303},"Dictionnaires","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpc-types-construits\u002Fdictionnaires","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpc-types-construits\u002F4.dictionnaires",{"title":305,"path":306,"stem":307,"children":308},"Traitement de données en tables","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpd-tables-donnees","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpd-tables-donnees\u002F0.index",[309,310,314,318,322],{"title":305,"path":306,"stem":307},{"title":311,"path":312,"stem":313},"Tables et CSV","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpd-tables-donnees\u002Ftables-csv","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpd-tables-donnees\u002F1.tables-csv",{"title":315,"path":316,"stem":317},"Recherche et filtrage","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpd-tables-donnees\u002Frecherche","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpd-tables-donnees\u002F2.recherche",{"title":319,"path":320,"stem":321},"Trier une table","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpd-tables-donnees\u002Ftri","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpd-tables-donnees\u002F3.tri",{"title":323,"path":324,"stem":325,"children":326},"Fusion et indexation","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpd-tables-donnees\u002Ffusion-indexation","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpd-tables-donnees\u002F4.fusion-indexation",[327],{"title":323,"path":324,"stem":325},{"title":329,"path":330,"stem":331,"children":332},"IHM sur le Web","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpe-ihm-web","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpe-ihm-web\u002F0.index",[333,334,338,342,346,350],{"title":329,"path":330,"stem":331},{"title":335,"path":336,"stem":337},"HTML et CSS — rappel de structure","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpe-ihm-web\u002Fhtml-css-bases","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpe-ihm-web\u002F1.html-css-bases",{"title":339,"path":340,"stem":341},"Formulaires HTML","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpe-ihm-web\u002Fformulaires","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpe-ihm-web\u002F2.formulaires",{"title":343,"path":344,"stem":345},"Événements JavaScript","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpe-ihm-web\u002Fevenements-js","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpe-ihm-web\u002F3.evenements-js",{"title":347,"path":348,"stem":349},"Manipulation du DOM","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpe-ihm-web\u002Fdom-interaction","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpe-ihm-web\u002F4.dom-interaction",{"title":351,"path":352,"stem":353},"Client, serveur et HTTP","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpe-ihm-web\u002Fclient-serveur-http","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpe-ihm-web\u002F5.client-serveur-http",{"title":355,"path":356,"stem":357,"children":358},"Architectures matérielles et systèmes d'exploitation","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpf-archi-os","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpf-archi-os\u002F0.index",[359,360,364,368,372,376],{"title":355,"path":356,"stem":357},{"title":361,"path":362,"stem":363},"Le modèle de von Neumann","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpf-archi-os\u002Fvon-neumann","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpf-archi-os\u002F1.von-neumann",{"title":365,"path":366,"stem":367},"Périphériques et interface homme-machine","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpf-archi-os\u002Fperipheriques-ihm","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpf-archi-os\u002F2.peripheriques-ihm",{"title":369,"path":370,"stem":371},"Les systèmes d'exploitation","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpf-archi-os\u002Fsystemes-exploitation","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpf-archi-os\u002F3.systemes-exploitation",{"title":373,"path":374,"stem":375},"Linux et le shell","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpf-archi-os\u002Flinux-shell","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpf-archi-os\u002F4.linux-shell",{"title":377,"path":378,"stem":379},"Réseaux et protocoles","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpf-archi-os\u002Freseaux","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpf-archi-os\u002F5.reseaux",{"title":381,"path":382,"stem":383,"children":384},"Langages et programmation","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpg-langages-prog","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpg-langages-prog\u002F0.index",[385,386,390,394,398,402,406],{"title":381,"path":382,"stem":383},{"title":387,"path":388,"stem":389},"Diversité et unité des langages de programmation","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpg-langages-prog\u002Fdiversite-langages","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpg-langages-prog\u002F1.diversite-langages",{"title":391,"path":392,"stem":393},"Constructions élémentaires","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpg-langages-prog\u002Fconstructions-elementaires","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpg-langages-prog\u002F2.constructions-elementaires",{"title":395,"path":396,"stem":397},"Fonctions","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpg-langages-prog\u002Ffonctions","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpg-langages-prog\u002F3.fonctions",{"title":399,"path":400,"stem":401},"Spécification d'une fonction","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpg-langages-prog\u002Fspecification","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpg-langages-prog\u002F4.specification",{"title":403,"path":404,"stem":405},"Mise au point des programmes","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpg-langages-prog\u002Fmise-au-point","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpg-langages-prog\u002F5.mise-au-point",{"title":407,"path":408,"stem":409},"Utilisation de bibliothèques","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpg-langages-prog\u002Fbibliotheques","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpg-langages-prog\u002F6.bibliotheques",{"title":411,"path":412,"stem":413,"children":414},"Algorithmique","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fph-algorithmique","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fph-algorithmique\u002F0.index",[415,416,420,424,428,432,436],{"title":411,"path":412,"stem":413},{"title":417,"path":418,"stem":419},"Parcours séquentiel d'un tableau","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fph-algorithmique\u002Fparcours-sequentiel","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fph-algorithmique\u002F1.parcours-sequentiel",{"title":421,"path":422,"stem":423},"Bases de la complexité","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fph-algorithmique\u002Fcomplexite-bases","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fph-algorithmique\u002F2.complexite-bases",{"title":425,"path":426,"stem":427},"Tris par sélection et par insertion","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fph-algorithmique\u002Ftris","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fph-algorithmique\u002F3.tris",{"title":429,"path":430,"stem":431},"Recherche dichotomique","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fph-algorithmique\u002Fdichotomie","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fph-algorithmique\u002F4.dichotomie",{"title":433,"path":434,"stem":435},"Algorithmes gloutons","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fph-algorithmique\u002Fgloutons","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fph-algorithmique\u002F5.gloutons",{"title":437,"path":438,"stem":439},"Les k plus proches voisins (k-NN)","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fph-algorithmique\u002Fknn","1.nsi-1ere\u002Fph-algorithmique\u002F6.knn",{"title":441,"path":442,"stem":443,"children":444},"NSI — Terminale","\u002Fnsi-tale","2.nsi-tale\u002F0.index",[445,446,450,476,498,536,560],{"title":441,"path":442,"stem":443},{"title":447,"path":448,"stem":449},"Review pédagogique — chapitres NSI Terminale (TA, TB, TC, TD, TE)","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Freview","2.nsi-tale\u002FREVIEW",{"title":451,"path":452,"stem":453,"children":454},"Structures de données","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Fta-structures-donnees","2.nsi-tale\u002Fta-structures-donnees\u002F0.index",[455,456,460,464,468,472],{"title":451,"path":452,"stem":453},{"title":457,"path":458,"stem":459},"Objet, classe, interface","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Fta-structures-donnees\u002Finterface-implementation","2.nsi-tale\u002Fta-structures-donnees\u002F1.interface-implementation",{"title":461,"path":462,"stem":463},"Implémenter une structure — l'exemple de la file FIFO","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Fta-structures-donnees\u002Fimplementer-une-structure","2.nsi-tale\u002Fta-structures-donnees\u002F2.implementer-une-structure",{"title":465,"path":466,"stem":467},"Listes, piles, files, dictionnaires","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Fta-structures-donnees\u002Flistes-piles-files-dict","2.nsi-tale\u002Fta-structures-donnees\u002F3.listes-piles-files-dict",{"title":469,"path":470,"stem":471},"Arbres binaires","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Fta-structures-donnees\u002Farbres-binaires","2.nsi-tale\u002Fta-structures-donnees\u002F4.arbres-binaires",{"title":473,"path":474,"stem":475},"Graphes","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Fta-structures-donnees\u002Fgraphes","2.nsi-tale\u002Fta-structures-donnees\u002F5.graphes",{"title":477,"path":478,"stem":479,"children":480},"Bases de données","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftb-bases-de-donnees","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftb-bases-de-donnees\u002F0.index",[481,482,486,490,494],{"title":477,"path":478,"stem":479},{"title":483,"path":484,"stem":485},"Le modèle relationnel","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftb-bases-de-donnees\u002Fmodele-relationnel","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftb-bases-de-donnees\u002F1.modele-relationnel",{"title":487,"path":488,"stem":489},"Bases de données relationnelles et anomalies de schéma","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftb-bases-de-donnees\u002Fbase-relationnelle","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftb-bases-de-donnees\u002F2.base-relationnelle",{"title":491,"path":492,"stem":493},"Le langage SQL","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftb-bases-de-donnees\u002Fsql","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftb-bases-de-donnees\u002F3.sql",{"title":495,"path":496,"stem":497},"Les systèmes de gestion de bases de données","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftb-bases-de-donnees\u002Fsgbd","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftb-bases-de-donnees\u002F4.sgbd",{"title":499,"path":500,"stem":501,"children":502},"Architectures matérielles, systèmes d'exploitation et réseaux","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux\u002F0.index",[503,504,508,512,516,520,524,528,532],{"title":499,"path":500,"stem":501},{"title":505,"path":506,"stem":507},"Le système sur puce (SoC)","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux\u002Fsysteme-sur-puce","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux\u002F1.systeme-sur-puce",{"title":509,"path":510,"stem":511},"Processus et ordonnancement par l'OS","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux\u002Fprocessus-os","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux\u002F2.processus-os",{"title":513,"path":514,"stem":515},"L'interblocage (deadlock)","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux\u002Finterblocage","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux\u002F3.interblocage",{"title":517,"path":518,"stem":519},"Principes du routage","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux\u002Froutage-principes","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux\u002F4.routage-principes",{"title":521,"path":522,"stem":523},"Protocoles de routage RIP et OSPF","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux\u002Fprotocoles-rip-ospf","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux\u002F5.protocoles-rip-ospf",{"title":525,"path":526,"stem":527},"Chiffrement symétrique","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux\u002Fchiffrement-symetrique","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux\u002F6.chiffrement-symetrique",{"title":529,"path":530,"stem":531},"Chiffrement asymétrique","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux\u002Fchiffrement-asymetrique","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux\u002F7.chiffrement-asymetrique",{"title":533,"path":534,"stem":535},"HTTPS — l'échange de clé symétrique","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux\u002Fhttps-tls","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftc-archi-os-reseaux\u002F8.https-tls",{"title":381,"path":537,"stem":538,"children":539},"\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftd-langages-prog","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftd-langages-prog\u002F0.index",[540,541,544,548,552,556],{"title":381,"path":537,"stem":538},{"title":403,"path":542,"stem":543},"\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftd-langages-prog\u002Fmise-au-point","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftd-langages-prog\u002F1.mise-au-point",{"title":545,"path":546,"stem":547},"Modularité","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftd-langages-prog\u002Fmodularite","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftd-langages-prog\u002F2.modularite",{"title":549,"path":550,"stem":551},"Récursivité","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftd-langages-prog\u002Frecursivite","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftd-langages-prog\u002F3.recursivite",{"title":553,"path":554,"stem":555},"Paradigmes de programmation","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftd-langages-prog\u002Fparadigmes","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftd-langages-prog\u002F4.paradigmes",{"title":557,"path":558,"stem":559},"Programme comme donnée — calculabilité et indécidabilité","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Ftd-langages-prog\u002Fprogramme-comme-donnee","2.nsi-tale\u002Ftd-langages-prog\u002F5.programme-comme-donnee",{"title":411,"path":561,"stem":562,"children":563},"\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Fte-algorithmique","2.nsi-tale\u002Fte-algorithmique\u002F0.index",[564,565,569,573,577,581],{"title":411,"path":561,"stem":562},{"title":566,"path":567,"stem":568},"Algorithmes sur les arbres binaires","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Fte-algorithmique\u002Farbres-binaires-algos","2.nsi-tale\u002Fte-algorithmique\u002F1.arbres-binaires-algos",{"title":570,"path":571,"stem":572},"Parcours de graphes — DFS, BFS, cycles, chemins","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Fte-algorithmique\u002Fgraphes-parcours","2.nsi-tale\u002Fte-algorithmique\u002F2.graphes-parcours",{"title":574,"path":575,"stem":576},"Diviser pour régner","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Fte-algorithmique\u002Fdiviser-pour-regner","2.nsi-tale\u002Fte-algorithmique\u002F3.diviser-pour-regner",{"title":578,"path":579,"stem":580},"Programmation dynamique","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Fte-algorithmique\u002Fprogrammation-dynamique","2.nsi-tale\u002Fte-algorithmique\u002F4.programmation-dynamique",{"title":582,"path":583,"stem":584},"Recherche textuelle — l'algorithme de Boyer-Moore","\u002Fnsi-tale\u002Fte-algorithmique\u002Frecherche-textuelle","2.nsi-tale\u002Fte-algorithmique\u002F5.recherche-textuelle",[586,963,1309,1684],{"id":587,"title":241,"bo":588,"body":590,"description":948,"eval":949,"extension":950,"labo":949,"meta":951,"navigation":952,"path":242,"quizzes":953,"readingTime":960,"seo":961,"stem":243,"tp":949,"__hash__":962},"cours\u002F1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002F1.preantiquite-aux-machines.md",[589],"PA01",{"type":591,"value":592,"toc":939},"minimark",[593,598,611,614,618,629,635,646,659,686,690,709,713,728,781,791,795,810,825,837,858,862,889,893,908,924,928],[594,595,597],"h2",{"id":596},"introduction","Introduction",[599,600,601,602,606,607,610],"p",{},"Bien avant l'apparition du mot « ordinateur », les civilisations ont cherché à\n",[603,604,605],"strong",{},"décharger l'esprit humain du calcul répétitif",". L'histoire de\nl'informatique commence donc bien plus tôt qu'on ne le croit : trois mille ans\navant notre ère, les marchands de Mésopotamie posent déjà des cailloux sur des\nabaques. De ces premiers gestes au 19e siècle, le fil rouge est constant —\n",[603,608,609],{},"confier à un objet matériel ce qui pèse à la pensée",". Ce cours retrace\nquatre jalons : le boulier, la pascaline, le métier Jacquard et la machine\nanalytique de Babbage, qui prépare à elle seule l'informatique moderne.",[612,613],"bo-ref",{"code":589},[594,615,617],{"id":616},"compter-avant-décrire-labaque-et-le-boulier","Compter avant d'écrire : l'abaque et le boulier",[599,619,620,621,624,625,628],{},"L'",[603,622,623],{},"abaque"," (vers -2700 en Mésopotamie) est sans doute la première\ntechnologie de calcul. Sur une planche divisée en colonnes, on déplace des\njetons ou des perles pour représenter unités, dizaines, centaines. Les\nRomains, puis les Chinois et les Japonais, en feront évoluer la forme — le\n",[603,626,627],{},"boulier"," chinois, avec ses tiges et ses boules coulissantes, en est l'avatar\nle plus connu. Encore aujourd'hui, un opérateur entraîné rivalise avec une\ncalculatrice de poche pour des additions à plusieurs chiffres.",[630,631],"illustration",{"alt":632,"kind":633,"prompt":634},"Boulier chinois traditionnel","photo","Boulier chinois ancien à dix tiges, vue de trois quarts, fond sobre",[599,636,637,638,641,642,645],{},"Le boulier n'est pas un automate : il ",[603,639,640],{},"assiste"," un humain qui actionne les\nperles. Mais il introduit une idée cruciale — la ",[603,643,644],{},"représentation positionnelle\ndes nombres",". Chaque colonne porte une puissance de la base utilisée. Sans\ncette idée, aucune machine à calculer ultérieure ne pourrait fonctionner.",[647,648,649],"note",{},[599,650,651,654,655,658],{},[603,652,653],{},"À retenir"," : le boulier est un ",[603,656,657],{},"outil de calcul",", pas une machine\nautonome. Il préfigure cependant deux concepts essentiels — la numération\npositionnelle et la matérialisation des nombres par des objets discrets.",[660,661,664,671],"self-eval-qcm",{"correct":662,"slug":663},"1","preantiquite-aux-machines-c1",[665,666,668],"template",{"v-slot:question":667},"",[599,669,670],{},"Quel concept fondamental est introduit par le boulier ?",[665,672,673],{"v-slot:choices":667},[674,675,676,680,683],"ul",{},[677,678,679],"li",{},"Le calcul flottant",[677,681,682],{},"La numération positionnelle",[677,684,685],{},"La machine universelle",[594,687,689],{"id":688},"la-pascaline-1642-et-le-calculateur-de-leibniz-1673","La pascaline (1642) et le calculateur de Leibniz (1673)",[599,691,692,693,696,697,700,701,704,705,708],{},"Au 17e siècle, l'arithmétique cesse d'être un simple jeu de jetons et devient\n",[603,694,695],{},"mécanique",". À 19 ans, ",[603,698,699],{},"Blaise Pascal"," invente la ",[603,702,703],{},"pascaline"," pour\naider son père, collecteur d'impôts en Normandie. Sous une boîte de bois, des\nroues dentées s'engrènent : tourner la roue des unités au-delà de 9 fait\navancer automatiquement la roue des dizaines. C'est la première fois qu'une\n",[603,706,707],{},"retenue se propage toute seule",", sans intervention humaine.",[630,710],{"alt":711,"kind":633,"prompt":712},"Pascaline de Blaise Pascal","Pascaline du XVIIe siècle, boîtier en bois et laiton, série de cadrans circulaires alignés",[599,714,715,716,719,720,723,724,727],{},"Trente ans plus tard, ",[603,717,718],{},"Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz"," complète l'invention avec\nsa ",[603,721,722],{},"machine arithmétique"," capable de multiplier et diviser, grâce à un\ntambour cylindrique dit « à dents inégales ». Leibniz est aussi le premier à\ndéfendre publiquement l'usage du ",[603,725,726],{},"système binaire"," pour les machines — une\nintuition qui ne sera pleinement exploitée qu'au 20e siècle.",[729,730,731,750],"table",{},[732,733,734],"thead",{},[735,736,737,741,744,747],"tr",{},[738,739,740],"th",{},"Machine",[738,742,743],{},"Année",[738,745,746],{},"Inventeur",[738,748,749],{},"Opérations",[751,752,753,767],"tbody",{},[735,754,755,759,762,764],{},[756,757,758],"td",{},"Pascaline",[756,760,761],{},"1642",[756,763,699],{},[756,765,766],{},"Addition, soustraction",[735,768,769,772,775,778],{},[756,770,771],{},"Calculateur",[756,773,774],{},"1673",[756,776,777],{},"Leibniz",[756,779,780],{},"+ soustraction, multiplication, division",[782,783,784],"tip",{},[599,785,786,787,790],{},"Comparer ces deux machines à une calculatrice de poche n'est pas exagéré : la\npascaline est l'",[603,788,789],{},"ancêtre direct"," des additionneuses mécaniques de bureau qui\nont équipé les comptables jusque dans les années 1970.",[594,792,794],{"id":793},"le-métier-jacquard-1801-programmer-une-machine","Le métier Jacquard (1801) : programmer une machine",[599,796,797,798,801,802,805,806,809],{},"L'étape suivante n'a, en apparence, rien à voir avec le calcul — elle vient du\n",[603,799,800],{},"tissage",". En 1801, ",[603,803,804],{},"Joseph Marie Jacquard"," présente à Lyon un métier\nà tisser piloté par un ",[603,807,808],{},"chapelet de cartes perforées",". Chaque carte décrit\nune rangée du motif à tisser : là où la carte est trouée, un fil passe ; là\noù elle est pleine, le fil est bloqué.",[599,811,812,813,816,817,820,821,824],{},"L'idée est révolutionnaire. La même machine peut désormais tisser ",[603,814,815],{},"n'importe\nquel motif"," simplement en changeant le jeu de cartes. La séparation entre la\n",[603,818,819],{},"machine"," (le métier) et le ",[603,822,823],{},"programme"," (la pile de cartes) est posée\npour la première fois.",[647,826,827],{},[599,828,829,832,833,836],{},[603,830,831],{},"Première séparation matériel\u002Flogiciel"," : avec Jacquard, le comportement de\nla machine ne dépend plus de sa fabrication mais d'un ",[603,834,835],{},"support amovible",".\nCette dualité est le cœur de l'informatique moderne.",[660,838,840,845],{"correct":662,"slug":839},"preantiquite-aux-machines-c2",[665,841,842],{"v-slot:question":667},[599,843,844],{},"Quelle séparation conceptuelle Jacquard introduit-il ?",[665,846,847],{"v-slot:choices":667},[674,848,849,852,855],{},[677,850,851],{},"Mémoire\u002Fdisque dur",[677,853,854],{},"Machine\u002Fprogramme",[677,856,857],{},"Entrée\u002Fsortie",[594,859,861],{"id":860},"babbage-et-lovelace-lordinateur-avant-lélectronique","Babbage et Lovelace : l'ordinateur avant l'électronique",[599,863,864,865,868,869,872,873,876,877,880,881,884,885,888],{},"En 1837, le mathématicien anglais ",[603,866,867],{},"Charles Babbage"," conçoit la ",[603,870,871],{},"machine\nanalytique"," — un calculateur mécanique programmable par cartes perforées,\ndoté d'une ",[603,874,875],{},"unité de calcul"," (le « moulin »), d'une ",[603,878,879],{},"mémoire"," (le\n« magasin »), d'une ",[603,882,883],{},"entrée"," (les cartes) et d'une ",[603,886,887],{},"sortie"," (impression).\nTous les ingrédients d'un ordinateur sont là, un siècle avant l'ENIAC.",[630,890],{"alt":891,"kind":633,"prompt":892},"Machine analytique de Babbage","Maquette en laiton et acier de la machine analytique de Babbage, exposition au Science Museum",[599,894,895,896,899,900,903,904,907],{},"La machine ne sera jamais construite intégralement du vivant de Babbage —\ntrop coûteuse, trop complexe pour les techniques de l'époque. Mais sa\ncollaboratrice ",[603,897,898],{},"Ada Lovelace",", fille du poète Byron, rédige en 1843 ce\nqu'on considère comme le ",[603,901,902],{},"premier programme"," de l'histoire : un algorithme\ndestiné à calculer les nombres de Bernoulli sur la machine analytique. Plus\nremarquable encore, elle entrevoit que la machine pourrait manipuler ",[603,905,906],{},"autre\nchose que des nombres"," — sons, lettres, symboles — pourvu qu'on sache les\nencoder.",[909,910,913],"card",{"icon":911,"title":912},"i-lucide-sparkles","Ada Lovelace, première programmeuse",[599,914,915,916,919,920,923],{},"Lovelace anticipe deux idées qui structureront toute l'informatique du 20e\nsiècle : la ",[603,917,918],{},"généralité symbolique"," (une machine ne manipule pas seulement\ndes nombres) et la ",[603,921,922],{},"distinction entre données et programme",".",[594,925,927],{"id":926},"pour-aller-plus-loin","Pour aller plus loin",[599,929,930,931,934,935,938],{},"Le 19e siècle voit aussi naître les ",[603,932,933],{},"machines de Hollerith"," (1890), qui\nmécanisent le recensement américain en lisant des cartes perforées. La société\nfondée par Hollerith deviendra plus tard… ",[603,936,937],{},"IBM",". Le fil entre Jacquard,\nBabbage et l'industrie informatique du 20e siècle est ainsi continu, même si\nle passage à l'électronique attendra encore quelques décennies — c'est l'objet\ndu prochain cours.",{"title":667,"searchDepth":940,"depth":940,"links":941},2,[942,943,944,945,946,947],{"id":596,"depth":940,"text":597},{"id":616,"depth":940,"text":617},{"id":688,"depth":940,"text":689},{"id":793,"depth":940,"text":794},{"id":860,"depth":940,"text":861},{"id":926,"depth":940,"text":927},"Du boulier à la machine analytique de Babbage, comment l'humanité a progressivement mécanisé le calcul arithmétique.",null,"md",{},true,[954,958],{"slug":663,"kind":955,"question":670,"choices":956,"correct":662,"multi":957,"explanation":667},"qcm",[679,682,685],false,{"slug":839,"kind":955,"question":844,"choices":959,"correct":662,"multi":957,"explanation":667},[851,854,857],1,{"title":241,"description":948},"oQheflPPuF77R9-Y75DsCdZctGqdi3t9Ebch9TMIkww",{"id":964,"title":245,"bo":965,"body":966,"description":1300,"eval":949,"extension":950,"labo":949,"meta":1301,"navigation":952,"path":246,"quizzes":1302,"readingTime":960,"seo":1307,"stem":247,"tp":949,"__hash__":1308},"cours\u002F1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002F2.machine-universelle.md",[589],{"type":591,"value":967,"toc":1292},[968,970,987,991,1010,1014,1025,1043,1064,1068,1091,1098,1111,1115,1130,1144,1148,1157,1161,1176,1182,1240,1254,1275,1277],[594,969,597],{"id":596},[599,971,972,973,976,977,980,981,984,985],{},"Au tournant des années 1930, deux questions très différentes convergent vers\nla même réponse. D'un côté, des ",[603,974,975],{},"logiciens"," — Alan Turing, Alonzo Church,\nKurt Gödel — cherchent à savoir ce qu'une machine peut, en principe, calculer.\nDe l'autre, des ",[603,978,979],{},"ingénieurs"," soumis à l'urgence militaire de la Seconde\nGuerre mondiale tentent de casser des codes ennemis ou de calculer des tables\nde tir. La rencontre de ces deux mouvements donne naissance, entre 1936 et\n1945, à la ",[603,982,983],{},"machine universelle programmable"," — l'ordinateur tel que nous\nle connaissons. ",[612,986],{"code":589},[594,988,990],{"id":989},"la-machine-de-turing-1936","La machine de Turing (1936)",[599,992,993,994,997,998,1002,1003,1006,1007,923],{},"Le mathématicien anglais ",[603,995,996],{},"Alan Turing"," publie en 1936 un article intitulé\n",[999,1000,1001],"em",{},"On Computable Numbers",". Pour répondre à une question abstraite — quels\nproblèmes mathématiques peuvent être résolus par un procédé mécanique ? —\nil imagine une machine fictive : un ruban infini divisé en cases, une tête de\nlecture\u002Fécriture qui se déplace, et un petit jeu de règles. Cette construction\nimaginaire, qu'on appellera ",[603,1004,1005],{},"machine de Turing",", est en réalité un modèle\n",[603,1008,1009],{},"théorique de tout ce qui est calculable",[630,1011],{"alt":1012,"kind":633,"prompt":1013},"Alan Turing, mathématicien britannique","Portrait noir et blanc d'Alan Turing jeune, lunettes rondes, tenue de cricket, années 1930",[599,1015,1016,1017,1020,1021,1024],{},"L'intuition fondamentale de Turing tient en une phrase : ",[603,1018,1019],{},"une seule machine,\ncorrectement programmée, peut simuler n'importe quelle autre machine de\ncalcul",". C'est le concept de ",[603,1022,1023],{},"machine universelle"," — une machine généraliste\nqui contient en elle toutes les machines spécialisées possibles.",[647,1026,1027],{},[599,1028,1029,1031,1032,1035,1036,1039,1040,923],{},[603,1030,653],{}," : la machine de Turing n'est pas un objet physique mais un\n",[603,1033,1034],{},"modèle mathématique",". Elle permet de définir précisément ce qu'est un\n",[603,1037,1038],{},"algorithme"," et ce qui est ",[603,1041,1042],{},"calculable",[660,1044,1046,1051],{"correct":662,"slug":1045},"machine-universelle-c1",[665,1047,1048],{"v-slot:question":667},[599,1049,1050],{},"Qu'est-ce qu'une machine de Turing ?",[665,1052,1053],{"v-slot:choices":667},[674,1054,1055,1058,1061],{},[677,1056,1057],{},"Un ordinateur des années 1940",[677,1059,1060],{},"Un modèle théorique de calcul",[677,1062,1063],{},"Un dispositif de chiffrement militaire",[594,1065,1067],{"id":1066},"colossus-et-bletchley-park-1943-1945","Colossus et Bletchley Park (1943-1945)",[599,1069,1070,1071,1074,1075,1078,1079,1082,1083,1086,1087,1090],{},"Pendant la guerre, Turing travaille à ",[603,1072,1073],{},"Bletchley Park",", le centre britannique\nde cryptanalyse. Son équipe conçoit la ",[603,1076,1077],{},"Bombe",", une machine\nélectromécanique capable de chercher les réglages quotidiens de la machine de\nchiffrement allemande ",[603,1080,1081],{},"Enigma",". En 1943, l'ingénieur ",[603,1084,1085],{},"Tommy Flowers","\nconstruit ",[603,1088,1089],{},"Colossus",", considéré comme le premier ordinateur électronique\nprogrammable au monde — il sert à casser le chiffre Lorenz utilisé pour les\ncommunications de haut commandement allemand.",[599,1092,1093,1094,1097],{},"Colossus n'est pas une machine universelle au sens de Turing : il reste\nspécialisé dans la cryptanalyse. Mais il prouve qu'on ",[603,1095,1096],{},"peut faire calculer\ndes tubes à vide",", à des vitesses qui rendent obsolètes les machines\nélectromécaniques.",[1099,1100,1101],"warning",{},[599,1102,1103,1106,1107,1110],{},[603,1104,1105],{},"Anecdote historique"," : l'existence de Colossus est restée ",[603,1108,1109],{},"secret défense\nbritannique jusque dans les années 1970",". Conséquence : pendant trente ans,\nl'ENIAC américain a été crédité comme le « premier ordinateur électronique »,\nalors qu'il a en réalité été précédé par Colossus.",[594,1112,1114],{"id":1113},"leniac-1945-30-tonnes-pour-additionner","L'ENIAC (1945) : 30 tonnes pour additionner",[599,1116,1117,1118,1121,1122,1125,1126,1129],{},"De l'autre côté de l'Atlantique, l'",[603,1119,1120],{},"ENIAC"," (",[999,1123,1124],{},"Electronic Numerical Integrator\nAnd Computer",") est mis en service à l'Université de Pennsylvanie en 1945. Il\noccupe une salle entière, pèse 30 tonnes et contient près de ",[603,1127,1128],{},"18 000 tubes à\nvide",". Son rôle initial : calculer des tables de tir balistique pour\nl'armée américaine.",[599,1131,1132,1133,1136,1137,1140,1141,923],{},"L'ENIAC est très rapide pour l'époque — plusieurs milliers d'additions par\nseconde — mais il souffre d'un défaut majeur : il n'est ",[603,1134,1135],{},"pas vraiment\nprogrammable",". Changer de calcul demande de ",[603,1138,1139],{},"recâbler physiquement"," la\nmachine, en déplaçant des câbles et en basculant des centaines\nd'interrupteurs. Une « reprogrammation » peut prendre ",[603,1142,1143],{},"plusieurs jours",[630,1145],{"alt":1146,"kind":633,"prompt":1147},"L'ENIAC en service à l'Université de Pennsylvanie","Salle de l'ENIAC en 1946, deux opératrices reconfigurant des câbles devant un mur d'armoires électroniques",[782,1149,1150],{},[599,1151,1152,1153,1156],{},"Les ",[603,1154,1155],{},"premières programmeuses de l'histoire moderne"," ont été six\nmathématiciennes — Kay McNulty, Betty Jennings, Betty Snyder, Marlyn Wescoff,\nFran Bilas, Ruth Lichterman — chargées de programmer l'ENIAC sans manuel,\nen lisant directement les schémas. Leur travail a longtemps été invisibilisé.",[594,1158,1160],{"id":1159},"larchitecture-de-von-neumann-1945","L'architecture de von Neumann (1945)",[599,1162,1163,1164,1167,1168,1171,1172,1175],{},"L'inconvénient de l'ENIAC est évident : ",[603,1165,1166],{},"le matériel encode le programme",".\nPour rendre une machine réellement universelle, il faut ",[603,1169,1170],{},"stocker le programme\nen mémoire",", comme les données qu'il manipule. C'est l'idée formalisée en\n1945 par le mathématicien ",[603,1173,1174],{},"John von Neumann"," dans un rapport célèbre sur\nla machine EDVAC.",[599,1177,620,1178,1181],{},[603,1179,1180],{},"architecture de von Neumann"," s'organise autour de cinq composants :",[729,1183,1184,1194],{},[732,1185,1186],{},[735,1187,1188,1191],{},[738,1189,1190],{},"Composant",[738,1192,1193],{},"Rôle",[751,1195,1196,1208,1216,1224,1232],{},[735,1197,1198,1201],{},[756,1199,1200],{},"Mémoire",[756,1202,1203,1204,1207],{},"Stocke programme ",[603,1205,1206],{},"et"," données dans le même espace",[735,1209,1210,1213],{},[756,1211,1212],{},"Unité de contrôle",[756,1214,1215],{},"Lit les instructions, organise leur exécution",[735,1217,1218,1221],{},[756,1219,1220],{},"Unité arithmétique et logique (UAL)",[756,1222,1223],{},"Effectue calculs et comparaisons",[735,1225,1226,1229],{},[756,1227,1228],{},"Entrées",[756,1230,1231],{},"Reçoivent les données (clavier, capteurs…)",[735,1233,1234,1237],{},[756,1235,1236],{},"Sorties",[756,1238,1239],{},"Restituent les résultats (écran, imprimante…)",[909,1241,1244],{"icon":1242,"title":1243},"i-lucide-target","L'idée centrale",[599,1245,1246,1249,1250,1253],{},[603,1247,1248],{},"Le programme est une donnée comme les autres",". Il peut donc être chargé,\nmodifié, généré par un autre programme. Cette dualité fait de l'ordinateur\nune ",[603,1251,1252],{},"machine vraiment universelle"," — pas une machine spécialisée.",[660,1255,1257,1262],{"correct":662,"slug":1256},"machine-universelle-c2",[665,1258,1259],{"v-slot:question":667},[599,1260,1261],{},"Quelle est l'innovation centrale de l'architecture de von Neumann ?",[665,1263,1264],{"v-slot:choices":667},[674,1265,1266,1269,1272],{},[677,1267,1268],{},"L’ajout d’un écran",[677,1270,1271],{},"Le stockage du programme en mémoire",[677,1273,1274],{},"L’usage du système décimal",[594,1276,927],{"id":926},[599,1278,1279,1280,1283,1284,1287,1288,1291],{},"Tous les ordinateurs construits depuis 1948 suivent peu ou prou ce modèle\n— y compris votre smartphone. Quelques machines historiques marquent\ncependant le tournant : le ",[603,1281,1282],{},"Manchester Baby"," (1948) est le premier\nordinateur à programme stocké réellement opérationnel, suivi de l'",[603,1285,1286],{},"EDSAC","\nà Cambridge (1949). Dans le prochain cours, vous verrez comment l'invention\ndu ",[603,1289,1290],{},"transistor"," en 1947 va, en quelques décennies, miniaturiser ces machines\nde 30 tonnes en objets de poche.",{"title":667,"searchDepth":940,"depth":940,"links":1293},[1294,1295,1296,1297,1298,1299],{"id":596,"depth":940,"text":597},{"id":989,"depth":940,"text":990},{"id":1066,"depth":940,"text":1067},{"id":1113,"depth":940,"text":1114},{"id":1159,"depth":940,"text":1160},{"id":926,"depth":940,"text":927},"Turing, von Neumann, ENIAC, Colossus — comment l'ordinateur passe du concept théorique à la première machine électronique programmable.",{},[1303,1305],{"slug":1045,"kind":955,"question":1050,"choices":1304,"correct":662,"multi":957,"explanation":667},[1057,1060,1063],{"slug":1256,"kind":955,"question":1261,"choices":1306,"correct":662,"multi":957,"explanation":667},[1268,1271,1274],{"title":245,"description":1300},"ba1M3vg9kZeN-sjCtL_nY5nczRA1bJh6F_HHvFtSf3E",{"id":1310,"title":249,"bo":1311,"body":1312,"description":1675,"eval":949,"extension":950,"labo":949,"meta":1676,"navigation":952,"path":250,"quizzes":1677,"readingTime":960,"seo":1682,"stem":251,"tp":949,"__hash__":1683},"cours\u002F1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002F3.ordinateurs-modernes.md",[589],{"type":591,"value":1313,"toc":1667},[1314,1316,1332,1336,1363,1367,1374,1389,1393,1407,1418,1463,1484,1488,1520,1524,1531,1535,1557,1575,1601,1619,1638,1640],[594,1315,597],{"id":596},[599,1317,1318,1319,1321,1322,1325,1326,1329,1330],{},"À la fin des années 1940, l'ordinateur est un objet rare, énorme, fragile,\nréservé aux militaires et aux grandes universités. Quarante ans plus tard, il\ntient dans une mallette et se vend en grande surface. Trois ruptures\ntechnologiques expliquent cette miniaturisation spectaculaire : l'invention\ndu ",[603,1320,1290],{},", l'apparition du ",[603,1323,1324],{},"circuit intégré",", puis la mise au point\ndu ",[603,1327,1328],{},"microprocesseur",". Trois entreprises — IBM, Apple, Microsoft — vont\nstructurer le marché qui en découle. ",[612,1331],{"code":589},[594,1333,1335],{"id":1334},"le-transistor-1947-remplace-le-tube-à-vide","Le transistor (1947) remplace le tube à vide",[599,1337,1338,1339,1342,1343,1346,1347,1350,1351,1354,1355,1358,1359,1362],{},"En décembre 1947, trois chercheurs des ",[603,1340,1341],{},"Bell Laboratories"," — ",[603,1344,1345],{},"John\nBardeen",", ",[603,1348,1349],{},"Walter Brattain"," et ",[603,1352,1353],{},"William Shockley"," — démontrent le\nfonctionnement du premier ",[603,1356,1357],{},"transistor à pointes",". C'est un petit composant\nen germanium qui peut amplifier ou commuter un courant électrique. Comparé\nau ",[603,1360,1361],{},"tube à vide",", le transistor est plus petit, consomme cent fois moins\nd'énergie, ne chauffe pas comme un radiateur, et tombe rarement en panne.",[630,1364],{"alt":1365,"kind":633,"prompt":1366},"Premier transistor des Bell Labs","Premier transistor de 1947 sur fond noir, vue macro montrant le boîtier et les trois pattes",[599,1368,1369,1370,1373],{},"Les premiers ordinateurs à transistors apparaissent dans les années 1950 :\nl'",[603,1371,1372],{},"IBM 7090"," (1959) inaugure l'ère des ordinateurs scientifiques rapides\nsans tube. Bardeen, Brattain et Shockley reçoivent le prix Nobel de physique\nen 1956 pour cette invention.",[647,1375,1376],{},[599,1377,1378,1380,1381,1384,1385,1388],{},[603,1379,653],{}," : le transistor est l'",[603,1382,1383],{},"unité élémentaire"," de toute\nl'électronique numérique moderne. Un processeur d'ordinateur portable récent\nen contient ",[603,1386,1387],{},"plusieurs dizaines de milliards"," — gravés sur quelques\ncentimètres carrés de silicium.",[594,1390,1392],{"id":1391},"le-circuit-intégré-1958","Le circuit intégré (1958)",[599,1394,1395,1396,1399,1400,1403,1404,1406],{},"Dix ans plus tard, ",[603,1397,1398],{},"Jack Kilby"," (Texas Instruments) et ",[603,1401,1402],{},"Robert Noyce","\n(Fairchild Semiconductor) inventent indépendamment le ",[603,1405,1324],{}," :\nplusieurs transistors gravés sur un même morceau de silicium et reliés entre\neux directement sur la puce. Plus besoin de souder les composants un par un.",[599,1408,1409,1410,1413,1414,1417],{},"La ",[603,1411,1412],{},"loi de Moore",", énoncée en 1965 par Gordon Moore (cofondateur d'Intel),\nprédit que ",[603,1415,1416],{},"le nombre de transistors d'un circuit intégré double tous les\ndeux ans environ"," à coût constant. Cette prédiction tient remarquablement\npendant plus de cinquante ans, et porte toute la croissance de la puissance\ninformatique.",[729,1419,1420,1429],{},[732,1421,1422],{},[735,1423,1424,1426],{},[738,1425,743],{},[738,1427,1428],{},"Transistors par puce (ordre de grandeur)",[751,1430,1431,1439,1447,1455],{},[735,1432,1433,1436],{},[756,1434,1435],{},"1971 (Intel 4004)",[756,1437,1438],{},"2 300",[735,1440,1441,1444],{},[756,1442,1443],{},"1985 (Intel 386)",[756,1445,1446],{},"275 000",[735,1448,1449,1452],{},[756,1450,1451],{},"2000 (Pentium 4)",[756,1453,1454],{},"42 000 000",[735,1456,1457,1460],{},[756,1458,1459],{},"2020 (Apple M1)",[756,1461,1462],{},"16 000 000 000",[660,1464,1466,1471],{"correct":662,"slug":1465},"ordinateurs-modernes-c1",[665,1467,1468],{"v-slot:question":667},[599,1469,1470],{},"Que prédit la loi de Moore ?",[665,1472,1473],{"v-slot:choices":667},[674,1474,1475,1478,1481],{},[677,1476,1477],{},"La vitesse d’un ordinateur double chaque année",[677,1479,1480],{},"Le nombre de transistors par puce double tous les deux ans environ",[677,1482,1483],{},"Le prix des ordinateurs double tous les cinq ans",[594,1485,1487],{"id":1486},"le-microprocesseur-1971","Le microprocesseur (1971)",[599,1489,1490,1491,1494,1495,1498,1499,1346,1502,1350,1505,1508,1509,1512,1513,1515,1516,1519],{},"L'étape décisive est franchie en 1971 quand l'équipe d'",[603,1492,1493],{},"Intel"," autour de\n",[603,1496,1497],{},"Federico Faggin"," (avec ",[603,1500,1501],{},"Ted Hoff",[603,1503,1504],{},"Stanley Mazor",[603,1506,1507],{},"Masatoshi\nShima",", ingénieur de Busicom) met au point le ",[603,1510,1511],{},"4004"," — le premier\n",[603,1514,1328],{},", c'est-à-dire un processeur complet sur ",[603,1517,1518],{},"une seule\npuce",". L'idée semble évidente aujourd'hui ; elle ne l'était pas. Auparavant,\nun processeur était un assemblage de plusieurs cartes électroniques distinctes.",[630,1521],{"alt":1522,"kind":633,"prompt":1523},"Microprocesseur Intel 4004","Microprocesseur Intel 4004 en gros plan, boîtier céramique blanc, pattes dorées sur les côtés",[599,1525,1526,1527,1530],{},"Le 4004 ouvre la voie aux ",[603,1528,1529],{},"ordinateurs personnels",". Quelques années plus\ntard, des hobbyistes peuvent acheter pour quelques centaines de dollars un\nmicroprocesseur, lui adjoindre un peu de mémoire et un clavier, et obtenir\nun ordinateur — chose impensable à l'époque de l'ENIAC.",[594,1532,1534],{"id":1533},"lirruption-de-linformatique-personnelle-1976-1984","L'irruption de l'informatique personnelle (1976-1984)",[599,1536,1537,1538,1350,1541,1544,1545,1548,1549,1552,1553,1556],{},"En 1976, deux jeunes californiens, ",[603,1539,1540],{},"Steve Wozniak",[603,1542,1543],{},"Steve Jobs",",\nconstruisent dans un garage l'",[603,1546,1547],{},"Apple I",". L'année suivante, l'",[603,1550,1551],{},"Apple II","\ndevient le premier vrai succès commercial d'ordinateur personnel, avec\nclavier intégré, écran couleur et compatibilité avec un lecteur de disquettes\n(le ",[603,1554,1555],{},"Disk II",", proposé en option dès 1978).",[599,1558,1559,1560,1562,1563,1566,1567,1570,1571,1574],{},"Voyant le marché émerger, ",[603,1561,937],{}," — géant de l'informatique professionnelle —\nsort en 1981 son ",[603,1564,1565],{},"IBM PC",", propulsé par un microprocesseur Intel et un\nsystème d'exploitation acheté à une petite société, ",[603,1568,1569],{},"Microsoft",". IBM commet\nl'erreur stratégique de ne pas verrouiller l'architecture : des concurrents\npeuvent construire des ",[603,1572,1573],{},"PC compatibles"," légalement. C'est la naissance du\nmarché des « clones » et la fortune de Microsoft.",[909,1576,1579],{"icon":1577,"title":1578},"i-lucide-triangle","Le triangle Apple \u002F IBM \u002F Microsoft",[674,1580,1581,1587,1592],{},[677,1582,1583,1586],{},[603,1584,1585],{},"Apple"," mise sur une architecture intégrée et propriétaire — matériel\net logiciel produits par la même entreprise.",[677,1588,1589,1591],{},[603,1590,937],{}," ouvre la plateforme PC sans le vouloir ; le matériel devient une\ncommodité.",[677,1593,1594,1596,1597,1600],{},[603,1595,1569],{}," vend MS-DOS puis Windows à ",[603,1598,1599],{},"tous"," les fabricants de PC —\net capte la rente logicielle pendant trente ans.",[599,1602,1603,1604,1607,1608,1611,1612,1615,1616,923],{},"En 1984, l'",[603,1605,1606],{},"Apple Macintosh"," popularise l'",[603,1609,1610],{},"interface graphique"," —\nfenêtres, icônes, souris — inspirée des recherches du ",[603,1613,1614],{},"Xerox PARC",". Le\nclavier ne suffit plus, l'ordinateur devient un objet ",[603,1617,1618],{},"manipulable\nvisuellement",[660,1620,1622,1627],{"correct":662,"slug":1621},"ordinateurs-modernes-c2",[665,1623,1624],{"v-slot:question":667},[599,1625,1626],{},"Quel ordinateur est lancé en 1981 et lance le marché des PC compatibles ?",[665,1628,1629],{"v-slot:choices":667},[674,1630,1631,1633,1635],{},[677,1632,1551],{},[677,1634,1565],{},[677,1636,1637],{},"Macintosh",[594,1639,927],{"id":926},[599,1641,1642,1643,1646,1647,1650,1651,1654,1655,1658,1659,1662,1663,1666],{},"Le ",[603,1644,1645],{},"logiciel libre"," émerge en parallèle de cette industrialisation.\n",[603,1648,1649],{},"Richard Stallman"," lance en 1983 le projet ",[603,1652,1653],{},"GNU"," pour offrir une\nalternative libre à Unix, et en 1991 ",[603,1656,1657],{},"Linus Torvalds",", étudiant finlandais\nde 21 ans, publie la première version du noyau ",[603,1660,1661],{},"Linux",". Aujourd'hui,\nLinux fait tourner la majorité des serveurs Web, des smartphones Android et\ndes supercalculateurs. Mais pour comprendre pourquoi Linux a pu se\npropager si vite, il faut maintenant regarder l'autre grande rupture du\n20e siècle : la ",[603,1664,1665],{},"mise en réseau"," des ordinateurs. C'est l'objet du\nprochain cours.",{"title":667,"searchDepth":940,"depth":940,"links":1668},[1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674],{"id":596,"depth":940,"text":597},{"id":1334,"depth":940,"text":1335},{"id":1391,"depth":940,"text":1392},{"id":1486,"depth":940,"text":1487},{"id":1533,"depth":940,"text":1534},{"id":926,"depth":940,"text":927},"Du transistor au microprocesseur, comment l'ordinateur a quitté les laboratoires militaires pour entrer dans les foyers.",{},[1678,1680],{"slug":1465,"kind":955,"question":1470,"choices":1679,"correct":662,"multi":957,"explanation":667},[1477,1480,1483],{"slug":1621,"kind":955,"question":1626,"choices":1681,"correct":662,"multi":957,"explanation":667},[1551,1565,1637],{"title":249,"description":1675},"Y4tNgEqPpG9eYqKJZc-13ZtInFs9GhWeeUgcv4jZ8sw",{"id":1685,"title":253,"bo":1686,"body":1687,"description":2030,"eval":949,"extension":950,"labo":949,"meta":2031,"navigation":952,"path":254,"quizzes":2032,"readingTime":960,"seo":2037,"stem":255,"tp":949,"__hash__":2038},"cours\u002F1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002F4.reseaux-et-web.md",[589],{"type":591,"value":1688,"toc":2022},[1689,1691,1708,1712,1719,1725,1747,1762,1783,1787,1802,1813,1856,1868,1875,1892,1896,1911,1915,1926,1938,1942,1960,1983,2005,2007],[594,1690,597],{"id":596},[599,1692,1693,1694,1697,1698,1701,1702,1705,1706],{},"Jusque dans les années 1960, un ordinateur est une machine ",[603,1695,1696],{},"isolée",". Pour\néchanger des données entre deux machines, on transporte des bandes magnétiques\nà pied ou en avion. La transformation suivante, qui structure encore notre\nquotidien, consiste à ",[603,1699,1700],{},"mettre les ordinateurs en réseau"," — d'abord quelques\nuniversités américaines, puis le monde entier, puis tous les objets de la\npoche. Ce cours retrace les quatre grands paliers : ",[603,1703,1704],{},"ARPANET, Internet, le\nWeb, le mobile et l'IA générative",". ",[612,1707],{"code":589},[594,1709,1711],{"id":1710},"arpanet-1969-et-la-naissance-dinternet","ARPANET (1969) et la naissance d'Internet",[599,1713,1714,1715,1718],{},"En octobre 1969, le premier message est envoyé entre deux ordinateurs distants\npar ",[603,1716,1717],{},"ARPANET",", un réseau financé par l'agence de recherche militaire\naméricaine ARPA. Le premier mot transmis est censé être « LOGIN »… mais le\nsystème plante après deux lettres. Le réseau croît rapidement : 4 nœuds en\n1969, 23 en 1971, 213 en 1981.",[630,1720],{"alt":1721,"kind":1722,"src":1723,"svg":1724},"Les quatre premiers nœuds ARPANET","mermaid","\u002Fillustrations\u002F1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002Farpanet-1969.svg","\u003Csvg id=\"ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969\" xmlns=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.w3.org\u002F2000\u002Fsvg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.w3.org\u002F1999\u002Fxlink\" class=\"illustration-svg flowchart\" viewBox=\"0.0000019073486328125 0 441.5054626464844 138\" role=\"graphics-document document\" aria-roledescription=\"flowchart-v2\">\u003Cstyle>#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969{font-family:Geist,Inter,system-ui,-apple-system,sans-serif;font-size:14px;fill:var(--diagram-text);}@keyframes edge-animation-frame{from{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}@keyframes dash{to{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .edge-animation-slow{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 50s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .edge-animation-fast{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 20s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .error-icon{fill:#fdecec;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .error-text{fill:var(--diagram-text);stroke:var(--diagram-text);}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .edge-thickness-normal{stroke-width:1px;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .edge-thickness-thick{stroke-width:3.5px;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .edge-pattern-solid{stroke-dasharray:0;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .edge-thickness-invisible{stroke-width:0;fill:none;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .marker{fill:var(--diagram-line);stroke:var(--diagram-line);}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .marker.cross{stroke:var(--diagram-line);}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 svg{font-family:Geist,Inter,system-ui,-apple-system,sans-serif;font-size:14px;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 p{margin:0;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .label{font-family:Geist,Inter,system-ui,-apple-system,sans-serif;color:var(--diagram-text);}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .cluster-label text{fill:var(--diagram-line);}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .cluster-label span{color:var(--diagram-line);}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .cluster-label span p{background-color:transparent;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .label text,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 span{fill:var(--diagram-text);color:var(--diagram-text);}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .node rect,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .node circle,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .node ellipse,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .node polygon,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .node path{fill:var(--diagram-node-bg);stroke:var(--diagram-node-border);stroke-width:1px;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .rough-node .label text,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .node .label text,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .image-shape .label,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .icon-shape .label{text-anchor:middle;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .node .katex path{fill:#000;stroke:#000;stroke-width:1px;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .rough-node .label,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .node .label,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .image-shape .label,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .icon-shape .label{text-align:center;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .node.clickable{cursor:pointer;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .root .anchor path{fill:var(--diagram-line)!important;stroke-width:0;stroke:var(--diagram-line);}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .arrowheadPath{fill:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .edgePath .path{stroke:var(--diagram-line);stroke-width:1px;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .flowchart-link{stroke:var(--diagram-line);fill:none;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .edgeLabel{background-color:var(--diagram-surface);text-align:center;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .edgeLabel p{background-color:var(--diagram-surface);}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .edgeLabel rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:var(--diagram-surface);fill:var(--diagram-surface);}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .labelBkg{background-color:rgba(250, 251, 252, 0.5);}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .cluster rect{fill:var(--diagram-surface);stroke:var(--diagram-border);stroke-width:1px;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .cluster text{fill:var(--diagram-line);}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .cluster span{color:var(--diagram-line);}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 div.mermaidTooltip{position:absolute;text-align:center;max-width:200px;padding:2px;font-family:Geist,Inter,system-ui,-apple-system,sans-serif;font-size:12px;background:var(--diagram-surface);border:1px solid var(--diagram-border);border-radius:2px;pointer-events:none;z-index:100;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .flowchartTitleText{text-anchor:middle;font-size:18px;fill:var(--diagram-text);}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 rect.text{fill:none;stroke-width:0;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .icon-shape,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .image-shape{background-color:var(--diagram-surface);text-align:center;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .icon-shape p,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .image-shape p{background-color:var(--diagram-surface);padding:2px;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .icon-shape .label rect,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .image-shape .label rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:var(--diagram-surface);fill:var(--diagram-surface);}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .label-icon{display:inline-block;height:1em;overflow:visible;vertical-align:-0.125em;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .node .label-icon path{fill:currentColor;stroke:revert;stroke-width:revert;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .node .neo-node{stroke:var(--diagram-node-border);}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [data-look=\"neo\"].node rect,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [data-look=\"neo\"].cluster rect,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [data-look=\"neo\"].node polygon{stroke:url(#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969-gradient);filter:drop-shadow( 1px 2px 2px rgba(185,185,185,1));}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [data-look=\"neo\"].node path{stroke:url(#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969-gradient);stroke-width:1px;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [data-look=\"neo\"].node .outer-path{filter:drop-shadow( 1px 2px 2px rgba(185,185,185,1));}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [data-look=\"neo\"].node .neo-line path{stroke:var(--diagram-node-border);filter:none;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [data-look=\"neo\"].node circle{stroke:url(#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969-gradient);filter:drop-shadow( 1px 2px 2px rgba(185,185,185,1));}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [data-look=\"neo\"].node circle .state-start{fill:var(--diagram-text);}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [data-look=\"neo\"].icon-shape .icon{fill:url(#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969-gradient);filter:drop-shadow( 1px 2px 2px rgba(185,185,185,1));}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [data-look=\"neo\"].icon-shape .icon-neo path{stroke:url(#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969-gradient);filter:drop-shadow( 1px 2px 2px rgba(185,185,185,1));}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .node rect,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .node circle,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .node ellipse,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .node polygon,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .node path{stroke-width:1.5px;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .edgePath .path{stroke-width:1.5px;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .label,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .nodeLabel,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .edgeLabel,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .cluster-label,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .messageText,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .actor text{font-family:Geist,Inter,system-ui,sans-serif!important;font-weight:500!important;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .nodeLabel,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .cluster-label,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .nodeLabel p,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .cluster-label p{color:var(--diagram-text)!important;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .nodeLabel .markdown-node-label,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .nodeLabel .markdown-node-label p{color:var(--diagram-text)!important;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .stateLabel text,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .stateLabel{fill:var(--diagram-text)!important;font-weight:600!important;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .edgeLabel{padding:0px 6px;background-color:var(--diagram-surface)!important;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .edgeLabel rect.background,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .edgeLabel rect{fill:var(--diagram-surface)!important;opacity:1!important;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .edgeLabel .label text,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .edgeLabel text{fill:var(--diagram-line)!important;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .cluster rect{rx:4px;ry:4px;stroke-width:1px!important;stroke-dasharray:3,3!important;fill:transparent!important;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .node rect,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .node polygon,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .stateGroup rect{rx:4px;ry:4px;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 marker,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 marker path{fill:var(--diagram-line)!important;stroke:var(--diagram-line)!important;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .marker{fill:var(--diagram-line)!important;stroke:var(--diagram-line)!important;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .actor{stroke-width:1.5px;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .messageText,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .messageText tspan{fill:var(--diagram-text)!important;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .titleText{fill:var(--diagram-text)!important;font-weight:600!important;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .note text,#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .note .nodeLabel{fill:var(--diagram-line)!important;color:var(--diagram-line)!important;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .statediagram-cluster rect{fill:transparent!important;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 .statediagram-state .divider{stroke:var(--diagram-border)!important;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 :root{--mermaid-font-family:Geist,Inter,system-ui,-apple-system,sans-serif;}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [fill=\"#eef0fc\"]{fill:var(--diagram-node-bg)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stroke=\"#eef0fc\"]{stroke:var(--diagram-node-bg)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stop-color=\"#eef0fc\"]{stop-color:var(--diagram-node-bg)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [fill=\"rgb(238, 240, 252)\"]{fill:var(--diagram-node-bg)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stroke=\"rgb(238, 240, 252)\"]{stroke:var(--diagram-node-bg)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stop-color=\"rgb(238, 240, 252)\"]{stop-color:var(--diagram-node-bg)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [fill=\"#4948b8\"]{fill:var(--diagram-node-border)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stroke=\"#4948b8\"]{stroke:var(--diagram-node-border)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stop-color=\"#4948b8\"]{stop-color:var(--diagram-node-border)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [fill=\"rgb(73, 72, 184)\"]{fill:var(--diagram-node-border)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stroke=\"rgb(73, 72, 184)\"]{stroke:var(--diagram-node-border)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stop-color=\"rgb(73, 72, 184)\"]{stop-color:var(--diagram-node-border)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [fill=\"#c8cdf5\"]{fill:var(--diagram-accent-soft)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stroke=\"#c8cdf5\"]{stroke:var(--diagram-accent-soft)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stop-color=\"#c8cdf5\"]{stop-color:var(--diagram-accent-soft)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [fill=\"rgb(200, 205, 245)\"]{fill:var(--diagram-accent-soft)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stroke=\"rgb(200, 205, 245)\"]{stroke:var(--diagram-accent-soft)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stop-color=\"rgb(200, 205, 245)\"]{stop-color:var(--diagram-accent-soft)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [fill=\"#1f2127\"]{fill:var(--diagram-text)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stroke=\"#1f2127\"]{stroke:var(--diagram-text)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stop-color=\"#1f2127\"]{stop-color:var(--diagram-text)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [fill=\"rgb(31, 33, 39)\"]{fill:var(--diagram-text)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stroke=\"rgb(31, 33, 39)\"]{stroke:var(--diagram-text)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stop-color=\"rgb(31, 33, 39)\"]{stop-color:var(--diagram-text)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [fill=\"#000000\"]{fill:var(--diagram-text)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stroke=\"#000000\"]{stroke:var(--diagram-text)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stop-color=\"#000000\"]{stop-color:var(--diagram-text)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [fill=\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\"]{fill:var(--diagram-text)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stroke=\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\"]{stroke:var(--diagram-text)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stop-color=\"rgb(0, 0, 0)\"]{stop-color:var(--diagram-text)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [fill=\"#56595e\"]{fill:var(--diagram-line)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stroke=\"#56595e\"]{stroke:var(--diagram-line)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stop-color=\"#56595e\"]{stop-color:var(--diagram-line)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [fill=\"rgb(86, 89, 94)\"]{fill:var(--diagram-line)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stroke=\"rgb(86, 89, 94)\"]{stroke:var(--diagram-line)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stop-color=\"rgb(86, 89, 94)\"]{stop-color:var(--diagram-line)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [fill=\"#fafbfc\"]{fill:var(--diagram-surface)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stroke=\"#fafbfc\"]{stroke:var(--diagram-surface)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stop-color=\"#fafbfc\"]{stop-color:var(--diagram-surface)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [fill=\"rgb(250, 251, 252)\"]{fill:var(--diagram-surface)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stroke=\"rgb(250, 251, 252)\"]{stroke:var(--diagram-surface)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stop-color=\"rgb(250, 251, 252)\"]{stop-color:var(--diagram-surface)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [fill=\"#f3f4f6\"]{fill:var(--diagram-surface-alt)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stroke=\"#f3f4f6\"]{stroke:var(--diagram-surface-alt)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stop-color=\"#f3f4f6\"]{stop-color:var(--diagram-surface-alt)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [fill=\"rgb(243, 244, 246)\"]{fill:var(--diagram-surface-alt)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stroke=\"rgb(243, 244, 246)\"]{stroke:var(--diagram-surface-alt)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stop-color=\"rgb(243, 244, 246)\"]{stop-color:var(--diagram-surface-alt)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [fill=\"#c4c8cd\"]{fill:var(--diagram-border)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stroke=\"#c4c8cd\"]{stroke:var(--diagram-border)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stop-color=\"#c4c8cd\"]{stop-color:var(--diagram-border)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [fill=\"rgb(196, 200, 205)\"]{fill:var(--diagram-border)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stroke=\"rgb(196, 200, 205)\"]{stroke:var(--diagram-border)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stop-color=\"rgb(196, 200, 205)\"]{stop-color:var(--diagram-border)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [fill=\"#e5e7eb\"]{fill:var(--diagram-border)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stroke=\"#e5e7eb\"]{stroke:var(--diagram-border)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stop-color=\"#e5e7eb\"]{stop-color:var(--diagram-border)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [fill=\"rgb(229, 231, 235)\"]{fill:var(--diagram-border)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stroke=\"rgb(229, 231, 235)\"]{stroke:var(--diagram-border)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stop-color=\"rgb(229, 231, 235)\"]{stop-color:var(--diagram-border)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [fill=\"#e0e0e0\"]{fill:var(--diagram-border)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stroke=\"#e0e0e0\"]{stroke:var(--diagram-border)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stop-color=\"#e0e0e0\"]{stop-color:var(--diagram-border)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [fill=\"rgb(224, 224, 224)\"]{fill:var(--diagram-border)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stroke=\"rgb(224, 224, 224)\"]{stroke:var(--diagram-border)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stop-color=\"rgb(224, 224, 224)\"]{stop-color:var(--diagram-border)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [fill=\"#EDF2AE\"]{fill:var(--diagram-surface)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stroke=\"#EDF2AE\"]{stroke:var(--diagram-surface)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stop-color=\"#EDF2AE\"]{stop-color:var(--diagram-surface)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [fill=\"rgb(237, 242, 174)\"]{fill:var(--diagram-surface)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stroke=\"rgb(237, 242, 174)\"]{stroke:var(--diagram-surface)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stop-color=\"rgb(237, 242, 174)\"]{stop-color:var(--diagram-surface)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [fill=\"#fff5ad\"]{fill:var(--diagram-surface)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stroke=\"#fff5ad\"]{stroke:var(--diagram-surface)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stop-color=\"#fff5ad\"]{stop-color:var(--diagram-surface)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [fill=\"rgb(255, 245, 173)\"]{fill:var(--diagram-surface)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stroke=\"rgb(255, 245, 173)\"]{stroke:var(--diagram-surface)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stop-color=\"rgb(255, 245, 173)\"]{stop-color:var(--diagram-surface)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [fill=\"#666\"]{fill:var(--diagram-border)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stroke=\"#666\"]{stroke:var(--diagram-border)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stop-color=\"#666\"]{stop-color:var(--diagram-border)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [fill=\"rgb(0, 6, 102)\"]{fill:var(--diagram-border)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stroke=\"rgb(0, 6, 102)\"]{stroke:var(--diagram-border)}#ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969 [stop-color=\"rgb(0, 6, 102)\"]{stop-color:var(--diagram-border)}\u003C\u002Fstyle>\u003Cg>\u003Cmarker id=\"ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969_flowchart-v2-pointEnd\" class=\"marker flowchart-v2\" viewBox=\"0 0 10 10\" refX=\"5\" refY=\"5\" markerUnits=\"userSpaceOnUse\" markerWidth=\"8\" markerHeight=\"8\" orient=\"auto\">\u003Cpath d=\"M 0 0 L 10 5 L 0 10 z\" class=\"arrowMarkerPath\" style=\"stroke-width: 1; stroke-dasharray: 1, 0;\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fmarker>\u003Cmarker id=\"ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969_flowchart-v2-pointStart\" class=\"marker flowchart-v2\" viewBox=\"0 0 10 10\" refX=\"4.5\" refY=\"5\" markerUnits=\"userSpaceOnUse\" markerWidth=\"8\" markerHeight=\"8\" orient=\"auto\">\u003Cpath d=\"M 0 5 L 10 10 L 10 0 z\" class=\"arrowMarkerPath\" style=\"stroke-width: 1; stroke-dasharray: 1, 0;\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fmarker>\u003Cmarker id=\"ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969_flowchart-v2-pointEnd-margin\" class=\"marker flowchart-v2\" viewBox=\"0 0 11.5 14\" refX=\"11.5\" refY=\"7\" markerUnits=\"userSpaceOnUse\" markerWidth=\"10.5\" markerHeight=\"14\" orient=\"auto\">\u003Cpath d=\"M 0 0 L 11.5 7 L 0 14 z\" class=\"arrowMarkerPath\" style=\"stroke-width: 0; stroke-dasharray: 1, 0;\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fmarker>\u003Cmarker id=\"ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969_flowchart-v2-pointStart-margin\" class=\"marker flowchart-v2\" viewBox=\"0 0 11.5 14\" refX=\"1\" refY=\"7\" markerUnits=\"userSpaceOnUse\" markerWidth=\"11.5\" markerHeight=\"14\" orient=\"auto\">\u003Cpolygon points=\"0,7 11.5,14 11.5,0\" class=\"arrowMarkerPath\" style=\"stroke-width: 0; stroke-dasharray: 1, 0;\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fmarker>\u003Cmarker id=\"ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969_flowchart-v2-circleEnd\" class=\"marker flowchart-v2\" viewBox=\"0 0 10 10\" refX=\"11\" refY=\"5\" markerUnits=\"userSpaceOnUse\" markerWidth=\"11\" markerHeight=\"11\" orient=\"auto\">\u003Ccircle cx=\"5\" cy=\"5\" r=\"5\" class=\"arrowMarkerPath\" style=\"stroke-width: 1; stroke-dasharray: 1, 0;\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fmarker>\u003Cmarker id=\"ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969_flowchart-v2-circleStart\" class=\"marker flowchart-v2\" viewBox=\"0 0 10 10\" refX=\"-1\" refY=\"5\" markerUnits=\"userSpaceOnUse\" markerWidth=\"11\" markerHeight=\"11\" orient=\"auto\">\u003Ccircle cx=\"5\" cy=\"5\" r=\"5\" class=\"arrowMarkerPath\" style=\"stroke-width: 1; stroke-dasharray: 1, 0;\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fmarker>\u003Cmarker id=\"ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969_flowchart-v2-circleEnd-margin\" class=\"marker flowchart-v2\" viewBox=\"0 0 10 10\" refY=\"5\" refX=\"12.25\" markerUnits=\"userSpaceOnUse\" markerWidth=\"14\" markerHeight=\"14\" orient=\"auto\">\u003Ccircle cx=\"5\" cy=\"5\" r=\"5\" class=\"arrowMarkerPath\" style=\"stroke-width: 0; stroke-dasharray: 1, 0;\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fmarker>\u003Cmarker id=\"ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969_flowchart-v2-circleStart-margin\" class=\"marker flowchart-v2\" viewBox=\"0 0 10 10\" refX=\"-2\" refY=\"5\" markerUnits=\"userSpaceOnUse\" markerWidth=\"14\" markerHeight=\"14\" orient=\"auto\">\u003Ccircle cx=\"5\" cy=\"5\" r=\"5\" class=\"arrowMarkerPath\" style=\"stroke-width: 0; stroke-dasharray: 1, 0;\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fmarker>\u003Cmarker id=\"ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969_flowchart-v2-crossEnd\" class=\"marker cross flowchart-v2\" viewBox=\"0 0 11 11\" refX=\"12\" refY=\"5.2\" markerUnits=\"userSpaceOnUse\" markerWidth=\"11\" markerHeight=\"11\" orient=\"auto\">\u003Cpath d=\"M 1,1 l 9,9 M 10,1 l -9,9\" class=\"arrowMarkerPath\" style=\"stroke-width: 2; stroke-dasharray: 1, 0;\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fmarker>\u003Cmarker id=\"ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969_flowchart-v2-crossStart\" class=\"marker cross flowchart-v2\" viewBox=\"0 0 11 11\" refX=\"-1\" refY=\"5.2\" markerUnits=\"userSpaceOnUse\" markerWidth=\"11\" markerHeight=\"11\" orient=\"auto\">\u003Cpath d=\"M 1,1 l 9,9 M 10,1 l -9,9\" class=\"arrowMarkerPath\" style=\"stroke-width: 2; stroke-dasharray: 1, 0;\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fmarker>\u003Cmarker id=\"ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969_flowchart-v2-crossEnd-margin\" class=\"marker cross flowchart-v2\" viewBox=\"0 0 15 15\" refX=\"17.7\" refY=\"7.5\" markerUnits=\"userSpaceOnUse\" markerWidth=\"12\" markerHeight=\"12\" orient=\"auto\">\u003Cpath d=\"M 1,1 L 14,14 M 1,14 L 14,1\" class=\"arrowMarkerPath\" style=\"stroke-width: 2.5;\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fmarker>\u003Cmarker id=\"ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969_flowchart-v2-crossStart-margin\" class=\"marker cross flowchart-v2\" viewBox=\"0 0 15 15\" refX=\"-3.5\" refY=\"7.5\" markerUnits=\"userSpaceOnUse\" markerWidth=\"12\" markerHeight=\"12\" orient=\"auto\">\u003Cpath d=\"M 1,1 L 14,14 M 1,14 L 14,1\" class=\"arrowMarkerPath\" style=\"stroke-width: 2.5; stroke-dasharray: 1, 0;\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fmarker>\u003Cg class=\"root\">\u003Cg class=\"clusters\"\u002F>\u003Cg class=\"edgePaths\">\u003Cpath d=\"M65.281,55.684L70.897,52.487C76.514,49.289,87.748,42.895,98.114,39.781C108.481,36.667,117.981,36.833,122.731,36.917L127.481,37\" id=\"ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969-L_UCLA_SRI_0\" class=\"edge-thickness-normal edge-pattern-solid edge-thickness-normal edge-pattern-solid flowchart-link\" style=\";\" data-edge=\"true\" data-et=\"edge\" data-id=\"L_UCLA_SRI_0\" data-points=\"W3sieCI6NjUuMjgwNjY0ODQzMzgzNTMsInkiOjU1LjY4MzgzNTEwOTU2OTV9LHsieCI6OTguOTgwOTkxMzYzNTI1MzksInkiOjM2LjV9LHsieCI6MTI3LjQ4MDk5MTM2MzUyNDc4LCJ5IjozNy4wMDAwMDAwMDAwMDAwMX1d\" data-look=\"classic\"\u002F>\u003Cpath d=\"M59.572,86.781L66.14,92.567C72.708,98.354,85.845,109.927,106.074,115.713C126.303,121.5,153.626,121.5,180.948,121.5C208.27,121.5,235.593,121.5,254.236,121.09C272.879,120.68,282.843,119.86,287.825,119.45L292.807,119.04\" id=\"ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969-L_UCLA_UCSB_0\" class=\"edge-thickness-normal edge-pattern-solid edge-thickness-normal edge-pattern-solid flowchart-link\" style=\";\" data-edge=\"true\" data-et=\"edge\" data-id=\"L_UCLA_UCSB_0\" data-points=\"W3sieCI6NTkuNTcyMTgzMTM3MjY0MjEsInkiOjg2Ljc4MDcxOTg4MDI1MTExfSx7IngiOjk4Ljk4MDk5MTM2MzUyNTM5LCJ5IjoxMjEuNX0seyJ4IjoxODAuOTQ4MDQ3NjM3OTM5NDUsInkiOjEyMS41fSx7IngiOjI2Mi45MTUxMDM5MTIzNTM1LCJ5IjoxMjEuNX0seyJ4IjoyOTIuODA3MzU1MzcwMTkzNSwieSI6MTE5LjAzOTkxMTU5Njg1Njc1fV0=\" data-look=\"classic\"\u002F>\u003Cpath d=\"M234.264,30.556L239.039,29.88C243.815,29.204,253.365,27.852,263.12,27.259C272.876,26.667,282.837,26.833,287.817,26.917L292.798,27\" id=\"ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969-L_SRI_UTAH_0\" class=\"edge-thickness-normal edge-pattern-solid edge-thickness-normal edge-pattern-solid flowchart-link\" style=\";\" data-edge=\"true\" data-et=\"edge\" data-id=\"L_SRI_UTAH_0\" data-points=\"W3sieCI6MjM0LjI2NDI3Nzc4ODI3NTA1LCJ5IjozMC41NTY0MDc1OTIxNTMzMjd9LHsieCI6MjYyLjkxNTEwMzkxMjM1MzUsInkiOjI2LjV9LHsieCI6MjkyLjc5NzkxNjQxMjM1MzUsInkiOjI3fV0=\" data-look=\"classic\"\u002F>\u003Cpath d=\"M217.116,55.494L224.749,59.412C232.382,63.329,247.649,71.165,262.62,77.54C277.592,83.916,292.269,88.832,299.607,91.29L306.946,93.748\" id=\"ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969-L_SRI_UCSB_0\" class=\"edge-thickness-normal edge-pattern-solid edge-thickness-normal edge-pattern-solid flowchart-link\" style=\";\" data-edge=\"true\" data-et=\"edge\" data-id=\"L_SRI_UCSB_0\" data-points=\"W3sieCI6MjE3LjExNTk4ODgzMzUwNTUsInkiOjU1LjQ5Mzg2Mjg5NzAyMjY4fSx7IngiOjI2Mi45MTUxMDM5MTIzNTM1LCJ5Ijo3OX0seyJ4IjozMDYuOTQ1ODY0NDY1NjA5NzYsInkiOjkzLjc0NzkxOTE4MjIxMDg0fV0=\" data-look=\"classic\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Cg class=\"edgeLabels\">\u003Cg class=\"edgeLabel\">\u003Cg class=\"label\" data-id=\"L_UCLA_SRI_0\" transform=\"translate(0, 0)\">\u003Ctext y=\"-10.1\" text-anchor=\"middle\">\u003Ctspan class=\"text-outer-tspan row\" x=\"0\" y=\"-0.1em\" dy=\"1.1em\" text-anchor=\"middle\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Ftext>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Cg>\u003Crect class=\"background\" style=\"stroke: none\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Cg class=\"edgeLabel\">\u003Cg class=\"label\" data-id=\"L_UCLA_UCSB_0\" transform=\"translate(0, 0)\">\u003Ctext y=\"-10.1\" text-anchor=\"middle\">\u003Ctspan class=\"text-outer-tspan row\" x=\"0\" y=\"-0.1em\" dy=\"1.1em\" text-anchor=\"middle\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Ftext>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Cg>\u003Crect class=\"background\" style=\"stroke: none\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Cg class=\"edgeLabel\">\u003Cg class=\"label\" data-id=\"L_SRI_UTAH_0\" transform=\"translate(0, 0)\">\u003Ctext y=\"-10.1\" text-anchor=\"middle\">\u003Ctspan class=\"text-outer-tspan row\" x=\"0\" y=\"-0.1em\" dy=\"1.1em\" text-anchor=\"middle\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Ftext>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Cg>\u003Crect class=\"background\" style=\"stroke: none\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Cg class=\"edgeLabel\">\u003Cg class=\"label\" data-id=\"L_SRI_UCSB_0\" transform=\"translate(0, 0)\">\u003Ctext y=\"-10.1\" text-anchor=\"middle\">\u003Ctspan class=\"text-outer-tspan row\" x=\"0\" y=\"-0.1em\" dy=\"1.1em\" text-anchor=\"middle\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Ftext>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Cg>\u003Crect class=\"background\" style=\"stroke: none\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Cg class=\"nodes\">\u003Cg class=\"node default\" id=\"ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969-flowchart-UCLA-0\" data-look=\"classic\" transform=\"translate(39.490495681762695, 69)\">\u003Cg class=\"basic label-container outer-path\">\u003Cpath d=\"M-13 -18.5 C-5.845432648804299 -18.5, 1.3091347023914022 -18.5, 13 -18.5 C13 -18.5, 13 -18.5, 12.999999999999998 -18.5 C13.372344516727892 -18.48805963607317, 13.744689033455785 -18.47611927214634, 14.185299069643188 -18.46198976588122 C14.531272580657985 -18.428614117367648, 14.877246091672783 -18.395238468854075, 15.365727491163359 -18.348115255730054 C15.82008289280767 -18.274658597970966, 16.274438294451983 -18.20120194021188, 16.536434630975386 -18.15884440433471 C16.853571627959433 -18.086459954285413, 17.17070862494348 -18.014075504236114, 17.692609802325883 -17.894954966222045 C18.089032055678853 -17.777298922289752, 18.485454309031827 -17.65964287835746, 18.82950203343698 -17.557531319697368 C19.11492299303855 -17.452493768161563, 19.40034395264012 -17.34745621662576, 19.94243959026842 -17.147960010901404 C20.201221504263827 -17.03340493406837, 20.460003418259234 -16.918849857235337, 21.026849173674826 -16.667924056194753 C21.359729754658517 -16.49426047031575, 21.692610335642204 -16.32059688443675, 22.078274712072847 -16.119396026282708 C22.448163028336253 -15.895167555258807, 22.818051344599656 -15.670939084234906, 23.09239567239515 -15.504629940499052 C23.46209500290746 -15.246743691559743, 23.83179433341977 -14.988857442620434, 24.065044814087496 -14.826152004557198 C24.321302322799824 -14.621793460657814, 24.577559831512154 -14.417434916758431, 24.992225313194083 -14.086750229828988 C25.26746760595709 -13.836782462053622, 25.542709898720098 -13.586814694278253, 25.870127186164495 -13.289462976807961 C26.141927918248708 -13.0088064056759, 26.413728650332924 -12.728149834543839, 26.695142945893334 -12.437566469834366 C26.866856619337007 -12.235861818222615, 27.03857029278068 -12.034157166610864, 27.463882425658554 -11.534561334386572 C27.710959593376828 -11.203500438837118, 27.958036761095105 -10.872439543287664, 28.17318671004368 -10.584158212260142 C28.321086917372465 -10.35694377703659, 28.468987124701247 -10.129729341813038, 28.8201411155989 -9.590262513744715 C28.95676416952796 -9.34767444690929, 29.09338722345702 -9.105086380073862, 29.4020871679005 -8.556958369455453 C29.56863276240948 -8.211122878952702, 29.735178356918453 -7.8652873884499535, 29.91663352579253 -7.48849184776429 C30.00745675025068 -7.26415672740507, 30.09827997470883 -7.03982160704585, 30.361665807920563 -6.3892535067942 C30.502339081510616 -5.9655680199833325, 30.64301235510067 -5.5418825331724655, 30.735355281178222 -5.2637603526741055 C30.798693582507457 -5.022223958712291, 30.862031883836693 -4.780687564750478, 31.036166375363738 -4.116637278191818 C31.102671456418467 -3.7751477428296423, 31.169176537473195 -3.4336582074674666, 31.262862993167325 -2.9525980581175224 C31.2934811340361 -2.7151298037750817, 31.324099274904878 -2.477661549432641, 31.414513589560165 -1.776425979292116 C31.43697197220982 -1.4266185414435522, 31.459430354859478 -1.0768111035949886, 31.490494999712727 -0.5929541850756206 C31.490494999712727 -0.22702819301562627, 31.490494999712727 0.13889779904436805, 31.490494999712727 0.592954185075616 C31.461365058949504 1.046676525727785, 31.43223511818628 1.5003988663799541, 31.414513589560165 1.7764259792921033 C31.35809268845876 2.2140153466674906, 31.301671787357357 2.6516047140428776, 31.262862993167328 2.9525980581175095 C31.17508372000436 3.403326073653412, 31.087304446841387 3.8540540891893142, 31.036166375363738 4.116637278191814 C30.957780756583965 4.415555615141172, 30.879395137804188 4.71447395209053, 30.735355281178222 5.263760352674093 C30.5920121133364 5.695487135581423, 30.448668945494575 6.127213918488754, 30.36166580792057 6.389253506794188 C30.188343894363275 6.817361984231944, 30.01502198080598 7.245470461669699, 29.91663352579253 7.488491847764285 C29.723672621382345 7.889179294473983, 29.53071171697216 8.289866741183681, 29.402087167900504 8.556958369455447 C29.238349684911938 8.8476908507197, 29.07461220192337 9.13842333198395, 28.820141115598904 9.590262513744712 C28.616344303184892 9.903349144719286, 28.41254749077088 10.216435775693862, 28.173186710043687 10.584158212260133 C27.968432766407194 10.85850984326503, 27.7636788227707 11.132861474269927, 27.463882425658554 11.534561334386567 C27.201711789219118 11.842521881880147, 26.939541152779686 12.15048242937373, 26.695142945893345 12.437566469834355 C26.47118554111781 12.668820877509983, 26.247228136342272 12.900075285185613, 25.870127186164503 13.289462976807956 C25.643354628685717 13.495411813437112, 25.416582071206932 13.701360650066267, 24.992225313194098 14.086750229828976 C24.690669415569577 14.32723303344508, 24.389113517945056 14.567715837061181, 24.0650448140875 14.826152004557196 C23.841785812912423 14.981887819050536, 23.618526811737347 15.137623633543877, 23.09239567239516 15.504629940499047 C22.780274151603624 15.69383984063253, 22.468152630812085 15.88304974076601, 22.078274712072847 16.119396026282704 C21.75679739058258 16.287110538988124, 21.43532006909231 16.454825051693547, 21.026849173674826 16.667924056194753 C20.62347810129853 16.846484464358014, 20.220107028922232 17.025044872521278, 19.942439590268428 17.1479600109014 C19.674116185757867 17.24670550411565, 19.405792781247307 17.345450997329895, 18.829502033436995 17.557531319697365 C18.58508228922829 17.63007381679309, 18.340662545019583 17.702616313888818, 17.692609802325904 17.89495496622204 C17.390093283747113 17.96400238748288, 17.087576765168322 18.033049808743712, 16.536434630975393 18.158844404334708 C16.266718369474074 18.202450037813392, 15.997002107972754 18.24605567129208, 15.365727491163373 18.34811525573005 C14.907596719707097 18.392310580269573, 14.449465948250824 18.436505904809096, 14.185299069643188 18.46198976588122 C13.93589727902326 18.469987595875267, 13.686495488403331 18.47798542586931, 13.000000000000004 18.5 C13.000000000000002 18.5, 13.000000000000002 18.5, 13 18.5 C6.569665142457983 18.5, 0.13933028491596566 18.5, -12.999999999999996 18.5 C-13.297414632500503 18.49046249161817, -13.594829265001012 18.480924983236342, -14.18529906964318 18.46198976588122 C-14.583093507906602 18.423615014839754, -14.980887946170023 18.38524026379829, -15.365727491163364 18.34811525573005 C-15.829053614367826 18.2732082812781, -16.292379737572286 18.198301306826156, -16.536434630975386 18.158844404334708 C-16.7717081952949 18.10514474858227, -17.006981759614412 18.051445092829827, -17.69260980232588 17.894954966222045 C-18.063068990327718 17.785004623803058, -18.43352817832956 17.675054281384075, -18.829502033436974 17.557531319697375 C-19.23685739608419 17.407620780691506, -19.644212758731403 17.257710241685636, -19.94243959026842 17.147960010901404 C-20.34175203926008 16.971196234915737, -20.741064488251737 16.794432458930068, -21.026849173674822 16.667924056194757 C-21.407844927759648 16.46915881532813, -21.788840681844476 16.270393574461504, -22.078274712072844 16.119396026282708 C-22.30109028791079 15.984323914800079, -22.52390586374873 15.849251803317452, -23.09239567239514 15.50462994049906 C-23.362392654157837 15.316291734002366, -23.632389635920532 15.127953527505671, -24.065044814087493 14.8261520045572 C-24.348753762658742 14.599901667883822, -24.63246271122999 14.373651331210446, -24.992225313194083 14.086750229828992 C-25.199940963456548 13.898108372115564, -25.40765661371901 13.709466514402136, -25.87012718616449 13.289462976807968 C-26.107618541498216 13.044233654023, -26.345109896831946 12.799004331238033, -26.695142945893338 12.43756646983436 C-26.924410586958565 12.168255652940799, -27.153678228023793 11.898944836047237, -27.46388242565855 11.534561334386574 C-27.70945624176829 11.205514793034409, -27.95503005787803 10.876468251682244, -28.17318671004368 10.584158212260144 C-28.42964843238994 10.190164137121185, -28.6861101547362 9.796170061982224, -28.820141115598897 9.590262513744724 C-28.952219925735125 9.35574321191805, -29.084298735871357 9.121223910091375, -29.4020871679005 8.556958369455455 C-29.59676074265604 8.152714526128351, -29.791434317411582 7.748470682801249, -29.91663352579253 7.488491847764292 C-30.086250113103155 7.069535597793421, -30.25586670041378 6.650579347822551, -30.361665807920563 6.389253506794202 C-30.506840251361474 5.952011213556576, -30.652014694802382 5.514768920318948, -30.735355281178222 5.2637603526741 C-30.815277398332555 4.958982681499948, -30.895199515486883 4.654205010325796, -31.036166375363734 4.116637278191821 C-31.122911835443702 3.671217674340663, -31.20965729552367 3.225798070489505, -31.262862993167325 2.9525980581175246 C-31.316764973460824 2.534544943111101, -31.37066695375432 2.116491828104677, -31.414513589560165 1.7764259792921264 C-31.436064279649777 1.4407565857424987, -31.45761496973939 1.1050871921928709, -31.490494999712727 0.5929541850756229 C-31.490494999712727 0.34910770241176925, -31.490494999712727 0.10526121974791558, -31.490494999712727 -0.5929541850756139 C-31.464975463177932 -0.9904415656041705, -31.439455926643134 -1.387928946132727, -31.414513589560165 -1.776425979292101 C-31.375597276669364 -2.078253217177964, -31.336680963778562 -2.3800804550638275, -31.262862993167328 -2.9525980581175157 C-31.205239873513865 -3.248480598887398, -31.1476167538604 -3.544363139657281, -31.036166375363738 -4.116637278191813 C-30.920572651152554 -4.557446247246047, -30.804978926941367 -4.998255216300283, -30.735355281178226 -5.263760352674091 C-30.629939076026908 -5.581257166798489, -30.524522870875586 -5.898753980922885, -30.361665807920573 -6.389253506794178 C-30.21524760840966 -6.750909290389444, -30.068829408898747 -7.11256507398471, -29.91663352579253 -7.488491847764283 C-29.810809546878172 -7.708237604250367, -29.704985567963814 -7.927983360736451, -29.402087167900504 -8.556958369455446 C-29.27950652787391 -8.774612708458447, -29.156925887847315 -8.99226704746145, -28.8201411155989 -9.590262513744717 C-28.5851672872642 -9.951245413374467, -28.350193458929493 -10.312228313004217, -28.173186710043684 -10.584158212260139 C-27.939624035423268 -10.897110918254107, -27.706061360802853 -11.210063624248077, -27.463882425658554 -11.534561334386567 C-27.226737228305513 -11.813125577141443, -26.989592030952476 -12.091689819896322, -26.695142945893345 -12.437566469834355 C-26.381797979507734 -12.761120873727677, -26.068453013122124 -13.084675277621, -25.87012718616451 -13.28946297680795 C-25.629145303956427 -13.508316346198121, -25.388163421748345 -13.727169715588294, -24.992225313194098 -14.086750229828974 C-24.789053521422225 -14.2487743271386, -24.585881729650353 -14.410798424448226, -24.0650448140875 -14.826152004557194 C-23.78363557383992 -15.022450908544236, -23.50222633359234 -15.218749812531277, -23.092395672395163 -15.504629940499045 C-22.88882308324136 -15.628036840369404, -22.68525049408756 -15.751443740239763, -22.07827471207285 -16.1193960262827 C-21.737449974148742 -16.297204073749047, -21.396625236224637 -16.47501212121539, -21.02684917367483 -16.667924056194753 C-20.69904077329718 -16.813035110951237, -20.371232372919533 -16.95814616570772, -19.94243959026843 -17.147960010901397 C-19.530702672869506 -17.299483002558546, -19.118965755470576 -17.45100599421569, -18.829502033436995 -17.557531319697365 C-18.517112518940966 -17.650246887833763, -18.204723004444936 -17.74296245597016, -17.692609802325904 -17.894954966222038 C-17.303768927379274 -17.983705358504764, -16.914928052432643 -18.07245575078749, -16.536434630975396 -18.158844404334708 C-16.079909064059162 -18.232651917585077, -15.623383497142926 -18.306459430835446, -15.365727491163373 -18.34811525573005 C-14.981082583454533 -18.38522148737354, -14.596437675745694 -18.42232771901703, -14.18529906964319 -18.46198976588122 C-13.790716415020475 -18.474643263606428, -13.39613376039776 -18.48729676133163, -13.000000000000005 -18.5 C-13.000000000000004 -18.5, -13.000000000000002 -18.5, -13 -18.5\" stroke=\"none\" stroke-width=\"0\" fill=\"#eef0fc\" style=\"\"\u002F>\u003Cpath d=\"M-13 -18.5 C-6.0876454006764735 -18.5, 0.8247091986470529 -18.5, 13 -18.5 M-13 -18.5 C-7.058346516659463 -18.5, -1.116693033318926 -18.5, 13 -18.5 M13 -18.5 C13 -18.5, 12.999999999999998 -18.5, 12.999999999999998 -18.5 M13 -18.5 C13 -18.5, 12.999999999999998 -18.5, 12.999999999999998 -18.5 M12.999999999999998 -18.5 C13.284130332117288 -18.49088849327514, 13.568260664234577 -18.48177698655028, 14.185299069643188 -18.46198976588122 M12.999999999999998 -18.5 C13.374357817574996 -18.48799507343366, 13.748715635149994 -18.475990146867314, 14.185299069643188 -18.46198976588122 M14.185299069643188 -18.46198976588122 C14.477650280364085 -18.433786996186747, 14.770001491084981 -18.405584226492277, 15.365727491163359 -18.348115255730054 M14.185299069643188 -18.46198976588122 C14.492993852777447 -18.432306820209376, 14.800688635911708 -18.402623874537532, 15.365727491163359 -18.348115255730054 M15.365727491163359 -18.348115255730054 C15.812465868226885 -18.275890059434282, 16.259204245290412 -18.203664863138506, 16.536434630975386 -18.15884440433471 M15.365727491163359 -18.348115255730054 C15.623027003044154 -18.306517066036683, 15.880326514924949 -18.264918876343312, 16.536434630975386 -18.15884440433471 M16.536434630975386 -18.15884440433471 C16.779656348968686 -18.103330634372778, 17.022878066961987 -18.047816864410848, 17.692609802325883 -17.894954966222045 M16.536434630975386 -18.15884440433471 C16.872342166800834 -18.082175701284076, 17.208249702626286 -18.005506998233443, 17.692609802325883 -17.894954966222045 M17.692609802325883 -17.894954966222045 C17.959901138654274 -17.815624300640632, 18.22719247498266 -17.736293635059223, 18.82950203343698 -17.557531319697368 M17.692609802325883 -17.894954966222045 C17.969038061280315 -17.81291250996591, 18.245466320234744 -17.730870053709776, 18.82950203343698 -17.557531319697368 M18.82950203343698 -17.557531319697368 C19.060331259870942 -17.472584030607692, 19.291160486304904 -17.387636741518016, 19.94243959026842 -17.147960010901404 M18.82950203343698 -17.557531319697368 C19.130446091176328 -17.446781124552913, 19.43139014891568 -17.336030929408462, 19.94243959026842 -17.147960010901404 M19.94243959026842 -17.147960010901404 C20.3120492781887 -16.984344766140936, 20.681658966108973 -16.820729521380468, 21.026849173674826 -16.667924056194753 M19.94243959026842 -17.147960010901404 C20.372371234514535 -16.957642025462743, 20.802302878760646 -16.767324040024086, 21.026849173674826 -16.667924056194753 M21.026849173674826 -16.667924056194753 C21.40893879842742 -16.46858814370141, 21.79102842318002 -16.269252231208068, 22.078274712072847 -16.119396026282708 M21.026849173674826 -16.667924056194753 C21.36042323985128 -16.493898679534883, 21.693997306027736 -16.319873302875017, 22.078274712072847 -16.119396026282708 M22.078274712072847 -16.119396026282708 C22.300461417683074 -15.984705139627772, 22.5226481232933 -15.850014252972839, 23.09239567239515 -15.504629940499052 M22.078274712072847 -16.119396026282708 C22.338004498825562 -15.961946303211564, 22.597734285578277 -15.804496580140418, 23.09239567239515 -15.504629940499052 M23.09239567239515 -15.504629940499052 C23.455150491791446 -15.251587881891234, 23.81790531118774 -14.998545823283417, 24.065044814087496 -14.826152004557198 M23.09239567239515 -15.504629940499052 C23.464095479124634 -15.245348245949861, 23.835795285854118 -14.986066551400672, 24.065044814087496 -14.826152004557198 M24.065044814087496 -14.826152004557198 C24.318615244975163 -14.623936333716838, 24.572185675862833 -14.421720662876478, 24.992225313194083 -14.086750229828988 M24.065044814087496 -14.826152004557198 C24.43300059051829 -14.532717064568075, 24.800956366949084 -14.239282124578953, 24.992225313194083 -14.086750229828988 M24.992225313194083 -14.086750229828988 C25.249332880295793 -13.853251940080664, 25.5064404473975 -13.619753650332342, 25.870127186164495 -13.289462976807961 M24.992225313194083 -14.086750229828988 C25.339011425210888 -13.771808258353051, 25.685797537227693 -13.456866286877114, 25.870127186164495 -13.289462976807961 M25.870127186164495 -13.289462976807961 C26.133364306849572 -13.017649037531081, 26.396601427534648 -12.745835098254203, 26.695142945893334 -12.437566469834366 M25.870127186164495 -13.289462976807961 C26.11896451787804 -13.032518001888848, 26.367801849591586 -12.775573026969735, 26.695142945893334 -12.437566469834366 M26.695142945893334 -12.437566469834366 C26.974835849311148 -12.109023270502746, 27.254528752728962 -11.780480071171128, 27.463882425658554 -11.534561334386572 M26.695142945893334 -12.437566469834366 C26.990776325203562 -12.090298680480744, 27.286409704513787 -11.743030891127125, 27.463882425658554 -11.534561334386572 M27.463882425658554 -11.534561334386572 C27.669029165591752 -11.259683392128565, 27.874175905524954 -10.98480544987056, 28.17318671004368 -10.584158212260142 M27.463882425658554 -11.534561334386572 C27.652009023328677 -11.282488832194227, 27.8401356209988 -11.030416330001884, 28.17318671004368 -10.584158212260142 M28.17318671004368 -10.584158212260142 C28.42215398072012 -10.201677627428083, 28.671121251396556 -9.819197042596024, 28.8201411155989 -9.590262513744715 M28.17318671004368 -10.584158212260142 C28.369081457803052 -10.283211274596567, 28.56497620556242 -9.98226433693299, 28.8201411155989 -9.590262513744715 M28.8201411155989 -9.590262513744715 C29.009449530964634 -9.254126252707128, 29.198757946330364 -8.91798999166954, 29.4020871679005 -8.556958369455453 M28.8201411155989 -9.590262513744715 C28.973974459997887 -9.317115833449048, 29.127807804396877 -9.043969153153379, 29.4020871679005 -8.556958369455453 M29.4020871679005 -8.556958369455453 C29.519895881086132 -8.312326055822835, 29.637704594271764 -8.067693742190217, 29.91663352579253 -7.48849184776429 M29.4020871679005 -8.556958369455453 C29.568546627172214 -8.21130174061588, 29.735006086443928 -7.865645111776309, 29.91663352579253 -7.48849184776429 M29.91663352579253 -7.48849184776429 C30.087422430636575 -7.066639950820649, 30.258211335480624 -6.644788053877008, 30.361665807920563 -6.3892535067942 M29.91663352579253 -7.48849184776429 C30.008018605168683 -7.262768934894873, 30.09940368454484 -7.037046022025456, 30.361665807920563 -6.3892535067942 M30.361665807920563 -6.3892535067942 C30.450766138386484 -6.120897507640621, 30.539866468852406 -5.852541508487044, 30.735355281178222 -5.2637603526741055 M30.361665807920563 -6.3892535067942 C30.50308500846461 -5.963321406845226, 30.644504209008655 -5.537389306896252, 30.735355281178222 -5.2637603526741055 M30.735355281178222 -5.2637603526741055 C30.811219647890354 -4.974456642576222, 30.88708401460249 -4.6851529324783385, 31.036166375363738 -4.116637278191818 M30.735355281178222 -5.2637603526741055 C30.824333536233546 -4.924447702728476, 30.91331179128887 -4.585135052782847, 31.036166375363738 -4.116637278191818 M31.036166375363738 -4.116637278191818 C31.125976581028212 -3.655480853498426, 31.215786786692686 -3.1943244288050336, 31.262862993167325 -2.9525980581175224 M31.036166375363738 -4.116637278191818 C31.085901928191625 -3.8612557260334284, 31.13563748101951 -3.6058741738750384, 31.262862993167325 -2.9525980581175224 M31.262862993167325 -2.9525980581175224 C31.30927837729041 -2.592609504613175, 31.355693761413498 -2.232620951108828, 31.414513589560165 -1.776425979292116 M31.262862993167325 -2.9525980581175224 C31.32299732084977 -2.4862080874786217, 31.383131648532213 -2.019818116839721, 31.414513589560165 -1.776425979292116 M31.414513589560165 -1.776425979292116 C31.44362171524463 -1.3230434261004769, 31.47272984092909 -0.8696608729088378, 31.490494999712727 -0.5929541850756206 M31.414513589560165 -1.776425979292116 C31.43739275782001 -1.4200644659128299, 31.460271926079855 -1.0637029525335437, 31.490494999712727 -0.5929541850756206 M31.490494999712727 -0.5929541850756206 C31.490494999712727 -0.27045268472426265, 31.490494999712727 0.05204881562709529, 31.490494999712727 0.592954185075616 M31.490494999712727 -0.5929541850756206 C31.490494999712727 -0.32907148954284254, 31.490494999712727 -0.0651887940100645, 31.490494999712727 0.592954185075616 M31.490494999712727 0.592954185075616 C31.465732609860666 0.9786483948627662, 31.44097022000861 1.3643426046499163, 31.414513589560165 1.7764259792921033 M31.490494999712727 0.592954185075616 C31.470507654077913 0.9042732268328664, 31.450520308443096 1.2155922685901168, 31.414513589560165 1.7764259792921033 M31.414513589560165 1.7764259792921033 C31.362704741633667 2.178245172995829, 31.31089589370717 2.5800643666995553, 31.262862993167328 2.9525980581175095 M31.414513589560165 1.7764259792921033 C31.372675873041864 2.1009110468164502, 31.330838156523566 2.4253961143407974, 31.262862993167328 2.9525980581175095 M31.262862993167328 2.9525980581175095 C31.2117638516217 3.2149813501469273, 31.16066471007607 3.477364642176345, 31.036166375363738 4.116637278191814 M31.262862993167328 2.9525980581175095 C31.181235902953755 3.371735914472578, 31.099608812740186 3.7908737708276457, 31.036166375363738 4.116637278191814 M31.036166375363738 4.116637278191814 C30.973273836807255 4.356473785506312, 30.910381298250776 4.596310292820809, 30.735355281178222 5.263760352674093 M31.036166375363738 4.116637278191814 C30.968914067981633 4.373099473574172, 30.90166176059953 4.629561668956528, 30.735355281178222 5.263760352674093 M30.735355281178222 5.263760352674093 C30.638415117572436 5.555728680137171, 30.54147495396665 5.847697007600249, 30.36166580792057 6.389253506794188 M30.735355281178222 5.263760352674093 C30.624159003433416 5.598665824520574, 30.51296272568861 5.933571296367054, 30.36166580792057 6.389253506794188 M30.36166580792057 6.389253506794188 C30.24620344604226 6.674447772946522, 30.130741084163947 6.959642039098855, 29.91663352579253 7.488491847764285 M30.36166580792057 6.389253506794188 C30.240109921345866 6.689498896756892, 30.118554034771165 6.989744286719597, 29.91663352579253 7.488491847764285 M29.91663352579253 7.488491847764285 C29.782482111663356 7.7670601295839505, 29.648330697534185 8.045628411403616, 29.402087167900504 8.556958369455447 M29.91663352579253 7.488491847764285 C29.758527852887532 7.8168016604709845, 29.60042217998253 8.145111473177685, 29.402087167900504 8.556958369455447 M29.402087167900504 8.556958369455447 C29.18666509038543 8.939462081934222, 28.971243012870357 9.321965794412996, 28.820141115598904 9.590262513744712 M29.402087167900504 8.556958369455447 C29.22091405193692 8.87864958261613, 29.03974093597333 9.200340795776816, 28.820141115598904 9.590262513744712 M28.820141115598904 9.590262513744712 C28.604025367646013 9.922274337804375, 28.38790961969312 10.254286161864037, 28.173186710043687 10.584158212260133 M28.820141115598904 9.590262513744712 C28.629018062234103 9.883878847438876, 28.4378950088693 10.17749518113304, 28.173186710043687 10.584158212260133 M28.173186710043687 10.584158212260133 C28.02633204651208 10.78093008265741, 27.87947738298048 10.977701953054684, 27.463882425658554 11.534561334386567 M28.173186710043687 10.584158212260133 C27.93826392376276 10.898933343970462, 27.70334113748184 11.213708475680791, 27.463882425658554 11.534561334386567 M27.463882425658554 11.534561334386567 C27.279385523636112 11.751281893673251, 27.094888621613674 11.968002452959936, 26.695142945893345 12.437566469834355 M27.463882425658554 11.534561334386567 C27.233029784136512 11.805733983005783, 27.00217714261447 12.076906631625, 26.695142945893345 12.437566469834355 M26.695142945893345 12.437566469834355 C26.456638948388004 12.68384142880098, 26.218134950882664 12.930116387767605, 25.870127186164503 13.289462976807956 M26.695142945893345 12.437566469834355 C26.51635795191363 12.622176654639398, 26.337572957933915 12.806786839444442, 25.870127186164503 13.289462976807956 M25.870127186164503 13.289462976807956 C25.54287487815107 13.586664864324161, 25.21562257013764 13.883866751840367, 24.992225313194098 14.086750229828976 M25.870127186164503 13.289462976807956 C25.538465316260616 13.59066951176246, 25.20680344635673 13.891876046716964, 24.992225313194098 14.086750229828976 M24.992225313194098 14.086750229828976 C24.737610954742763 14.289798405121282, 24.48299659629143 14.492846580413588, 24.0650448140875 14.826152004557196 M24.992225313194098 14.086750229828976 C24.680972671619408 14.334965928704145, 24.369720030044714 14.583181627579316, 24.0650448140875 14.826152004557196 M24.0650448140875 14.826152004557196 C23.69550979304427 15.083923638323718, 23.325974772001036 15.341695272090242, 23.09239567239516 15.504629940499047 M24.0650448140875 14.826152004557196 C23.69987620449807 15.08087781871245, 23.334707594908643 15.335603632867706, 23.09239567239516 15.504629940499047 M23.09239567239516 15.504629940499047 C22.784167080816587 15.691479924066238, 22.475938489238015 15.878329907633429, 22.078274712072847 16.119396026282704 M23.09239567239516 15.504629940499047 C22.748236392689154 15.71326131836125, 22.404077112983153 15.92189269622345, 22.078274712072847 16.119396026282704 M22.078274712072847 16.119396026282704 C21.66789140165732 16.33349273646343, 21.257508091241796 16.547589446644153, 21.026849173674826 16.667924056194753 M22.078274712072847 16.119396026282704 C21.763533410134603 16.28359636190246, 21.448792108196358 16.447796697522218, 21.026849173674826 16.667924056194753 M21.026849173674826 16.667924056194753 C20.737549999314993 16.795988218928755, 20.44825082495516 16.924052381662754, 19.942439590268428 17.1479600109014 M21.026849173674826 16.667924056194753 C20.67579824638157 16.823323888151712, 20.324747319088313 16.978723720108675, 19.942439590268428 17.1479600109014 M19.942439590268428 17.1479600109014 C19.54794555864222 17.293137461202697, 19.153451527016014 17.438314911503994, 18.829502033436995 17.557531319697365 M19.942439590268428 17.1479600109014 C19.609701216359838 17.270410808299573, 19.276962842451244 17.392861605697746, 18.829502033436995 17.557531319697365 M18.829502033436995 17.557531319697365 C18.577436028875773 17.632343186729678, 18.32537002431455 17.70715505376199, 17.692609802325904 17.89495496622204 M18.829502033436995 17.557531319697365 C18.54454459216645 17.64210519249433, 18.259587150895904 17.726679065291297, 17.692609802325904 17.89495496622204 M17.692609802325904 17.89495496622204 C17.301533078926166 17.984215676323913, 16.910456355526428 18.073476386425785, 16.536434630975393 18.158844404334708 M17.692609802325904 17.89495496622204 C17.37458807010678 17.967541351315308, 17.056566337887656 18.040127736408575, 16.536434630975393 18.158844404334708 M16.536434630975393 18.158844404334708 C16.154875006700607 18.220532005348375, 15.773315382425821 18.282219606362045, 15.365727491163373 18.34811525573005 M16.536434630975393 18.158844404334708 C16.20649431830572 18.2121865953618, 15.876554005636047 18.265528786388895, 15.365727491163373 18.34811525573005 M15.365727491163373 18.34811525573005 C15.014763259382134 18.381972353073742, 14.663799027600897 18.415829450417437, 14.185299069643188 18.46198976588122 M15.365727491163373 18.34811525573005 C14.982150351855783 18.38511848104005, 14.598573212548192 18.42212170635005, 14.185299069643188 18.46198976588122 M14.185299069643188 18.46198976588122 C13.856170780991292 18.472544269488935, 13.527042492339396 18.483098773096653, 13.000000000000004 18.5 M14.185299069643188 18.46198976588122 C13.863207510718953 18.472318615262733, 13.541115951794715 18.48264746464425, 13.000000000000004 18.5 M13.000000000000004 18.5 C13.000000000000002 18.5, 13.000000000000002 18.5, 13 18.5 M13.000000000000004 18.5 C13.000000000000004 18.5, 13.000000000000002 18.5, 13 18.5 M13 18.5 C4.043411456004028 18.5, -4.913177087991944 18.5, -12.999999999999996 18.5 M13 18.5 C4.472708906233919 18.5, -4.054582187532162 18.5, -12.999999999999996 18.5 M-12.999999999999996 18.5 C-13.473181159355448 18.484826001210724, -13.9463623187109 18.469652002421448, -14.18529906964318 18.46198976588122 M-12.999999999999996 18.5 C-13.288879104060674 18.490736209401838, -13.577758208121352 18.481472418803676, -14.18529906964318 18.46198976588122 M-14.18529906964318 18.46198976588122 C-14.566032675227667 18.42526085284964, -14.946766280812154 18.38853193981806, -15.365727491163364 18.34811525573005 M-14.18529906964318 18.46198976588122 C-14.572404748901938 18.42464614656582, -14.959510428160696 18.387302527250423, -15.365727491163364 18.34811525573005 M-15.365727491163364 18.34811525573005 C-15.70753301833358 18.29285478883862, -16.049338545503794 18.237594321947196, -16.536434630975386 18.158844404334708 M-15.365727491163364 18.34811525573005 C-15.684484474589057 18.29658109864711, -16.003241458014752 18.24504694156417, -16.536434630975386 18.158844404334708 M-16.536434630975386 18.158844404334708 C-16.817009993667487 18.094804908725585, -17.09758535635959 18.030765413116466, -17.69260980232588 17.894954966222045 M-16.536434630975386 18.158844404334708 C-16.93551751973412 18.067756339234755, -17.334600408492857 17.976668274134806, -17.69260980232588 17.894954966222045 M-17.69260980232588 17.894954966222045 C-18.099870616991677 17.774082094184877, -18.507131431657477 17.65320922214771, -18.829502033436974 17.557531319697375 M-17.69260980232588 17.894954966222045 C-18.125397664519994 17.76650580047268, -18.55818552671411 17.638056634723316, -18.829502033436974 17.557531319697375 M-18.829502033436974 17.557531319697375 C-19.096317294004532 17.45934083739528, -19.36313255457209 17.361150355093187, -19.94243959026842 17.147960010901404 M-18.829502033436974 17.557531319697375 C-19.113976095648308 17.4528422351542, -19.39845015785964 17.348153150611026, -19.94243959026842 17.147960010901404 M-19.94243959026842 17.147960010901404 C-20.322883409137244 16.97954881775309, -20.703327228006067 16.811137624604775, -21.026849173674822 16.667924056194757 M-19.94243959026842 17.147960010901404 C-20.349250543175284 16.96787686966769, -20.756061496082147 16.78779372843398, -21.026849173674822 16.667924056194757 M-21.026849173674822 16.667924056194757 C-21.278672706009257 16.53654788067655, -21.530496238343694 16.40517170515835, -22.078274712072844 16.119396026282708 M-21.026849173674822 16.667924056194757 C-21.43446813725571 16.455269503987015, -21.842087100836597 16.242614951779274, -22.078274712072844 16.119396026282708 M-22.078274712072844 16.119396026282708 C-22.462692450484955 15.886359734167899, -22.84711018889707 15.653323442053091, -23.09239567239514 15.50462994049906 M-22.078274712072844 16.119396026282708 C-22.435762003225534 15.902685129557435, -22.793249294378228 15.68597423283216, -23.09239567239514 15.50462994049906 M-23.09239567239514 15.50462994049906 C-23.453559472487676 15.252697708083428, -23.814723272580213 15.000765475667794, -24.065044814087493 14.8261520045572 M-23.09239567239514 15.50462994049906 C-23.317023824750716 15.3479390654118, -23.541651977106298 15.19124819032454, -24.065044814087493 14.8261520045572 M-24.065044814087493 14.8261520045572 C-24.403525435313348 14.556222716477196, -24.742006056539207 14.286293428397192, -24.992225313194083 14.086750229828992 M-24.065044814087493 14.8261520045572 C-24.434682824855166 14.531375527450553, -24.804320835622843 14.236599050343907, -24.992225313194083 14.086750229828992 M-24.992225313194083 14.086750229828992 C-25.246373594024753 13.8559394855736, -25.500521874855426 13.625128741318209, -25.87012718616449 13.289462976807968 M-24.992225313194083 14.086750229828992 C-25.313556215076794 13.794926006688884, -25.6348871169595 13.503101783548779, -25.87012718616449 13.289462976807968 M-25.87012718616449 13.289462976807968 C-26.044287255617242 13.109628406290378, -26.21844732506999 12.92979383577279, -26.695142945893338 12.43756646983436 M-25.87012718616449 13.289462976807968 C-26.094583994037492 13.057692894432446, -26.319040801910496 12.825922812056925, -26.695142945893338 12.43756646983436 M-26.695142945893338 12.43756646983436 C-26.885982887251497 12.213395015614779, -27.076822828609657 11.989223561395198, -27.46388242565855 11.534561334386574 M-26.695142945893338 12.43756646983436 C-26.958560019086747 12.128141786805301, -27.221977092280156 11.818717103776242, -27.46388242565855 11.534561334386574 M-27.46388242565855 11.534561334386574 C-27.65292107920368 11.281266760411725, -27.841959732748805 11.027972186436878, -28.17318671004368 10.584158212260144 M-27.46388242565855 11.534561334386574 C-27.67564001755375 11.250825452760493, -27.887397609448946 10.967089571134414, -28.17318671004368 10.584158212260144 M-28.17318671004368 10.584158212260144 C-28.312561895216277 10.370040500357474, -28.451937080388873 10.155922788454806, -28.820141115598897 9.590262513744724 M-28.17318671004368 10.584158212260144 C-28.332729151719295 10.339058178702203, -28.49227159339491 10.09395814514426, -28.820141115598897 9.590262513744724 M-28.820141115598897 9.590262513744724 C-28.94686000110207 9.365260300855264, -29.073578886605244 9.140258087965805, -29.4020871679005 8.556958369455455 M-28.820141115598897 9.590262513744724 C-28.94337210418442 9.371453415020413, -29.06660309276994 9.152644316296104, -29.4020871679005 8.556958369455455 M-29.4020871679005 8.556958369455455 C-29.573721007344037 8.200557029475087, -29.745354846787578 7.8441556894947215, -29.91663352579253 7.488491847764292 M-29.4020871679005 8.556958369455455 C-29.57284720433618 8.202371500117295, -29.743607240771862 7.847784630779135, -29.91663352579253 7.488491847764292 M-29.91663352579253 7.488491847764292 C-30.00952186466764 7.259055854868906, -30.102410203542753 7.0296198619735195, -30.361665807920563 6.389253506794202 M-29.91663352579253 7.488491847764292 C-30.071923011734135 7.104923815170557, -30.227212497675744 6.721355782576821, -30.361665807920563 6.389253506794202 M-30.361665807920563 6.389253506794202 C-30.45708603853329 6.101862975337784, -30.55250626914602 5.8144724438813675, -30.735355281178222 5.2637603526741 M-30.361665807920563 6.389253506794202 C-30.46426145329166 6.08025176933267, -30.56685709866275 5.771250031871139, -30.735355281178222 5.2637603526741 M-30.735355281178222 5.2637603526741 C-30.832522309049576 4.893220362944358, -30.92968933692093 4.522680373214614, -31.036166375363734 4.116637278191821 M-30.735355281178222 5.2637603526741 C-30.81296761202983 4.967790897739951, -30.890579942881438 4.671821442805801, -31.036166375363734 4.116637278191821 M-31.036166375363734 4.116637278191821 C-31.09211820773115 3.8293364444090967, -31.148070040098567 3.542035610626373, -31.262862993167325 2.9525980581175246 M-31.036166375363734 4.116637278191821 C-31.12472599677321 3.6619023393367747, -31.213285618182685 3.2071674004817283, -31.262862993167325 2.9525980581175246 M-31.262862993167325 2.9525980581175246 C-31.323520976126993 2.482146720555907, -31.38417895908666 2.01169538299429, -31.414513589560165 1.7764259792921264 M-31.262862993167325 2.9525980581175246 C-31.309488205213057 2.5909821206803563, -31.356113417258786 2.2293661832431875, -31.414513589560165 1.7764259792921264 M-31.414513589560165 1.7764259792921264 C-31.429949810020684 1.535994385726681, -31.4453860304812 1.2955627921612352, -31.490494999712727 0.5929541850756229 M-31.414513589560165 1.7764259792921264 C-31.43052991779737 1.5269587388502455, -31.44654624603457 1.2774914984083645, -31.490494999712727 0.5929541850756229 M-31.490494999712727 0.5929541850756229 C-31.490494999712727 0.29499629526800963, -31.490494999712727 -0.0029615945396036514, -31.490494999712727 -0.5929541850756139 M-31.490494999712727 0.5929541850756229 C-31.490494999712727 0.1665418645950324, -31.490494999712727 -0.2598704558855581, -31.490494999712727 -0.5929541850756139 M-31.490494999712727 -0.5929541850756139 C-31.47041985770968 -0.9056407261360546, -31.450344715706628 -1.2183272671964955, -31.414513589560165 -1.776425979292101 M-31.490494999712727 -0.5929541850756139 C-31.47012041390394 -0.9103048051171625, -31.449745828095146 -1.227655425158711, -31.414513589560165 -1.776425979292101 M-31.414513589560165 -1.776425979292101 C-31.38226242870632 -2.0265596141624775, -31.350011267852473 -2.2766932490328537, -31.262862993167328 -2.9525980581175157 M-31.414513589560165 -1.776425979292101 C-31.376918020261634 -2.0680097906866446, -31.339322450963103 -2.3595936020811883, -31.262862993167328 -2.9525980581175157 M-31.262862993167328 -2.9525980581175157 C-31.20867568024362 -3.230838457488114, -31.154488367319914 -3.5090788568587126, -31.036166375363738 -4.116637278191813 M-31.262862993167328 -2.9525980581175157 C-31.19411385703704 -3.3056103420114793, -31.125364720906752 -3.6586226259054424, -31.036166375363738 -4.116637278191813 M-31.036166375363738 -4.116637278191813 C-30.964818254607565 -4.3887185851062505, -30.893470133851388 -4.6607998920206875, -30.735355281178226 -5.263760352674091 M-31.036166375363738 -4.116637278191813 C-30.953788830835915 -4.430778558130046, -30.871411286308092 -4.744919838068281, -30.735355281178226 -5.263760352674091 M-30.735355281178226 -5.263760352674091 C-30.630796133909378 -5.578675845010114, -30.52623698664053 -5.893591337346137, -30.361665807920573 -6.389253506794178 M-30.735355281178226 -5.263760352674091 C-30.618681431143063 -5.615163399526501, -30.502007581107897 -5.96656644637891, -30.361665807920573 -6.389253506794178 M-30.361665807920573 -6.389253506794178 C-30.208173030115308 -6.768383635554154, -30.054680252310046 -7.147513764314131, -29.91663352579253 -7.488491847764283 M-30.361665807920573 -6.389253506794178 C-30.24310699265864 -6.6820960726699115, -30.124548177396704 -6.974938638545644, -29.91663352579253 -7.488491847764283 M-29.91663352579253 -7.488491847764283 C-29.807810742526247 -7.714464685651275, -29.698987959259963 -7.940437523538266, -29.402087167900504 -8.556958369455446 M-29.91663352579253 -7.488491847764283 C-29.74632080454175 -7.842149857549993, -29.576008083290965 -8.195807867335704, -29.402087167900504 -8.556958369455446 M-29.402087167900504 -8.556958369455446 C-29.263357933140018 -8.803286173631006, -29.12462869837953 -9.049613977806567, -28.8201411155989 -9.590262513744717 M-29.402087167900504 -8.556958369455446 C-29.1822691475293 -8.94726752361276, -28.962451127158097 -9.337576677770075, -28.8201411155989 -9.590262513744717 M-28.8201411155989 -9.590262513744717 C-28.638320010815036 -9.869588556495627, -28.456498906031168 -10.148914599246536, -28.173186710043684 -10.584158212260139 M-28.8201411155989 -9.590262513744717 C-28.681014599333196 -9.803998203429446, -28.541888083067494 -10.017733893114176, -28.173186710043684 -10.584158212260139 M-28.173186710043684 -10.584158212260139 C-27.898598547659912 -10.95208133435818, -27.624010385276144 -11.320004456456221, -27.463882425658554 -11.534561334386567 M-28.173186710043684 -10.584158212260139 C-27.97107390722765 -10.854970955178498, -27.768961104411616 -11.125783698096857, -27.463882425658554 -11.534561334386567 M-27.463882425658554 -11.534561334386567 C-27.200586248362477 -11.843844006215448, -26.9372900710664 -12.15312667804433, -26.695142945893345 -12.437566469834355 M-27.463882425658554 -11.534561334386567 C-27.2465974590604 -11.78979662001761, -27.02931249246225 -12.045031905648653, -26.695142945893345 -12.437566469834355 M-26.695142945893345 -12.437566469834355 C-26.511121959279436 -12.627583246917196, -26.327100972665527 -12.817600024000035, -25.87012718616451 -13.28946297680795 M-26.695142945893345 -12.437566469834355 C-26.410079269058812 -12.731918120329134, -26.125015592224283 -13.026269770823914, -25.87012718616451 -13.28946297680795 M-25.87012718616451 -13.28946297680795 C-25.533241005343537 -13.595414092709659, -25.19635482452256 -13.901365208611368, -24.992225313194098 -14.086750229828974 M-25.87012718616451 -13.28946297680795 C-25.658482059374865 -13.481673481135111, -25.44683693258522 -13.673883985462272, -24.992225313194098 -14.086750229828974 M-24.992225313194098 -14.086750229828974 C-24.711045251822906 -14.31098384625682, -24.429865190451718 -14.535217462684667, -24.0650448140875 -14.826152004557194 M-24.992225313194098 -14.086750229828974 C-24.801637827061505 -14.23873867827371, -24.611050340928916 -14.390727126718447, -24.0650448140875 -14.826152004557194 M-24.0650448140875 -14.826152004557194 C-23.862339901359285 -14.967550176722154, -23.659634988631066 -15.108948348887115, -23.092395672395163 -15.504629940499045 M-24.0650448140875 -14.826152004557194 C-23.86511657911669 -14.965613286519028, -23.665188344145882 -15.105074568480864, -23.092395672395163 -15.504629940499045 M-23.092395672395163 -15.504629940499045 C-22.833054000648687 -15.661844385972591, -22.57371232890221 -15.819058831446135, -22.07827471207285 -16.1193960262827 M-23.092395672395163 -15.504629940499045 C-22.884450923246153 -15.630687269452162, -22.676506174097145 -15.756744598405279, -22.07827471207285 -16.1193960262827 M-22.07827471207285 -16.1193960262827 C-21.706518547869535 -16.313340979026385, -21.33476238366622 -16.507285931770067, -21.02684917367483 -16.667924056194753 M-22.07827471207285 -16.1193960262827 C-21.798764196038128 -16.265216483462986, -21.519253680003406 -16.41103694064327, -21.02684917367483 -16.667924056194753 M-21.02684917367483 -16.667924056194753 C-20.627849244212523 -16.84454948905534, -20.228849314750214 -17.021174921915925, -19.94243959026843 -17.147960010901397 M-21.02684917367483 -16.667924056194753 C-20.771613227843112 -16.78090943810913, -20.516377282011398 -16.893894820023505, -19.94243959026843 -17.147960010901397 M-19.94243959026843 -17.147960010901397 C-19.532170231250625 -17.29894292750833, -19.121900872232818 -17.449925844115267, -18.829502033436995 -17.557531319697365 M-19.94243959026843 -17.147960010901397 C-19.691244762726047 -17.240402029456526, -19.440049935183662 -17.332844048011655, -18.829502033436995 -17.557531319697365 M-18.829502033436995 -17.557531319697365 C-18.5271882121419 -17.647256474980118, -18.224874390846807 -17.73698163026287, -17.692609802325904 -17.894954966222038 M-18.829502033436995 -17.557531319697365 C-18.57606281146402 -17.632750750449322, -18.322623589491048 -17.707970181201276, -17.692609802325904 -17.894954966222038 M-17.692609802325904 -17.894954966222038 C-17.31980746655888 -17.980044666598268, -16.94700513079186 -18.065134366974497, -16.536434630975396 -18.158844404334708 M-17.692609802325904 -17.894954966222038 C-17.25200016633254 -17.995521240390943, -16.811390530339178 -18.096087514559848, -16.536434630975396 -18.158844404334708 M-16.536434630975396 -18.158844404334708 C-16.1201344309797 -18.226148592213743, -15.703834230984002 -18.293452780092778, -15.365727491163373 -18.34811525573005 M-16.536434630975396 -18.158844404334708 C-16.252506762932967 -18.204747660146307, -15.968578894890536 -18.250650915957902, -15.365727491163373 -18.34811525573005 M-15.365727491163373 -18.34811525573005 C-14.913500372940089 -18.39174106194237, -14.461273254716804 -18.435366868154688, -14.18529906964319 -18.46198976588122 M-15.365727491163373 -18.34811525573005 C-15.011459934769096 -18.382291020826333, -14.657192378374821 -18.416466785922616, -14.18529906964319 -18.46198976588122 M-14.18529906964319 -18.46198976588122 C-13.818084758390375 -18.4737656141038, -13.45087044713756 -18.485541462326385, -13.000000000000005 -18.5 M-14.18529906964319 -18.46198976588122 C-13.777491817144185 -18.475067350720202, -13.369684564645182 -18.48814493555918, -13.000000000000005 -18.5 M-13.000000000000005 -18.5 C-13.000000000000004 -18.5, -13.000000000000004 -18.5, -13 -18.5 M-13.000000000000005 -18.5 C-13.000000000000004 -18.5, -13.000000000000002 -18.5, -13 -18.5\" stroke=\"#4948b8\" stroke-width=\"1.3\" fill=\"none\" stroke-dasharray=\"0 0\" style=\"\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Cg class=\"label\" style=\"\" transform=\"translate(-18.875, -10.5)\">\u003Crect\u002F>\u003CforeignObject width=\"37.75\" height=\"21\">\u003Cdiv xmlns=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.w3.org\u002F1999\u002Fxhtml\" style=\"display: table-cell; white-space: nowrap; line-height: 1.5; max-width: 200px; text-align: center;\">\u003Cspan class=\"nodeLabel\">\u003Cp>UCLA\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003C\u002FforeignObject>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Cg class=\"node default\" id=\"ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969-flowchart-SRI-1\" data-look=\"classic\" transform=\"translate(180.94804763793945, 36.5)\">\u003Cg class=\"basic label-container outer-path\">\u003Cpath d=\"M-35.4765625 -18.5 C-7.824321351089406 -18.5, 19.82791979782119 -18.5, 35.4765625 -18.5 C35.4765625 -18.5, 35.4765625 -18.5, 35.4765625 -18.5 C35.903423144640136 -18.48631140996023, 36.33028378928027 -18.472622819920463, 36.661861569643186 -18.46198976588122 C37.08908056047121 -18.42077646364205, 37.51629955129924 -18.37956316140288, 37.84228999116336 -18.348115255730054 C38.25190903784072 -18.28189122490641, 38.66152808451807 -18.215667194082766, 39.012997130975386 -18.15884440433471 C39.34542738848751 -18.08296936736773, 39.67785764599963 -18.007094330400754, 40.16917230232588 -17.894954966222045 C40.543487127300075 -17.783860290988315, 40.91780195227426 -17.672765615754585, 41.30606453343698 -17.557531319697368 C41.6122891074705 -17.4448378457441, 41.91851368150403 -17.332144371790832, 42.41900209026842 -17.147960010901404 C42.76706204855079 -16.99388419220162, 43.11512200683316 -16.839808373501835, 43.503411673674826 -16.667924056194753 C43.809604440402026 -16.508183485919, 44.11579720712922 -16.34844291564325, 44.55483721207285 -16.119396026282708 C44.94735231319905 -15.881451065305232, 45.33986741432525 -15.643506104327756, 45.56895817239515 -15.504629940499052 C45.93042012417388 -15.252489730373911, 46.291882075952614 -15.000349520248768, 46.5416073140875 -14.826152004557198 C46.87997595711351 -14.556312016111706, 47.21834460013952 -14.286472027666214, 47.46878781319408 -14.086750229828988 C47.76706318879044 -13.815864425646353, 48.06533856438679 -13.544978621463718, 48.346689686164495 -13.289462976807961 C48.675211170908625 -12.95023757169414, 49.003732655652755 -12.611012166580322, 49.17170544589334 -12.437566469834366 C49.34683757356756 -12.23184630736785, 49.52196970124179 -12.026126144901335, 49.940444925658554 -11.534561334386572 C50.186894865717555 -11.204340866758933, 50.43334480577655 -10.874120399131296, 50.64974921004368 -10.584158212260142 C50.83676988576761 -10.296844232264998, 51.02379056149154 -10.009530252269856, 51.2967036155989 -9.590262513744715 C51.425076455951476 -9.362323536539053, 51.55344929630405 -9.134384559333391, 51.878649667900504 -8.556958369455453 C52.070600631353585 -8.158368086752454, 52.262551594806666 -7.759777804049453, 52.393196025792534 -7.48849184776429 C52.487340827602466 -7.2559523671278265, 52.581485629412406 -7.023412886491363, 52.83822830792056 -6.3892535067942 C52.92431705894093 -6.12996790510061, 53.0104058099613 -5.870682303407021, 53.21191778117822 -5.2637603526741055 C53.31370889000025 -4.8755867381900915, 53.41549999882227 -4.487413123706077, 53.512728875363734 -4.116637278191818 C53.59922954395502 -3.672474626898344, 53.685730212546304 -3.22831197560487, 53.739425493167325 -2.9525980581175224 C53.79676941135121 -2.5078499525207927, 53.85411332953509 -2.0631018469240625, 53.891076089560165 -1.776425979292116 C53.91409418454014 -1.4179005701071559, 53.937112279520115 -1.0593751609221957, 53.96705749971272 -0.5929541850756206 C53.96705749971272 -0.35461591543779786, 53.96705749971272 -0.11627764579997513, 53.96705749971272 0.592954185075616 C53.95020758486607 0.8554052098186592, 53.933357670019426 1.1178562345617022, 53.891076089560165 1.7764259792921033 C53.8363590178842 2.2008007821029616, 53.78164194620824 2.6251755849138196, 53.73942549316733 2.9525980581175095 C53.661707677208604 3.3516626173993362, 53.58398986124988 3.750727176681163, 53.512728875363734 4.116637278191814 C53.399063121451384 4.550094060908978, 53.285397367539034 4.983550843626142, 53.21191778117822 5.263760352674093 C53.07711974278135 5.669750567174718, 52.942321704384476 6.075740781675343, 52.83822830792057 6.389253506794188 C52.661831673081224 6.824956605244313, 52.48543503824187 7.260659703694438, 52.393196025792534 7.488491847764285 C52.22148266691703 7.845058311546576, 52.04976930804152 8.201624775328867, 51.878649667900504 8.556958369455447 C51.71556623031571 8.846529526876017, 51.55248279273091 9.136100684296588, 51.2967036155989 9.590262513744712 C51.05090485777961 9.967875411963366, 50.80510609996031 10.34548831018202, 50.64974921004369 10.584158212260133 C50.36643360349106 10.963775314457918, 50.08311799693844 11.343392416655702, 49.940444925658554 11.534561334386567 C49.69988384980573 11.817138062396285, 49.459322773952906 12.099714790406003, 49.171705445893345 12.437566469834355 C48.91082972519772 12.706942069747576, 48.649954004502106 12.976317669660798, 48.3466896861645 13.289462976807956 C48.04767420243975 13.561020927610617, 47.74865871871499 13.832578878413276, 47.4687878131941 14.086750229828976 C47.14622615375844 14.34398456950266, 46.823664494322784 14.601218909176346, 46.5416073140875 14.826152004557196 C46.292484448670415 14.999929331117121, 46.043361583253336 15.173706657677046, 45.568958172395156 15.504629940499047 C45.275778309013404 15.682357296597184, 44.98259844563165 15.86008465269532, 44.55483721207285 16.119396026282704 C44.244662114140894 16.28121417619717, 43.93448701620894 16.44303232611164, 43.503411673674826 16.667924056194753 C43.17536829722873 16.813139127886423, 42.84732492078264 16.95835419957809, 42.41900209026843 17.1479600109014 C42.094573626617255 17.267352684508875, 41.77014516296609 17.386745358116347, 41.306064533436995 17.557531319697365 C40.96945091776351 17.657436473908334, 40.63283730209002 17.7573416281193, 40.169172302325904 17.89495496622204 C39.81961182555406 17.974739863949925, 39.47005134878221 18.054524761677808, 39.01299713097539 18.158844404334708 C38.61568923518879 18.223078063756734, 38.21838133940219 18.287311723178764, 37.84228999116337 18.34811525573005 C37.55653497052374 18.37568169890046, 37.270779949884115 18.403248142070876, 36.661861569643186 18.46198976588122 C36.305390580341516 18.473421096679438, 35.94891959103984 18.484852427477655, 35.4765625 18.5 C35.4765625 18.5, 35.4765625 18.5, 35.4765625 18.5 C20.33998352311714 18.5, 5.203404546234278 18.5, -35.4765625 18.5 C-35.94272986352183 18.485050919991583, -36.408897227043674 18.470101839983165, -36.66186156964318 18.46198976588122 C-37.05546554790531 18.424019263476314, -37.44906952616744 18.386048761071407, -37.84228999116336 18.34811525573005 C-38.25539014173778 18.281328427024693, -38.6684902923122 18.214541598319336, -39.012997130975386 18.158844404334708 C-39.335498573462395 18.08523555460564, -39.658000015949405 18.01162670487657, -40.16917230232588 17.894954966222045 C-40.564694100276284 17.77756617272665, -40.960215898226686 17.660177379231257, -41.306064533436974 17.557531319697375 C-41.73995557350422 17.397855406107823, -42.17384661357146 17.23817949251827, -42.41900209026842 17.147960010901404 C-42.68131742207237 17.031840794819644, -42.943632753876315 16.915721578737884, -43.50341167367482 16.667924056194757 C-43.87312072137508 16.475047082819476, -44.24282976907534 16.2821701094442, -44.55483721207284 16.119396026282708 C-44.784383135123534 15.980243938767803, -45.01392905817423 15.841091851252898, -45.56895817239514 15.50462994049906 C-45.769970071120866 15.364412741612842, -45.97098196984659 15.224195542726626, -46.54160731408749 14.8261520045572 C-46.731730772105294 14.674533606185701, -46.9218542301231 14.522915207814203, -47.46878781319408 14.086750229828992 C-47.73005296907057 13.849476127959182, -47.991318124947064 13.612202026089374, -48.34668968616449 13.289462976807968 C-48.636263282155895 12.990454464512466, -48.9258368781473 12.691445952216965, -49.17170544589334 12.43756646983436 C-49.47652675054125 12.079506020571335, -49.781348055189156 11.72144557130831, -49.940444925658554 11.534561334386574 C-50.172271318827825 11.223935087358644, -50.404097711997096 10.913308840330714, -50.64974921004368 10.584158212260144 C-50.85538673353346 10.268243754773064, -51.061024257023234 9.952329297285981, -51.2967036155989 9.590262513744724 C-51.502542132271884 9.224775383981854, -51.70838064894486 8.859288254218983, -51.878649667900504 8.556958369455455 C-51.994215325141 8.316983809486628, -52.10978098238149 8.077009249517799, -52.393196025792534 7.488491847764292 C-52.496736249132105 7.2327454943015095, -52.60027647247168 6.976999140838726, -52.83822830792056 6.389253506794202 C-52.93850494111266 6.087236264531378, -53.03878157430477 5.785219022268554, -53.21191778117822 5.2637603526741 C-53.29689782656956 4.939694609012265, -53.3818778719609 4.61562886535043, -53.512728875363734 4.116637278191821 C-53.562491029435456 3.8611191342685327, -53.61225318350717 3.605600990345245, -53.739425493167325 2.9525980581175246 C-53.77535425293217 2.6739416923174866, -53.81128301269702 2.3952853265174485, -53.891076089560165 1.7764259792921264 C-53.91417975288258 1.4165677741041083, -53.937283416205 1.0567095689160901, -53.96705749971272 0.5929541850756229 C-53.96705749971272 0.3217076496531654, -53.96705749971272 0.05046111423070787, -53.96705749971272 -0.5929541850756139 C-53.94054301346299 -1.0059387105232593, -53.91402852721326 -1.4189232359709045, -53.891076089560165 -1.776425979292101 C-53.85720098696997 -2.0391545855860125, -53.823325884379784 -2.3018831918799236, -53.73942549316733 -2.9525980581175157 C-53.65363353460447 -3.3931216332009613, -53.567841576041594 -3.8336452082844064, -53.512728875363734 -4.116637278191813 C-53.403543535816326 -4.53300829911159, -53.29435819626892 -4.949379320031369, -53.21191778117823 -5.263760352674091 C-53.06686807056767 -5.700626970500183, -52.92181835995711 -6.137493588326275, -52.83822830792057 -6.389253506794178 C-52.724003582481885 -6.671390787012572, -52.609778857043196 -6.953528067230967, -52.393196025792534 -7.488491847764283 C-52.207630057536065 -7.8738235513245, -52.022064089279596 -8.259155254884718, -51.878649667900504 -8.556958369455446 C-51.702757861457705 -8.869272082771396, -51.52686605501491 -9.181585796087347, -51.2967036155989 -9.590262513744717 C-51.055957609267516 -9.960113028824182, -50.81521160293614 -10.329963543903647, -50.64974921004368 -10.584158212260139 C-50.44906391993951 -10.853058218193686, -50.248378629835344 -11.121958224127233, -49.940444925658554 -11.534561334386567 C-49.75797988624227 -11.748895152239802, -49.57551484682599 -11.963228970093038, -49.171705445893345 -12.437566469834355 C-48.870784100240904 -12.748292465322452, -48.569862754588456 -13.059018460810549, -48.34668968616451 -13.28946297680795 C-48.10730883789715 -13.506862329534194, -47.8679279896298 -13.724261682260435, -47.4687878131941 -14.086750229828974 C-47.122672033092975 -14.362768353931893, -46.77655625299185 -14.638786478034811, -46.5416073140875 -14.826152004557194 C-46.18712280792389 -15.073425050669982, -45.83263830176028 -15.32069809678277, -45.56895817239516 -15.504629940499045 C-45.18986299670314 -15.734439663814085, -44.81076782101112 -15.964249387129126, -44.554837212072854 -16.1193960262827 C-44.21826571713441 -16.29498515960776, -43.881694222195954 -16.47057429293282, -43.50341167367483 -16.667924056194753 C-43.182206259172105 -16.810112164975028, -42.86100084466938 -16.9523002737553, -42.41900209026843 -17.147960010901397 C-42.002701655187366 -17.301162419250264, -41.5864012201063 -17.454364827599132, -41.306064533436995 -17.557531319697365 C-40.949459818493935 -17.66336972723612, -40.592855103550875 -17.769208134774875, -40.169172302325904 -17.894954966222038 C-39.813955246321925 -17.97603094124703, -39.458738190317945 -18.057106916272016, -39.01299713097539 -18.158844404334708 C-38.54781310811205 -18.234051749595277, -38.08262908524871 -18.309259094855843, -37.842289991163376 -18.34811525573005 C-37.44112674939253 -18.3868149911943, -37.039963507621685 -18.425514726658545, -36.66186156964319 -18.46198976588122 C-36.26896564693617 -18.474589173396915, -35.87606972422913 -18.48718858091261, -35.47656250000001 -18.5 C-35.47656250000001 -18.5, -35.4765625 -18.5, -35.4765625 -18.5\" stroke=\"none\" stroke-width=\"0\" fill=\"#eef0fc\" style=\"\"\u002F>\u003Cpath d=\"M-35.4765625 -18.5 C-18.54161973079954 -18.5, -1.606676961599078 -18.5, 35.4765625 -18.5 M-35.4765625 -18.5 C-13.199289576345969 -18.5, 9.077983347308063 -18.5, 35.4765625 -18.5 M35.4765625 -18.5 C35.4765625 -18.5, 35.4765625 -18.5, 35.4765625 -18.5 M35.4765625 -18.5 C35.4765625 -18.5, 35.4765625 -18.5, 35.4765625 -18.5 M35.4765625 -18.5 C35.86909329709158 -18.48741230135212, 36.26162409418316 -18.47482460270424, 36.661861569643186 -18.46198976588122 M35.4765625 -18.5 C35.92097793054721 -18.48574846214451, 36.36539336109441 -18.47149692428902, 36.661861569643186 -18.46198976588122 M36.661861569643186 -18.46198976588122 C36.996960871521885 -18.42966313924486, 37.33206017340058 -18.397336512608494, 37.84228999116336 -18.348115255730054 M36.661861569643186 -18.46198976588122 C37.024533030769696 -18.427003286202595, 37.387204491896206 -18.392016806523966, 37.84228999116336 -18.348115255730054 M37.84228999116336 -18.348115255730054 C38.1515420497274 -18.298117781186953, 38.46079410829144 -18.24812030664385, 39.012997130975386 -18.15884440433471 M37.84228999116336 -18.348115255730054 C38.081033448665735 -18.309517065004236, 38.31977690616811 -18.27091887427842, 39.012997130975386 -18.15884440433471 M39.012997130975386 -18.15884440433471 C39.37413336671567 -18.076417415161167, 39.73526960245595 -17.993990425987626, 40.16917230232588 -17.894954966222045 M39.012997130975386 -18.15884440433471 C39.37762383762571 -18.0756207379534, 39.74225054427605 -17.992397071572093, 40.16917230232588 -17.894954966222045 M40.16917230232588 -17.894954966222045 C40.55988319817095 -17.77899402321857, 40.950594094016026 -17.663033080215097, 41.30606453343698 -17.557531319697368 M40.16917230232588 -17.894954966222045 C40.58920186691805 -17.770292396231266, 41.009231431510216 -17.645629826240484, 41.30606453343698 -17.557531319697368 M41.30606453343698 -17.557531319697368 C41.6579899388501 -17.428019517342555, 42.00991534426322 -17.298507714987743, 42.41900209026842 -17.147960010901404 M41.30606453343698 -17.557531319697368 C41.72791003631241 -17.40228827514213, 42.149755539187844 -17.24704523058689, 42.41900209026842 -17.147960010901404 M42.41900209026842 -17.147960010901404 C42.68597275497678 -17.029780017038405, 42.952943419685134 -16.911600023175406, 43.503411673674826 -16.667924056194753 M42.41900209026842 -17.147960010901404 C42.69074395862412 -17.027667946716456, 42.96248582697982 -16.907375882531504, 43.503411673674826 -16.667924056194753 M43.503411673674826 -16.667924056194753 C43.81422216075882 -16.505774424166653, 44.125032647842815 -16.343624792138552, 44.55483721207285 -16.119396026282708 M43.503411673674826 -16.667924056194753 C43.89136429617231 -16.46552942153333, 44.2793169186698 -16.263134786871905, 44.55483721207285 -16.119396026282708 M44.55483721207285 -16.119396026282708 C44.8212600881435 -15.957888913134072, 45.087682964214146 -15.796381799985436, 45.56895817239515 -15.504629940499052 M44.55483721207285 -16.119396026282708 C44.857905398068844 -15.93567431090558, 45.16097358406485 -15.75195259552845, 45.56895817239515 -15.504629940499052 M45.56895817239515 -15.504629940499052 C45.876126443281244 -15.29036265182905, 46.18329471416734 -15.076095363159046, 46.5416073140875 -14.826152004557198 M45.56895817239515 -15.504629940499052 C45.876418251157595 -15.290159099286663, 46.18387832992005 -15.075688258074274, 46.5416073140875 -14.826152004557198 M46.5416073140875 -14.826152004557198 C46.78004825055722 -14.636001702902396, 47.01848918702694 -14.445851401247593, 47.46878781319408 -14.086750229828988 M46.5416073140875 -14.826152004557198 C46.866101425995424 -14.5673765854616, 47.19059553790334 -14.308601166366003, 47.46878781319408 -14.086750229828988 M47.46878781319408 -14.086750229828988 C47.72188778280594 -13.856891534085724, 47.97498775241781 -13.62703283834246, 48.346689686164495 -13.289462976807961 M47.46878781319408 -14.086750229828988 C47.75407771376635 -13.827657490486386, 48.03936761433862 -13.568564751143782, 48.346689686164495 -13.289462976807961 M48.346689686164495 -13.289462976807961 C48.54059083015569 -13.089244126057068, 48.73449197414689 -12.889025275306173, 49.17170544589334 -12.437566469834366 M48.346689686164495 -13.289462976807961 C48.59523742362835 -13.032817031727788, 48.8437851610922 -12.776171086647615, 49.17170544589334 -12.437566469834366 M49.17170544589334 -12.437566469834366 C49.34169380975017 -12.23788846503622, 49.51168217360699 -12.038210460238073, 49.940444925658554 -11.534561334386572 M49.17170544589334 -12.437566469834366 C49.429519831770406 -12.134723022129016, 49.68733421764748 -11.831879574423667, 49.940444925658554 -11.534561334386572 M49.940444925658554 -11.534561334386572 C50.08462066164382 -11.341378982846074, 50.228796397629075 -11.148196631305575, 50.64974921004368 -10.584158212260142 M49.940444925658554 -11.534561334386572 C50.16288388453224 -11.236513394101864, 50.38532284340593 -10.938465453817155, 50.64974921004368 -10.584158212260142 M50.64974921004368 -10.584158212260142 C50.8437096305485 -10.286182920699144, 51.03767005105333 -9.988207629138145, 51.2967036155989 -9.590262513744715 M50.64974921004368 -10.584158212260142 C50.84273404909541 -10.2876816757914, 51.03571888814714 -9.991205139322657, 51.2967036155989 -9.590262513744715 M51.2967036155989 -9.590262513744715 C51.414296203705206 -9.381464966021223, 51.531888791811504 -9.172667418297731, 51.878649667900504 -8.556958369455453 M51.2967036155989 -9.590262513744715 C51.47624949565138 -9.271460622719712, 51.65579537570385 -8.952658731694706, 51.878649667900504 -8.556958369455453 M51.878649667900504 -8.556958369455453 C52.03396065101387 -8.23445178989787, 52.18927163412723 -7.911945210340288, 52.393196025792534 -7.48849184776429 M51.878649667900504 -8.556958369455453 C52.01166240088967 -8.280754583386889, 52.144675133878835 -8.004550797318325, 52.393196025792534 -7.48849184776429 M52.393196025792534 -7.48849184776429 C52.54650170322971 -7.109823860530828, 52.699807380666876 -6.731155873297366, 52.83822830792056 -6.3892535067942 M52.393196025792534 -7.48849184776429 C52.55623349833395 -7.085786138471874, 52.71927097087538 -6.683080429179458, 52.83822830792056 -6.3892535067942 M52.83822830792056 -6.3892535067942 C52.976814555073915 -5.971853811088154, 53.11540080222728 -5.55445411538211, 53.21191778117822 -5.2637603526741055 M52.83822830792056 -6.3892535067942 C52.91406183960575 -6.160854991790852, 52.98989537129094 -5.932456476787503, 53.21191778117822 -5.2637603526741055 M53.21191778117822 -5.2637603526741055 C53.280959394495376 -5.000474758271304, 53.35000100781253 -4.737189163868503, 53.512728875363734 -4.116637278191818 M53.21191778117822 -5.2637603526741055 C53.30367596271173 -4.91384663823941, 53.39543414424523 -4.563932923804715, 53.512728875363734 -4.116637278191818 M53.512728875363734 -4.116637278191818 C53.56265513311005 -3.860276496582812, 53.61258139085636 -3.603915714973806, 53.739425493167325 -2.9525980581175224 M53.512728875363734 -4.116637278191818 C53.56500359131348 -3.848217660055027, 53.61727830726321 -3.5797980419182363, 53.739425493167325 -2.9525980581175224 M53.739425493167325 -2.9525980581175224 C53.791872803320004 -2.545827077466164, 53.84432011347268 -2.139056096814806, 53.891076089560165 -1.776425979292116 M53.739425493167325 -2.9525980581175224 C53.77416770449089 -2.683144327717562, 53.80890991581445 -2.4136905973176015, 53.891076089560165 -1.776425979292116 M53.891076089560165 -1.776425979292116 C53.90770062845872 -1.517485366860829, 53.924325167357274 -1.258544754429542, 53.96705749971272 -0.5929541850756206 M53.891076089560165 -1.776425979292116 C53.908975895216976 -1.497622057724203, 53.92687570087379 -1.2188181361562902, 53.96705749971272 -0.5929541850756206 M53.96705749971272 -0.5929541850756206 C53.96705749971272 -0.26388857902935564, 53.96705749971272 0.0651770270169093, 53.96705749971272 0.592954185075616 M53.96705749971272 -0.5929541850756206 C53.96705749971272 -0.1444478613684777, 53.96705749971272 0.3040584623386652, 53.96705749971272 0.592954185075616 M53.96705749971272 0.592954185075616 C53.94652873726569 0.9127062307070253, 53.92599997481865 1.2324582763384346, 53.891076089560165 1.7764259792921033 M53.96705749971272 0.592954185075616 C53.939293730082724 1.025397307574328, 53.911529960452725 1.4578404300730399, 53.891076089560165 1.7764259792921033 M53.891076089560165 1.7764259792921033 C53.84897794408754 2.10293088235871, 53.80687979861491 2.4294357854253166, 53.73942549316733 2.9525980581175095 M53.891076089560165 1.7764259792921033 C53.83776748973228 2.1898769525835053, 53.78445888990439 2.6033279258749067, 53.73942549316733 2.9525980581175095 M53.73942549316733 2.9525980581175095 C53.66059564025634 3.357372692120117, 53.581765787345354 3.762147326122725, 53.512728875363734 4.116637278191814 M53.73942549316733 2.9525980581175095 C53.668613290623824 3.3162037520141077, 53.59780108808032 3.679809445910706, 53.512728875363734 4.116637278191814 M53.512728875363734 4.116637278191814 C53.440968319958145 4.390291377174787, 53.36920776455255 4.6639454761577595, 53.21191778117822 5.263760352674093 M53.512728875363734 4.116637278191814 C53.417467608939994 4.479909773559561, 53.32220634251626 4.843182268927309, 53.21191778117822 5.263760352674093 M53.21191778117822 5.263760352674093 C53.10926418009213 5.572936643515195, 53.00661057900605 5.882112934356297, 52.83822830792057 6.389253506794188 M53.21191778117822 5.263760352674093 C53.087948492821155 5.63713609738184, 52.96397920446409 6.010511842089587, 52.83822830792057 6.389253506794188 M52.83822830792057 6.389253506794188 C52.69550012303739 6.741794882917386, 52.5527719381542 7.094336259040583, 52.393196025792534 7.488491847764285 M52.83822830792057 6.389253506794188 C52.672427511743194 6.79878467889264, 52.506626715565815 7.208315850991093, 52.393196025792534 7.488491847764285 M52.393196025792534 7.488491847764285 C52.22506457776716 7.837620397025668, 52.05693312974178 8.18674894628705, 51.878649667900504 8.556958369455447 M52.393196025792534 7.488491847764285 C52.240236457789706 7.806115663532614, 52.08727688978688 8.123739479300943, 51.878649667900504 8.556958369455447 M51.878649667900504 8.556958369455447 C51.73021226788469 8.820524004100173, 51.58177486786887 9.084089638744897, 51.2967036155989 9.590262513744712 M51.878649667900504 8.556958369455447 C51.655418021804344 8.953328761754502, 51.43218637570819 9.349699154053557, 51.2967036155989 9.590262513744712 M51.2967036155989 9.590262513744712 C51.08514633567864 9.915271306786199, 50.87358905575837 10.240280099827684, 50.64974921004369 10.584158212260133 M51.2967036155989 9.590262513744712 C51.14919993111557 9.81686778339636, 51.001696246632235 10.043473053048006, 50.64974921004369 10.584158212260133 M50.64974921004369 10.584158212260133 C50.505877335156626 10.776933417611353, 50.36200546026957 10.969708622962571, 49.940444925658554 11.534561334386567 M50.64974921004369 10.584158212260133 C50.42117961062746 10.890420652358992, 50.192610011211244 11.19668309245785, 49.940444925658554 11.534561334386567 M49.940444925658554 11.534561334386567 C49.72089655239924 11.792455346273295, 49.50134817913993 12.050349358160023, 49.171705445893345 12.437566469834355 M49.940444925658554 11.534561334386567 C49.73048306357383 11.781194484759688, 49.5205212014891 12.027827635132809, 49.171705445893345 12.437566469834355 M49.171705445893345 12.437566469834355 C48.960877012293416 12.655264136862588, 48.75004857869349 12.872961803890822, 48.3466896861645 13.289462976807956 M49.171705445893345 12.437566469834355 C48.873656418800344 12.745326560588088, 48.57560739170734 13.053086651341822, 48.3466896861645 13.289462976807956 M48.3466896861645 13.289462976807956 C48.137822895813315 13.479150269492463, 47.928956105462134 13.66883756217697, 47.4687878131941 14.086750229828976 M48.3466896861645 13.289462976807956 C48.146516232922956 13.471255210742584, 47.94634277968141 13.653047444677211, 47.4687878131941 14.086750229828976 M47.4687878131941 14.086750229828976 C47.23787035581537 14.270900757116902, 47.00695289843664 14.455051284404826, 46.5416073140875 14.826152004557196 M47.4687878131941 14.086750229828976 C47.180589620018935 14.31658061961016, 46.892391426843766 14.546411009391347, 46.5416073140875 14.826152004557196 M46.5416073140875 14.826152004557196 C46.336046396433794 14.969542402123713, 46.130485478780095 15.112932799690231, 45.568958172395156 15.504629940499047 M46.5416073140875 14.826152004557196 C46.247323435659034 15.031431698805118, 45.95303955723057 15.23671139305304, 45.568958172395156 15.504629940499047 M45.568958172395156 15.504629940499047 C45.20721768986836 15.723919146829829, 44.84547720734156 15.943208353160612, 44.55483721207285 16.119396026282704 M45.568958172395156 15.504629940499047 C45.34125240066551 15.642666517469207, 45.11354662893586 15.780703094439367, 44.55483721207285 16.119396026282704 M44.55483721207285 16.119396026282704 C44.19174320905986 16.308821935081774, 43.82864920604687 16.49824784388084, 43.503411673674826 16.667924056194753 M44.55483721207285 16.119396026282704 C44.22958011932283 16.289082443233276, 43.90432302657282 16.45876886018385, 43.503411673674826 16.667924056194753 M43.503411673674826 16.667924056194753 C43.22604608461001 16.79070557471588, 42.9486804955452 16.913487093237006, 42.41900209026843 17.1479600109014 M43.503411673674826 16.667924056194753 C43.2800025615218 16.76682064294905, 43.056593449368776 16.865717229703346, 42.41900209026843 17.1479600109014 M42.41900209026843 17.1479600109014 C42.05055752925138 17.28355101521986, 41.682112968234335 17.41914201953832, 41.306064533436995 17.557531319697365 M42.41900209026843 17.1479600109014 C42.02226319547385 17.293963591599944, 41.625524300679274 17.43996717229849, 41.306064533436995 17.557531319697365 M41.306064533436995 17.557531319697365 C41.044519157045485 17.63515661453067, 40.78297378065398 17.712781909363972, 40.169172302325904 17.89495496622204 M41.306064533436995 17.557531319697365 C40.88911562052724 17.681279568439475, 40.4721667076175 17.805027817181585, 40.169172302325904 17.89495496622204 M40.169172302325904 17.89495496622204 C39.87739426027897 17.96155140028959, 39.585616218232026 18.02814783435714, 39.01299713097539 18.158844404334708 M40.169172302325904 17.89495496622204 C39.79639098202115 17.980039869956144, 39.423609661716405 18.065124773690247, 39.01299713097539 18.158844404334708 M39.01299713097539 18.158844404334708 C38.72248989604021 18.205811361161775, 38.43198266110503 18.252778317988838, 37.84228999116337 18.34811525573005 M39.01299713097539 18.158844404334708 C38.718529994764104 18.206451567290603, 38.42406285855281 18.254058730246495, 37.84228999116337 18.34811525573005 M37.84228999116337 18.34811525573005 C37.450538359958685 18.385907064442097, 37.058786728753994 18.423698873154148, 36.661861569643186 18.46198976588122 M37.84228999116337 18.34811525573005 C37.49224368594983 18.381883801801724, 37.142197380736285 18.4156523478734, 36.661861569643186 18.46198976588122 M36.661861569643186 18.46198976588122 C36.23677932805485 18.47562132599657, 35.81169708646651 18.489252886111917, 35.4765625 18.5 M36.661861569643186 18.46198976588122 C36.381623020444316 18.470976470702784, 36.101384471245446 18.479963175524347, 35.4765625 18.5 M35.4765625 18.5 C35.4765625 18.5, 35.4765625 18.5, 35.4765625 18.5 M35.4765625 18.5 C35.4765625 18.5, 35.4765625 18.5, 35.4765625 18.5 M35.4765625 18.5 C7.40417550019011 18.5, -20.66821149961978 18.5, -35.4765625 18.5 M35.4765625 18.5 C11.499147199958088 18.5, -12.478268100083824 18.5, -35.4765625 18.5 M-35.4765625 18.5 C-35.783693643318166 18.49015090202829, -36.090824786636325 18.48030180405658, -36.66186156964318 18.46198976588122 M-35.4765625 18.5 C-35.8142650542732 18.489170536382606, -36.15196760854639 18.478341072765208, -36.66186156964318 18.46198976588122 M-36.66186156964318 18.46198976588122 C-37.05521579896507 18.424043356456213, -37.448570028286966 18.386096947031202, -37.84228999116336 18.34811525573005 M-36.66186156964318 18.46198976588122 C-36.92720272379561 18.43639262385956, -37.19254387794804 18.410795481837905, -37.84228999116336 18.34811525573005 M-37.84228999116336 18.34811525573005 C-38.08405972122477 18.309027800725982, -38.32582945128617 18.269940345721913, -39.012997130975386 18.158844404334708 M-37.84228999116336 18.34811525573005 C-38.103281115022924 18.30592023484083, -38.36427223888248 18.263725213951613, -39.012997130975386 18.158844404334708 M-39.012997130975386 18.158844404334708 C-39.35990834627566 18.079664183249665, -39.706819561575934 18.000483962164623, -40.16917230232588 17.894954966222045 M-39.012997130975386 18.158844404334708 C-39.37227576249734 18.076841401202, -39.7315543940193 17.99483839806929, -40.16917230232588 17.894954966222045 M-40.16917230232588 17.894954966222045 C-40.39832571860108 17.826943435122395, -40.62747913487627 17.758931904022745, -41.306064533436974 17.557531319697375 M-40.16917230232588 17.894954966222045 C-40.397702961363436 17.82712826620161, -40.626233620400996 17.75930156618117, -41.306064533436974 17.557531319697375 M-41.306064533436974 17.557531319697375 C-41.745912513367166 17.395663197172908, -42.18576049329735 17.233795074648445, -42.41900209026842 17.147960010901404 M-41.306064533436974 17.557531319697375 C-41.584660987676585 17.455005249219806, -41.8632574419162 17.352479178742236, -42.41900209026842 17.147960010901404 M-42.41900209026842 17.147960010901404 C-42.724100446514335 17.01290201901251, -43.029198802760256 16.877844027123622, -43.50341167367482 16.667924056194757 M-42.41900209026842 17.147960010901404 C-42.71173589370969 17.018375439757705, -43.00446969715096 16.888790868614002, -43.50341167367482 16.667924056194757 M-43.50341167367482 16.667924056194757 C-43.77834646262408 16.524490752904065, -44.053281251573345 16.38105744961337, -44.55483721207284 16.119396026282708 M-43.50341167367482 16.667924056194757 C-43.897926209817406 16.46210607538779, -44.29244074595999 16.256288094580825, -44.55483721207284 16.119396026282708 M-44.55483721207284 16.119396026282708 C-44.86368546584636 15.932170399851401, -45.17253371961988 15.744944773420093, -45.56895817239514 15.50462994049906 M-44.55483721207284 16.119396026282708 C-44.92649970840464 15.894092036875108, -45.29816220473644 15.668788047467507, -45.56895817239514 15.50462994049906 M-45.56895817239514 15.50462994049906 C-45.82803933621941 15.32390613605807, -46.087120500043675 15.143182331617083, -46.54160731408749 14.8261520045572 M-45.56895817239514 15.50462994049906 C-45.78762196476075 15.35209954474782, -46.00628575712636 15.199569148996579, -46.54160731408749 14.8261520045572 M-46.54160731408749 14.8261520045572 C-46.77389724147689 14.640906968958731, -47.00618716886628 14.455661933360265, -47.46878781319408 14.086750229828992 M-46.54160731408749 14.8261520045572 C-46.77762536102007 14.637933892832468, -47.01364340795266 14.449715781107738, -47.46878781319408 14.086750229828992 M-47.46878781319408 14.086750229828992 C-47.727616138073856 13.851689193395385, -47.98644446295363 13.616628156961779, -48.34668968616449 13.289462976807968 M-47.46878781319408 14.086750229828992 C-47.768307483255846 13.814734390335099, -48.06782715331761 13.542718550841204, -48.34668968616449 13.289462976807968 M-48.34668968616449 13.289462976807968 C-48.56121617625796 13.067946762834069, -48.77574266635143 12.84643054886017, -49.17170544589334 12.43756646983436 M-48.34668968616449 13.289462976807968 C-48.51817340553181 13.112391957486013, -48.689657124899135 12.935320938164057, -49.17170544589334 12.43756646983436 M-49.17170544589334 12.43756646983436 C-49.417847036556765 12.148434551587822, -49.66398862722019 11.859302633341287, -49.940444925658554 11.534561334386574 M-49.17170544589334 12.43756646983436 C-49.3609935367986 12.21521790745954, -49.55028162770387 11.992869345084719, -49.940444925658554 11.534561334386574 M-49.940444925658554 11.534561334386574 C-50.20336889296481 11.182267171062366, -50.46629286027107 10.829973007738158, -50.64974921004368 10.584158212260144 M-49.940444925658554 11.534561334386574 C-50.13238439369527 11.277379933262639, -50.324323861731976 11.020198532138703, -50.64974921004368 10.584158212260144 M-50.64974921004368 10.584158212260144 C-50.79124149444323 10.366788067424137, -50.932733778842774 10.14941792258813, -51.2967036155989 9.590262513744724 M-50.64974921004368 10.584158212260144 C-50.84946104710722 10.27734720039337, -51.04917288417076 9.970536188526596, -51.2967036155989 9.590262513744724 M-51.2967036155989 9.590262513744724 C-51.4270501281931 9.35881908161807, -51.5573966407873 9.127375649491412, -51.878649667900504 8.556958369455455 M-51.2967036155989 9.590262513744724 C-51.4185196529193 9.373965804270988, -51.54033569023971 9.157669094797251, -51.878649667900504 8.556958369455455 M-51.878649667900504 8.556958369455455 C-52.05606777768989 8.188545868338375, -52.233485887479276 7.8201333672212945, -52.393196025792534 7.488491847764292 M-51.878649667900504 8.556958369455455 C-51.982730570771615 8.340832147669023, -52.08681147364273 8.12470592588259, -52.393196025792534 7.488491847764292 M-52.393196025792534 7.488491847764292 C-52.49876246802315 7.227740694466345, -52.60432891025377 6.966989541168398, -52.83822830792056 6.389253506794202 M-52.393196025792534 7.488491847764292 C-52.485654216856595 7.260118328278534, -52.578112407920656 7.031744808792777, -52.83822830792056 6.389253506794202 M-52.83822830792056 6.389253506794202 C-52.9762306894792 5.9736123212331, -53.11423307103784 5.557971135671997, -53.21191778117822 5.2637603526741 M-52.83822830792056 6.389253506794202 C-52.986423543462934 5.942913069044833, -53.13461877900531 5.496572631295464, -53.21191778117822 5.2637603526741 M-53.21191778117822 5.2637603526741 C-53.30863128775145 4.894949836211483, -53.40534479432468 4.526139319748865, -53.512728875363734 4.116637278191821 M-53.21191778117822 5.2637603526741 C-53.27811837101448 5.011308812111329, -53.344318960850735 4.758857271548558, -53.512728875363734 4.116637278191821 M-53.512728875363734 4.116637278191821 C-53.57538516526051 3.7949104719834352, -53.638041455157285 3.47318366577505, -53.739425493167325 2.9525980581175246 M-53.512728875363734 4.116637278191821 C-53.58584946908185 3.7411784834922335, -53.65897006279997 3.365719688792647, -53.739425493167325 2.9525980581175246 M-53.739425493167325 2.9525980581175246 C-53.77487647049147 2.6776472785787555, -53.81032744781562 2.402696499039987, -53.891076089560165 1.7764259792921264 M-53.739425493167325 2.9525980581175246 C-53.78088419917991 2.6310525212314446, -53.82234290519249 2.3095069843453646, -53.891076089560165 1.7764259792921264 M-53.891076089560165 1.7764259792921264 C-53.91846992583177 1.3497448674551713, -53.94586376210338 0.9230637556182163, -53.96705749971272 0.5929541850756229 M-53.891076089560165 1.7764259792921264 C-53.90928535492116 1.492801973040132, -53.92749462028216 1.209177966788138, -53.96705749971272 0.5929541850756229 M-53.96705749971272 0.5929541850756229 C-53.96705749971272 0.13553092772636977, -53.96705749971272 -0.3218923296228834, -53.96705749971272 -0.5929541850756139 M-53.96705749971272 0.5929541850756229 C-53.96705749971272 0.15460801188691564, -53.96705749971272 -0.28373816130179164, -53.96705749971272 -0.5929541850756139 M-53.96705749971272 -0.5929541850756139 C-53.93740991340404 -1.0547392729343175, -53.907762327095355 -1.5165243607930212, -53.891076089560165 -1.776425979292101 M-53.96705749971272 -0.5929541850756139 C-53.94842486320435 -0.8831725386870093, -53.92979222669598 -1.1733908922984044, -53.891076089560165 -1.776425979292101 M-53.891076089560165 -1.776425979292101 C-53.84085462346661 -2.1659337529635327, -53.79063315737305 -2.555441526634964, -53.73942549316733 -2.9525980581175157 M-53.891076089560165 -1.776425979292101 C-53.84235235258241 -2.1543176617014654, -53.79362861560465 -2.5322093441108295, -53.73942549316733 -2.9525980581175157 M-53.73942549316733 -2.9525980581175157 C-53.673034266830584 -3.2935029735660515, -53.606643040493836 -3.6344078890145872, -53.512728875363734 -4.116637278191813 M-53.73942549316733 -2.9525980581175157 C-53.684780503350176 -3.2331885316059163, -53.63013551353302 -3.5137790050943174, -53.512728875363734 -4.116637278191813 M-53.512728875363734 -4.116637278191813 C-53.400686386748404 -4.543903846803824, -53.28864389813307 -4.971170415415836, -53.21191778117823 -5.263760352674091 M-53.512728875363734 -4.116637278191813 C-53.39727818194529 -4.556900808843391, -53.28182748852685 -4.997164339494969, -53.21191778117823 -5.263760352674091 M-53.21191778117823 -5.263760352674091 C-53.11861529660764 -5.54477257046858, -53.02531281203706 -5.82578478826307, -52.83822830792057 -6.389253506794178 M-53.21191778117823 -5.263760352674091 C-53.09845701009865 -5.605486117646889, -52.98499623901907 -5.947211882619685, -52.83822830792057 -6.389253506794178 M-52.83822830792057 -6.389253506794178 C-52.7435011016148 -6.623231537795386, -52.64877389530903 -6.857209568796593, -52.393196025792534 -7.488491847764283 M-52.83822830792057 -6.389253506794178 C-52.7226682327446 -6.674689126680884, -52.60710815756863 -6.960124746567591, -52.393196025792534 -7.488491847764283 M-52.393196025792534 -7.488491847764283 C-52.26082785154209 -7.763357193820546, -52.128459677291644 -8.03822253987681, -51.878649667900504 -8.556958369455446 M-52.393196025792534 -7.488491847764283 C-52.25278824799303 -7.780051602610128, -52.11238047019352 -8.071611357455975, -51.878649667900504 -8.556958369455446 M-51.878649667900504 -8.556958369455446 C-51.6598293052457 -8.94549608131349, -51.441008942590905 -9.334033793171534, -51.2967036155989 -9.590262513744717 M-51.878649667900504 -8.556958369455446 C-51.658554924504195 -8.947758873365078, -51.43846018110789 -9.33855937727471, -51.2967036155989 -9.590262513744717 M-51.2967036155989 -9.590262513744717 C-51.07740464995231 -9.927164614995538, -50.85810568430571 -10.264066716246358, -50.64974921004368 -10.584158212260139 M-51.2967036155989 -9.590262513744717 C-51.162924182594885 -9.795783647646596, -51.02914474959086 -10.001304781548475, -50.64974921004368 -10.584158212260139 M-50.64974921004368 -10.584158212260139 C-50.49725718539427 -10.788483632981114, -50.344765160744856 -10.992809053702091, -49.940444925658554 -11.534561334386567 M-50.64974921004368 -10.584158212260139 C-50.43812230309249 -10.86771898796689, -50.2264953961413 -11.15127976367364, -49.940444925658554 -11.534561334386567 M-49.940444925658554 -11.534561334386567 C-49.65379455636197 -11.871277169030414, -49.367144187065385 -12.207993003674261, -49.171705445893345 -12.437566469834355 M-49.940444925658554 -11.534561334386567 C-49.691277489549265 -11.8272475828693, -49.442110053439976 -12.119933831352032, -49.171705445893345 -12.437566469834355 M-49.171705445893345 -12.437566469834355 C-48.88147545674577 -12.737252761954485, -48.591245467598185 -13.036939054074615, -48.34668968616451 -13.28946297680795 M-49.171705445893345 -12.437566469834355 C-48.84599594589668 -12.773888269828179, -48.52028644590002 -13.110210069822003, -48.34668968616451 -13.28946297680795 M-48.34668968616451 -13.28946297680795 C-48.03207044273876 -13.5751918493182, -47.717451199313004 -13.860920721828448, -47.4687878131941 -14.086750229828974 M-48.34668968616451 -13.28946297680795 C-48.15858617775186 -13.460293606202217, -47.970482669339205 -13.631124235596483, -47.4687878131941 -14.086750229828974 M-47.4687878131941 -14.086750229828974 C-47.269304311910844 -14.245833013623457, -47.06982081062759 -14.40491579741794, -46.5416073140875 -14.826152004557194 M-47.4687878131941 -14.086750229828974 C-47.16195401141988 -14.331442021553531, -46.85512020964566 -14.57613381327809, -46.5416073140875 -14.826152004557194 M-46.5416073140875 -14.826152004557194 C-46.307296466715776 -14.989597108530605, -46.07298561934405 -15.153042212504015, -45.56895817239516 -15.504629940499045 M-46.5416073140875 -14.826152004557194 C-46.18563092106662 -15.074465726358875, -45.82965452804573 -15.322779448160558, -45.56895817239516 -15.504629940499045 M-45.56895817239516 -15.504629940499045 C-45.180857728769716 -15.739898710156154, -44.792757285144276 -15.975167479813262, -44.554837212072854 -16.1193960262827 M-45.56895817239516 -15.504629940499045 C-45.30293266700591 -15.665896165205409, -45.036907161616654 -15.827162389911772, -44.554837212072854 -16.1193960262827 M-44.554837212072854 -16.1193960262827 C-44.30889472036777 -16.247704066671563, -44.06295222866268 -16.376012107060422, -43.50341167367483 -16.667924056194753 M-44.554837212072854 -16.1193960262827 C-44.33177080721033 -16.23576962681863, -44.108704402347804 -16.352143227354556, -43.50341167367483 -16.667924056194753 M-43.50341167367483 -16.667924056194753 C-43.0945638594218 -16.84890885552507, -42.68571604516876 -17.02989365485539, -42.41900209026843 -17.147960010901397 M-43.50341167367483 -16.667924056194753 C-43.24070423071611 -16.784216848253166, -42.97799678775739 -16.900509640311576, -42.41900209026843 -17.147960010901397 M-42.41900209026843 -17.147960010901397 C-42.09287167958625 -17.267979016748907, -41.76674126890408 -17.387998022596417, -41.306064533436995 -17.557531319697365 M-42.41900209026843 -17.147960010901397 C-42.01971820377877 -17.294900172069376, -41.62043431728912 -17.441840333237355, -41.306064533436995 -17.557531319697365 M-41.306064533436995 -17.557531319697365 C-40.95273145820666 -17.66239872174257, -40.59939838297632 -17.767266123787778, -40.169172302325904 -17.894954966222038 M-41.306064533436995 -17.557531319697365 C-40.97690999492271 -17.655222658960977, -40.64775545640842 -17.752913998224585, -40.169172302325904 -17.894954966222038 M-40.169172302325904 -17.894954966222038 C-39.83470054023992 -17.97129596328594, -39.50022877815394 -18.04763696034984, -39.01299713097539 -18.158844404334708 M-40.169172302325904 -17.894954966222038 C-39.92206005098531 -17.951356725032387, -39.67494779964472 -18.007758483842736, -39.01299713097539 -18.158844404334708 M-39.01299713097539 -18.158844404334708 C-38.71224698351384 -18.207467355824065, -38.41149683605229 -18.25609030731342, -37.842289991163376 -18.34811525573005 M-39.01299713097539 -18.158844404334708 C-38.64953354399774 -18.21760637837504, -38.28606995702008 -18.276368352415375, -37.842289991163376 -18.34811525573005 M-37.842289991163376 -18.34811525573005 C-37.599631006613954 -18.371524276129406, -37.356972022064525 -18.394933296528762, -36.66186156964319 -18.46198976588122 M-37.842289991163376 -18.34811525573005 C-37.55247314277525 -18.376073538538297, -37.26265629438712 -18.404031821346546, -36.66186156964319 -18.46198976588122 M-36.66186156964319 -18.46198976588122 C-36.39705648533801 -18.47048154952306, -36.132251401032825 -18.478973333164898, -35.47656250000001 -18.5 M-36.66186156964319 -18.46198976588122 C-36.39764437093628 -18.470462697176174, -36.13342717222937 -18.478935628471124, -35.47656250000001 -18.5 M-35.47656250000001 -18.5 C-35.47656250000001 -18.5, -35.4765625 -18.5, -35.4765625 -18.5 M-35.47656250000001 -18.5 C-35.47656250000001 -18.5, -35.4765625 -18.5, -35.4765625 -18.5\" stroke=\"#4948b8\" stroke-width=\"1.3\" fill=\"none\" stroke-dasharray=\"0 0\" style=\"\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Cg class=\"label\" style=\"\" transform=\"translate(-41.3515625, -10.5)\">\u003Crect\u002F>\u003CforeignObject width=\"82.703125\" height=\"21\">\u003Cdiv xmlns=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.w3.org\u002F1999\u002Fxhtml\" style=\"display: table-cell; white-space: nowrap; line-height: 1.5; max-width: 200px; text-align: center;\">\u003Cspan class=\"nodeLabel\">\u003Cp>Stanford SRI\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003C\u002FforeignObject>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Cg class=\"node default\" id=\"ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969-flowchart-UCSB-2\" data-look=\"classic\" transform=\"translate(362.2102851867676, 111.5)\">\u003Cg class=\"basic label-container outer-path\">\u003Cpath d=\"M-52.8046875 -18.5 C-16.37584670238624 -18.5, 20.05299409522752 -18.5, 52.8046875 -18.5 C52.8046875 -18.5, 52.8046875 -18.5, 52.8046875 -18.5 C53.212946532845834 -18.486907927444634, 53.62120556569166 -18.473815854889267, 53.989986569643186 -18.46198976588122 C54.34503994869763 -18.427738193418, 54.70009332775208 -18.393486620954782, 55.17041499116336 -18.348115255730054 C55.4619731843219 -18.30097838812774, 55.753531377480435 -18.253841520525423, 56.341122130975386 -18.15884440433471 C56.697206190582754 -18.077570541394977, 57.05329025019012 -17.99629667845524, 57.49729730232588 -17.894954966222045 C57.77245653648085 -17.813289149865142, 58.04761577063583 -17.73162333350824, 58.63418953343698 -17.557531319697368 C58.86592503391345 -17.472250513382544, 59.097660534389924 -17.38696970706772, 59.74712709026842 -17.147960010901404 C60.14441580443736 -16.972092082289794, 60.54170451860629 -16.796224153678185, 60.831536673674826 -16.667924056194753 C61.09910240314037 -16.528335186516607, 61.36666813260592 -16.38874631683846, 61.88296221207285 -16.119396026282708 C62.259540891502006 -15.891111817790787, 62.63611957093117 -15.662827609298866, 62.89708317239515 -15.504629940499052 C63.23922138765308 -15.26596913245975, 63.58135960291101 -15.027308324420448, 63.8697323140875 -14.826152004557198 C64.23365641623813 -14.53593221751914, 64.59758051838878 -14.245712430481081, 64.79691281319408 -14.086750229828988 C64.97755944455487 -13.922691738875075, 65.15820607591564 -13.758633247921162, 65.6748146861645 -13.289462976807961 C65.95523372016036 -12.999907301376368, 66.23565275415623 -12.710351625944774, 66.49983044589334 -12.437566469834366 C66.73224531105568 -12.164558744434213, 66.96466017621802 -11.891551019034061, 67.26856992565855 -11.534561334386572 C67.46869705653504 -11.266409210968778, 67.66882418741152 -10.998257087550984, 67.97787421004368 -10.584158212260142 C68.21748136557633 -10.216057277831784, 68.45708852110899 -9.847956343403425, 68.6248286155989 -9.590262513744715 C68.83453383195449 -9.217909667149566, 69.04423904831009 -8.845556820554417, 69.2067746679005 -8.556958369455453 C69.37792745139544 -8.201555952445329, 69.54908023489035 -7.846153535435203, 69.72132102579253 -7.48849184776429 C69.85663680723047 -7.154259251459917, 69.99195258866841 -6.820026655155543, 70.16635330792056 -6.3892535067942 C70.28574795807923 -6.029655843470429, 70.4051426082379 -5.670058180146657, 70.54004278117822 -5.2637603526741055 C70.6261963243363 -4.9352195534304935, 70.71234986749441 -4.606678754186881, 70.84085387536373 -4.116637278191818 C70.93076542989152 -3.654960448505414, 71.0206769844193 -3.193283618819011, 71.06755049316732 -2.9525980581175224 C71.10336520744742 -2.674826206576285, 71.13917992172753 -2.3970543550350474, 71.21920108956016 -1.776425979292116 C71.24296674720436 -1.4062566781900383, 71.26673240484857 -1.0360873770879606, 71.29518249971272 -0.5929541850756206 C71.29518249971272 -0.2687993196193747, 71.29518249971272 0.05535554583687119, 71.29518249971272 0.592954185075616 C71.26938738195935 0.9947339655286265, 71.24359226420599 1.3965137459816368, 71.21920108956016 1.7764259792921033 C71.18177577529333 2.0666893262814705, 71.14435046102649 2.356952673270838, 71.06755049316733 2.9525980581175095 C71.00794365986175 3.2586665492329523, 70.94833682655619 3.5647350403483955, 70.84085387536373 4.116637278191814 C70.72563000207661 4.556035845378167, 70.61040612878949 4.99543441256452, 70.54004278117822 5.263760352674093 C70.40456402750931 5.671800773116839, 70.2690852738404 6.079841193559585, 70.16635330792057 6.389253506794188 C70.03255144864359 6.719746686091298, 69.8987495893666 7.050239865388409, 69.72132102579253 7.488491847764285 C69.53068944122158 7.884342411988367, 69.34005785665062 8.280192976212449, 69.2067746679005 8.556958369455447 C69.08591968378504 8.77154863164664, 68.96506469966955 8.98613889383783, 68.6248286155989 9.590262513744712 C68.42608695669047 9.895583071435937, 68.22734529778204 10.20090362912716, 67.9778742100437 10.584158212260133 C67.81806079394212 10.79829363053452, 67.65824737784055 11.012429048808904, 67.26856992565855 11.534561334386567 C67.04206456656128 11.80062741770227, 66.815559207464 12.066693501017975, 66.49983044589334 12.437566469834355 C66.21822316415549 12.7283491086165, 65.93661588241763 13.019131747398644, 65.6748146861645 13.289462976807956 C65.45222976269383 13.491608715029663, 65.22964483922317 13.693754453251373, 64.7969128131941 14.086750229828976 C64.44580883683632 14.366746307705105, 64.09470486047853 14.646742385581232, 63.8697323140875 14.826152004557196 C63.65734040554996 14.974307405655448, 63.44494849701242 15.1224628067537, 62.897083172395156 15.504629940499047 C62.54858737271767 15.715890142252183, 62.20009157304018 15.927150344005318, 61.88296221207285 16.119396026282704 C61.51552332421794 16.31108865872077, 61.148084436363035 16.502781291158836, 60.831536673674826 16.667924056194753 C60.501386877755685 16.814071577302425, 60.171237081836544 16.9602190984101, 59.74712709026843 17.1479600109014 C59.398976726604104 17.276082562996553, 59.05082636293978 17.404205115091706, 58.634189533436995 17.557531319697365 C58.310082432772774 17.65372460590162, 57.985975332108545 17.749917892105874, 57.497297302325904 17.89495496622204 C57.21744884265289 17.95882855096054, 56.93760038297989 18.02270213569904, 56.34112213097539 18.158844404334708 C56.03442774661521 18.20842837394759, 55.72773336225502 18.25801234356047, 55.17041499116337 18.34811525573005 C54.88611399863736 18.375541430557067, 54.60181300611136 18.40296760538408, 53.989986569643186 18.46198976588122 C53.74234877068563 18.469931028096056, 53.494710971728075 18.47787229031089, 52.8046875 18.5 C52.8046875 18.5, 52.8046875 18.5, 52.8046875 18.5 C14.481954153051277 18.5, -23.840779193897447 18.5, -52.8046875 18.5 C-53.215875094321454 18.48681401417821, -53.62706268864291 18.47362802835642, -53.98998656964318 18.46198976588122 C-54.36518982021174 18.4257943595468, -54.7403930707803 18.389598953212378, -55.17041499116336 18.34811525573005 C-55.54275456408129 18.287918281117193, -55.91509413699923 18.227721306504336, -56.341122130975386 18.158844404334708 C-56.706737081396746 18.075395177761557, -57.0723520318181 17.991945951188402, -57.49729730232588 17.894954966222045 C-57.73053925046461 17.82572998032644, -57.963781198603336 17.756504994430838, -58.634189533436974 17.557531319697375 C-58.86550956350461 17.472403410333566, -59.096829593572245 17.38727550096976, -59.74712709026842 17.147960010901404 C-60.1622740718115 16.96418675706994, -60.577421053354584 16.780413503238474, -60.83153667367482 16.667924056194757 C-61.251309421142 16.44892888271841, -61.67108216860917 16.22993370924206, -61.88296221207284 16.119396026282708 C-62.286433712242584 15.87480923181809, -62.689905212412334 15.63022243735347, -62.89708317239514 15.50462994049906 C-63.24870950351699 15.259350633567003, -63.600335834638834 15.014071326634946, -63.86973231408749 14.8261520045572 C-64.15687188145931 14.597165840682969, -64.44401144883113 14.368179676808738, -64.79691281319408 14.086750229828992 C-65.05912449222804 13.848616520671206, -65.32133617126199 13.610482811513421, -65.6748146861645 13.289462976807968 C-65.9926767051291 12.961244345269915, -66.3105387240937 12.633025713731863, -66.49983044589334 12.43756646983436 C-66.74810933061595 12.145923964370423, -66.99638821533857 11.854281458906486, -67.26856992565855 11.534561334386574 C-67.54206402115882 11.168104162240883, -67.81555811665908 10.801646990095195, -67.97787421004368 10.584158212260144 C-68.19641348520273 10.248423199603645, -68.41495276036179 9.912688186947145, -68.6248286155989 9.590262513744724 C-68.7556804683942 9.357921798919758, -68.88653232118952 9.125581084094794, -69.2067746679005 8.556958369455455 C-69.33503428854475 8.290624522871425, -69.463293909189 8.024290676287396, -69.72132102579253 7.488491847764292 C-69.85093239196885 7.168349267443473, -69.98054375814519 6.848206687122653, -70.16635330792056 6.389253506794202 C-70.25860082325974 6.111418688238188, -70.35084833859891 5.833583869682174, -70.54004278117822 5.2637603526741 C-70.60346811870231 5.0218920519795756, -70.6668934562264 4.78002375128505, -70.84085387536373 4.116637278191821 C-70.90788756249133 3.772433462366448, -70.9749212496189 3.4282296465410753, -71.06755049316732 2.9525980581175246 C-71.10830520036036 2.6365125970555168, -71.1490599075534 2.3204271359935085, -71.21920108956016 1.7764259792921264 C-71.24874003460135 1.316333066868247, -71.27827897964255 0.8562401544443673, -71.29518249971272 0.5929541850756229 C-71.29518249971272 0.14579974725226574, -71.29518249971272 -0.30135469057109143, -71.29518249971272 -0.5929541850756139 C-71.27052378223922 -0.9770336138838236, -71.24586506476572 -1.3611130426920335, -71.21920108956016 -1.776425979292101 C-71.15961087268471 -2.238595933958806, -71.10002065580926 -2.700765888625511, -71.06755049316733 -2.9525980581175157 C-70.98849994248823 -3.358505928514874, -70.90944939180913 -3.7644137989122326, -70.84085387536373 -4.116637278191813 C-70.77559537495908 -4.3654962234477654, -70.71033687455441 -4.614355168703719, -70.54004278117823 -5.263760352674091 C-70.43250378022874 -5.587650689520987, -70.32496477927926 -5.911541026367884, -70.16635330792057 -6.389253506794178 C-70.0045017383828 -6.789030012739687, -69.84265016884504 -7.188806518685195, -69.72132102579253 -7.488491847764283 C-69.6140283555178 -7.711287373285144, -69.50673568524307 -7.934082898806006, -69.2067746679005 -8.556958369455446 C-69.03208850829301 -8.867131334730312, -68.85740234868554 -9.17730430000518, -68.6248286155989 -9.590262513744717 C-68.40141694057051 -9.933482841023086, -68.17800526554211 -10.276703168301452, -67.97787421004368 -10.584158212260139 C-67.6974060913045 -10.95995994019938, -67.41693797256534 -11.33576166813862, -67.26856992565855 -11.534561334386567 C-67.09746132469574 -11.735555233432699, -66.92635272373293 -11.936549132478829, -66.49983044589334 -12.437566469834355 C-66.30085291071276 -12.643027111267756, -66.10187537553219 -12.848487752701157, -65.67481468616451 -13.28946297680795 C-65.43967677006289 -13.503009010803103, -65.20453885396127 -13.716555044798257, -64.7969128131941 -14.086750229828974 C-64.48963966914782 -14.331792385324109, -64.18236652510154 -14.576834540819245, -63.8697323140875 -14.826152004557194 C-63.53311955634723 -15.06095849262538, -63.19650679860696 -15.295764980693564, -62.89708317239516 -15.504629940499045 C-62.65630877459227 -15.65058879539458, -62.415534376789374 -15.796547650290112, -61.882962212072854 -16.1193960262827 C-61.58895222895087 -16.272780846155054, -61.2949422458289 -16.426165666027412, -60.83153667367483 -16.667924056194753 C-60.545718048380074 -16.794447483104463, -60.259899423085315 -16.920970910014173, -59.74712709026843 -17.147960010901397 C-59.41390597171391 -17.270588462791714, -59.08068485315939 -17.393216914682032, -58.634189533436995 -17.557531319697365 C-58.307985058757524 -17.654347095500004, -57.981780584078045 -17.751162871302643, -57.497297302325904 -17.894954966222038 C-57.2012752552803 -17.962520066735813, -56.9052532082347 -18.030085167249585, -56.34112213097539 -18.158844404334708 C-55.9471769730531 -18.222534402377256, -55.5532318151308 -18.28622440041981, -55.170414991163376 -18.34811525573005 C-54.74409899472329 -18.389241447186627, -54.3177829982832 -18.430367638643204, -53.98998656964319 -18.46198976588122 C-53.557595007996824 -18.475855721664104, -53.125203446350454 -18.489721677446983, -52.80468750000001 -18.5 C-52.80468750000001 -18.5, -52.8046875 -18.5, -52.8046875 -18.5\" stroke=\"none\" stroke-width=\"0\" fill=\"#eef0fc\" style=\"\"\u002F>\u003Cpath d=\"M-52.8046875 -18.5 C-29.793306930616293 -18.5, -6.7819263612325855 -18.5, 52.8046875 -18.5 M-52.8046875 -18.5 C-11.575122070067266 -18.5, 29.654443359865468 -18.5, 52.8046875 -18.5 M52.8046875 -18.5 C52.8046875 -18.5, 52.8046875 -18.5, 52.8046875 -18.5 M52.8046875 -18.5 C52.8046875 -18.5, 52.8046875 -18.5, 52.8046875 -18.5 M52.8046875 -18.5 C53.16567877349845 -18.488423712485794, 53.5266700469969 -18.476847424971584, 53.989986569643186 -18.46198976588122 M52.8046875 -18.5 C53.17026251944473 -18.488276720675014, 53.535837538889446 -18.47655344135003, 53.989986569643186 -18.46198976588122 M53.989986569643186 -18.46198976588122 C54.44167886666468 -18.418415553227025, 54.893371163686176 -18.37484134057283, 55.17041499116336 -18.348115255730054 M53.989986569643186 -18.46198976588122 C54.32447462946877 -18.429722105030596, 54.658962689294356 -18.39745444417997, 55.17041499116336 -18.348115255730054 M55.17041499116336 -18.348115255730054 C55.629212822301454 -18.27394038042197, 56.08801065343955 -18.19976550511388, 56.341122130975386 -18.15884440433471 M55.17041499116336 -18.348115255730054 C55.51720001791692 -18.292049741962586, 55.86398504467048 -18.23598422819512, 56.341122130975386 -18.15884440433471 M56.341122130975386 -18.15884440433471 C56.74204027375898 -18.067337454479738, 57.142958416542584 -17.97583050462476, 57.49729730232588 -17.894954966222045 M56.341122130975386 -18.15884440433471 C56.75931278555424 -18.063395116376142, 57.177503440133094 -17.967945828417573, 57.49729730232588 -17.894954966222045 M57.49729730232588 -17.894954966222045 C57.92161149469049 -17.769020741198876, 58.34592568705509 -17.643086516175707, 58.63418953343698 -17.557531319697368 M57.49729730232588 -17.894954966222045 C57.7387770099165 -17.823285056562003, 57.98025671750711 -17.75161514690196, 58.63418953343698 -17.557531319697368 M58.63418953343698 -17.557531319697368 C59.06993213442415 -17.397174014573643, 59.50567473541131 -17.23681670944992, 59.74712709026842 -17.147960010901404 M58.63418953343698 -17.557531319697368 C58.97940721785254 -17.43048802067515, 59.3246249022681 -17.303444721652934, 59.74712709026842 -17.147960010901404 M59.74712709026842 -17.147960010901404 C60.12444848103023 -16.980931024052527, 60.501769871792035 -16.81390203720365, 60.831536673674826 -16.667924056194753 M59.74712709026842 -17.147960010901404 C60.04872441821858 -17.01445182038473, 60.35032174616875 -16.88094362986805, 60.831536673674826 -16.667924056194753 M60.831536673674826 -16.667924056194753 C61.19719445878686 -16.477160623916795, 61.56285224389889 -16.28639719163884, 61.88296221207285 -16.119396026282708 M60.831536673674826 -16.667924056194753 C61.150390530180395 -16.50157820349144, 61.469244386685965 -16.33523235078813, 61.88296221207285 -16.119396026282708 M61.88296221207285 -16.119396026282708 C62.24179895919216 -15.901867081420185, 62.60063570631147 -15.684338136557663, 62.89708317239515 -15.504629940499052 M61.88296221207285 -16.119396026282708 C62.152282988420446 -15.956132188956234, 62.421603764768044 -15.792868351629759, 62.89708317239515 -15.504629940499052 M62.89708317239515 -15.504629940499052 C63.1357795623503 -15.33812567186652, 63.37447595230546 -15.171621403233987, 63.8697323140875 -14.826152004557198 M62.89708317239515 -15.504629940499052 C63.22707224700568 -15.274443847047554, 63.55706132161621 -15.044257753596057, 63.8697323140875 -14.826152004557198 M63.8697323140875 -14.826152004557198 C64.0662199153865 -14.669458371275907, 64.26270751668551 -14.512764737994617, 64.79691281319408 -14.086750229828988 M63.8697323140875 -14.826152004557198 C64.07696610311409 -14.660888572531226, 64.28419989214066 -14.495625140505252, 64.79691281319408 -14.086750229828988 M64.79691281319408 -14.086750229828988 C65.13269070595405 -13.78180563182059, 65.46846859871401 -13.476861033812192, 65.6748146861645 -13.289462976807961 M64.79691281319408 -14.086750229828988 C65.08713231146125 -13.82318056028989, 65.37735180972841 -13.559610890750792, 65.6748146861645 -13.289462976807961 M65.6748146861645 -13.289462976807961 C65.9722224663428 -12.982365026141013, 66.26963024652109 -12.675267075474062, 66.49983044589334 -12.437566469834366 M65.6748146861645 -13.289462976807961 C65.97008969228348 -12.98456729046126, 66.26536469840246 -12.679671604114562, 66.49983044589334 -12.437566469834366 M66.49983044589334 -12.437566469834366 C66.74985488932074 -12.143873531790668, 66.99987933274816 -11.850180593746972, 67.26856992565855 -11.534561334386572 M66.49983044589334 -12.437566469834366 C66.68884600616214 -12.215538037452564, 66.87786156643095 -11.993509605070763, 67.26856992565855 -11.534561334386572 M67.26856992565855 -11.534561334386572 C67.49669383191278 -11.228896082521304, 67.724817738167 -10.923230830656037, 67.97787421004368 -10.584158212260142 M67.26856992565855 -11.534561334386572 C67.47913028581405 -11.25242963422164, 67.68969064596953 -10.97029793405671, 67.97787421004368 -10.584158212260142 M67.97787421004368 -10.584158212260142 C68.14467164170306 -10.327912565849546, 68.31146907336245 -10.071666919438952, 68.6248286155989 -9.590262513744715 M67.97787421004368 -10.584158212260142 C68.20817899310772 -10.230348219980328, 68.43848377617178 -9.876538227700513, 68.6248286155989 -9.590262513744715 M68.6248286155989 -9.590262513744715 C68.79152763033352 -9.294271532977756, 68.95822664506812 -8.998280552210796, 69.2067746679005 -8.556958369455453 M68.6248286155989 -9.590262513744715 C68.83362939511842 -9.219515586336177, 69.04243017463794 -8.848768658927641, 69.2067746679005 -8.556958369455453 M69.2067746679005 -8.556958369455453 C69.39298637206399 -8.170285781467788, 69.57919807622747 -7.7836131934801225, 69.72132102579253 -7.48849184776429 M69.2067746679005 -8.556958369455453 C69.3754599014864 -8.206679872628545, 69.54414513507228 -7.856401375801638, 69.72132102579253 -7.48849184776429 M69.72132102579253 -7.48849184776429 C69.84945642974363 -7.171994922675578, 69.97759183369472 -6.855497997586866, 70.16635330792056 -6.3892535067942 M69.72132102579253 -7.48849184776429 C69.8250238997648 -7.23234374409411, 69.92872677373707 -6.97619564042393, 70.16635330792056 -6.3892535067942 M70.16635330792056 -6.3892535067942 C70.26111424125975 -6.1038486736809325, 70.35587517459894 -5.8184438405676655, 70.54004278117822 -5.2637603526741055 M70.16635330792056 -6.3892535067942 C70.29246875564763 -6.009413872008043, 70.41858420337472 -5.6295742372218855, 70.54004278117822 -5.2637603526741055 M70.54004278117822 -5.2637603526741055 C70.65161503584994 -4.838286989889749, 70.76318729052167 -4.4128136271053915, 70.84085387536373 -4.116637278191818 M70.54004278117822 -5.2637603526741055 C70.64522762565866 -4.862644953270167, 70.75041247013912 -4.461529553866229, 70.84085387536373 -4.116637278191818 M70.84085387536373 -4.116637278191818 C70.9091578755154 -3.7659106734685173, 70.97746187566707 -3.415184068745216, 71.06755049316732 -2.9525980581175224 M70.84085387536373 -4.116637278191818 C70.89611427708479 -3.8328867946441867, 70.95137467880586 -3.5491363110965555, 71.06755049316732 -2.9525980581175224 M71.06755049316732 -2.9525980581175224 C71.12251845905548 -2.5262773693414973, 71.17748642494365 -2.099956680565472, 71.21920108956016 -1.776425979292116 M71.06755049316732 -2.9525980581175224 C71.11345311826712 -2.5965863623420753, 71.15935574336692 -2.240574666566628, 71.21920108956016 -1.776425979292116 M71.21920108956016 -1.776425979292116 C71.24745001696 -1.3364261329156952, 71.27569894435986 -0.8964262865392747, 71.29518249971272 -0.5929541850756206 M71.21920108956016 -1.776425979292116 C71.23860575596676 -1.4741826368446076, 71.25801042237335 -1.171939294397099, 71.29518249971272 -0.5929541850756206 M71.29518249971272 -0.5929541850756206 C71.29518249971272 -0.12564250639188318, 71.29518249971272 0.34166917229185423, 71.29518249971272 0.592954185075616 M71.29518249971272 -0.5929541850756206 C71.29518249971272 -0.19645345811671744, 71.29518249971272 0.2000472688421857, 71.29518249971272 0.592954185075616 M71.29518249971272 0.592954185075616 C71.26940669405259 0.9944331640880075, 71.24363088839246 1.395912143100399, 71.21920108956016 1.7764259792921033 M71.29518249971272 0.592954185075616 C71.27245540197083 0.9469470773885753, 71.24972830422895 1.3009399697015345, 71.21920108956016 1.7764259792921033 M71.21920108956016 1.7764259792921033 C71.15956659735875 2.238939324643798, 71.09993210515735 2.7014526699954926, 71.06755049316733 2.9525980581175095 M71.21920108956016 1.7764259792921033 C71.17028656356571 2.1557973836393614, 71.12137203757126 2.5351687879866196, 71.06755049316733 2.9525980581175095 M71.06755049316733 2.9525980581175095 C70.98528575644407 3.375010094533198, 70.9030210197208 3.7974221309488856, 70.84085387536373 4.116637278191814 M71.06755049316733 2.9525980581175095 C70.9815351028343 3.3942689081184367, 70.89551971250127 3.8359397581193644, 70.84085387536373 4.116637278191814 M70.84085387536373 4.116637278191814 C70.76156272495848 4.419008799688991, 70.68227157455324 4.721380321186167, 70.54004278117822 5.263760352674093 M70.84085387536373 4.116637278191814 C70.73339281274038 4.526432883893819, 70.62593175011702 4.936228489595824, 70.54004278117822 5.263760352674093 M70.54004278117822 5.263760352674093 C70.44170557686166 5.559936344169806, 70.3433683725451 5.856112335665518, 70.16635330792057 6.389253506794188 M70.54004278117822 5.263760352674093 C70.43218206285404 5.588619650994871, 70.32432134452986 5.913478949315648, 70.16635330792057 6.389253506794188 M70.16635330792057 6.389253506794188 C70.06796122197895 6.632283861351558, 69.96956913603734 6.875314215908928, 69.72132102579253 7.488491847764285 M70.16635330792057 6.389253506794188 C70.00327413057892 6.792062227749483, 69.84019495323726 7.194870948704779, 69.72132102579253 7.488491847764285 M69.72132102579253 7.488491847764285 C69.54003226310377 7.864941842445623, 69.358743500415 8.241391837126962, 69.2067746679005 8.556958369455447 M69.72132102579253 7.488491847764285 C69.58073007966996 7.780431955552143, 69.4401391335474 8.072372063340001, 69.2067746679005 8.556958369455447 M69.2067746679005 8.556958369455447 C69.06332619294754 8.811665662467645, 68.91987771799457 9.06637295547984, 68.6248286155989 9.590262513744712 M69.2067746679005 8.556958369455447 C69.02351372844858 8.882356724634738, 68.84025278899665 9.20775507981403, 68.6248286155989 9.590262513744712 M68.6248286155989 9.590262513744712 C68.45546152772285 9.850455842153421, 68.2860944398468 10.11064917056213, 67.9778742100437 10.584158212260133 M68.6248286155989 9.590262513744712 C68.44287910583964 9.869785821019406, 68.26092959608037 10.1493091282941, 67.9778742100437 10.584158212260133 M67.9778742100437 10.584158212260133 C67.83292218187816 10.778380724600524, 67.68797015371263 10.972603236940916, 67.26856992565855 11.534561334386567 M67.9778742100437 10.584158212260133 C67.71730810510988 10.933293054810942, 67.45674200017606 11.282427897361751, 67.26856992565855 11.534561334386567 M67.26856992565855 11.534561334386567 C67.0593194255222 11.78035887853748, 66.85006892538586 12.026156422688393, 66.49983044589334 12.437566469834355 M67.26856992565855 11.534561334386567 C67.05619187564032 11.784032676591368, 66.84381382562209 12.03350401879617, 66.49983044589334 12.437566469834355 M66.49983044589334 12.437566469834355 C66.26750860406342 12.677457845501678, 66.03518676223352 12.917349221169001, 65.6748146861645 13.289462976807956 M66.49983044589334 12.437566469834355 C66.26414507106443 12.680930969474328, 66.02845969623554 12.924295469114304, 65.6748146861645 13.289462976807956 M65.6748146861645 13.289462976807956 C65.42157119232617 13.519452017456247, 65.16832769848786 13.749441058104539, 64.7969128131941 14.086750229828976 M65.6748146861645 13.289462976807956 C65.36249917566286 13.573099660029953, 65.05018366516123 13.856736343251951, 64.7969128131941 14.086750229828976 M64.7969128131941 14.086750229828976 C64.43872191405775 14.372397940030076, 64.0805310149214 14.658045650231179, 63.8697323140875 14.826152004557196 M64.7969128131941 14.086750229828976 C64.4446084954451 14.367703548022176, 64.09230417769609 14.648656866215374, 63.8697323140875 14.826152004557196 M63.8697323140875 14.826152004557196 C63.64677817618999 14.981675159625425, 63.42382403829248 15.137198314693652, 62.897083172395156 15.504629940499047 M63.8697323140875 14.826152004557196 C63.67242905621095 14.963782216131499, 63.47512579833441 15.101412427705803, 62.897083172395156 15.504629940499047 M62.897083172395156 15.504629940499047 C62.56551924063152 15.705625944420106, 62.23395530886788 15.906621948341167, 61.88296221207285 16.119396026282704 M62.897083172395156 15.504629940499047 C62.56680320320324 15.704847598763726, 62.23652323401133 15.905065257028404, 61.88296221207285 16.119396026282704 M61.88296221207285 16.119396026282704 C61.63189436822021 16.250377959604, 61.38082652436757 16.38135989292529, 60.831536673674826 16.667924056194753 M61.88296221207285 16.119396026282704 C61.47345512907461 16.33303560918108, 61.06394804607637 16.546675192079455, 60.831536673674826 16.667924056194753 M60.831536673674826 16.667924056194753 C60.548018972604964 16.793428932204595, 60.2645012715351 16.91893380821444, 59.74712709026843 17.1479600109014 M60.831536673674826 16.667924056194753 C60.518394772482615 16.806542686828084, 60.205252871290405 16.945161317461416, 59.74712709026843 17.1479600109014 M59.74712709026843 17.1479600109014 C59.35844770241864 17.290997618543, 58.969768314568846 17.434035226184598, 58.634189533436995 17.557531319697365 M59.74712709026843 17.1479600109014 C59.32256315302995 17.304203464431176, 58.897999215791465 17.460446917960947, 58.634189533436995 17.557531319697365 M58.634189533436995 17.557531319697365 C58.236914416120776 17.675440489177173, 57.839639298804556 17.793349658656986, 57.497297302325904 17.89495496622204 M58.634189533436995 17.557531319697365 C58.298158140451015 17.65726367327083, 57.962126747465035 17.756996026844295, 57.497297302325904 17.89495496622204 M57.497297302325904 17.89495496622204 C57.24366185964186 17.952845600888732, 56.99002641695782 18.01073623555542, 56.34112213097539 18.158844404334708 M57.497297302325904 17.89495496622204 C57.135449522772895 17.977544360627583, 56.773601743219885 18.06013375503312, 56.34112213097539 18.158844404334708 M56.34112213097539 18.158844404334708 C56.05347466523257 18.205349015856594, 55.765827199489756 18.25185362737848, 55.17041499116337 18.34811525573005 M56.34112213097539 18.158844404334708 C55.91648587904301 18.22749630044382, 55.49184962711062 18.29614819655293, 55.17041499116337 18.34811525573005 M55.17041499116337 18.34811525573005 C54.84070008499664 18.379922456187764, 54.51098517882991 18.411729656645477, 53.989986569643186 18.46198976588122 M55.17041499116337 18.34811525573005 C54.711420009988345 18.392393949541777, 54.25242502881331 18.436672643353504, 53.989986569643186 18.46198976588122 M53.989986569643186 18.46198976588122 C53.73288803525008 18.470234415467267, 53.47578950085696 18.478479065053317, 52.8046875 18.5 M53.989986569643186 18.46198976588122 C53.66386557995786 18.472447831264432, 53.33774459027253 18.482905896647644, 52.8046875 18.5 M52.8046875 18.5 C52.8046875 18.5, 52.8046875 18.5, 52.8046875 18.5 M52.8046875 18.5 C52.8046875 18.5, 52.8046875 18.5, 52.8046875 18.5 M52.8046875 18.5 C15.639228366736901 18.5, -21.526230766526197 18.5, -52.8046875 18.5 M52.8046875 18.5 C15.437714603010782 18.5, -21.929258293978435 18.5, -52.8046875 18.5 M-52.8046875 18.5 C-53.05262434546428 18.492049147945753, -53.30056119092856 18.484098295891506, -53.98998656964318 18.46198976588122 M-52.8046875 18.5 C-53.09615452359361 18.490653219859496, -53.38762154718723 18.481306439718995, -53.98998656964318 18.46198976588122 M-53.98998656964318 18.46198976588122 C-54.32289797500709 18.42987420299031, -54.655809380371004 18.397758640099394, -55.17041499116336 18.34811525573005 M-53.98998656964318 18.46198976588122 C-54.289813779020974 18.43306579558752, -54.58964098839877 18.40414182529382, -55.17041499116336 18.34811525573005 M-55.17041499116336 18.34811525573005 C-55.52489395033767 18.290805846636136, -55.87937290951197 18.233496437542218, -56.341122130975386 18.158844404334708 M-55.17041499116336 18.34811525573005 C-55.543002130699705 18.287878256466236, -55.91558927023605 18.22764125720242, -56.341122130975386 18.158844404334708 M-56.341122130975386 18.158844404334708 C-56.7938249907039 18.055517930763916, -57.246527850432415 17.952191457193123, -57.49729730232588 17.894954966222045 M-56.341122130975386 18.158844404334708 C-56.74067319920292 18.06764948032616, -57.140224267430455 17.976454556317613, -57.49729730232588 17.894954966222045 M-57.49729730232588 17.894954966222045 C-57.951783138307725 17.76006595574747, -58.40626897428956 17.625176945272898, -58.634189533436974 17.557531319697375 M-57.49729730232588 17.894954966222045 C-57.89724391126535 17.776252912051405, -58.297190520204815 17.65755085788076, -58.634189533436974 17.557531319697375 M-58.634189533436974 17.557531319697375 C-58.9670844386518 17.435022917331548, -59.29997934386663 17.31251451496572, -59.74712709026842 17.147960010901404 M-58.634189533436974 17.557531319697375 C-58.998885285704915 17.423319911652193, -59.36358103797286 17.28910850360701, -59.74712709026842 17.147960010901404 M-59.74712709026842 17.147960010901404 C-60.08023684485886 17.000502203894, -60.413346599449305 16.853044396886595, -60.83153667367482 16.667924056194757 M-59.74712709026842 17.147960010901404 C-60.00502093651715 17.03379805531623, -60.26291478276588 16.919636099731054, -60.83153667367482 16.667924056194757 M-60.83153667367482 16.667924056194757 C-61.07086094157831 16.543068738924013, -61.3101852094818 16.418213421653274, -61.88296221207284 16.119396026282708 M-60.83153667367482 16.667924056194757 C-61.0729933074767 16.54195628500067, -61.31444994127858 16.41598851380658, -61.88296221207284 16.119396026282708 M-61.88296221207284 16.119396026282708 C-62.16909939743056 15.945937982990111, -62.45523658278828 15.772479939697513, -62.89708317239514 15.50462994049906 M-61.88296221207284 16.119396026282708 C-62.2883106424198 15.873671425714596, -62.69365907276676 15.627946825146484, -62.89708317239514 15.50462994049906 M-62.89708317239514 15.50462994049906 C-63.17380394973874 15.311601505273545, -63.450524727082346 15.118573070048031, -63.86973231408749 14.8261520045572 M-62.89708317239514 15.50462994049906 C-63.22060884474308 15.278952436669769, -63.54413451709102 15.053274932840479, -63.86973231408749 14.8261520045572 M-63.86973231408749 14.8261520045572 C-64.06487042589944 14.670534553230413, -64.26000853771139 14.514917101903626, -64.79691281319408 14.086750229828992 M-63.86973231408749 14.8261520045572 C-64.14162288827029 14.609326506958459, -64.4135134624531 14.392501009359716, -64.79691281319408 14.086750229828992 M-64.79691281319408 14.086750229828992 C-65.01231776470587 13.891125152168696, -65.22772271621766 13.695500074508399, -65.6748146861645 13.289462976807968 M-64.79691281319408 14.086750229828992 C-65.1471172561431 13.7687038206445, -65.49732169909211 13.450657411460007, -65.6748146861645 13.289462976807968 M-65.6748146861645 13.289462976807968 C-65.89943925352279 13.057519668990583, -66.12406382088106 12.825576361173198, -66.49983044589334 12.43756646983436 M-65.6748146861645 13.289462976807968 C-65.99888328669132 12.954835540237093, -66.32295188721817 12.62020810366622, -66.49983044589334 12.43756646983436 M-66.49983044589334 12.43756646983436 C-66.68357906015305 12.22172489193255, -66.86732767441278 12.005883314030738, -67.26856992565855 11.534561334386574 M-66.49983044589334 12.43756646983436 C-66.70667356184981 12.19459677612516, -66.9135166778063 11.95162708241596, -67.26856992565855 11.534561334386574 M-67.26856992565855 11.534561334386574 C-67.46722758733367 11.268378165827206, -67.6658852490088 11.00219499726784, -67.97787421004368 10.584158212260144 M-67.26856992565855 11.534561334386574 C-67.47142152313728 11.262758673925784, -67.67427312061601 10.990956013464995, -67.97787421004368 10.584158212260144 M-67.97787421004368 10.584158212260144 C-68.16663530942424 10.294170474159245, -68.35539640880478 10.004182736058345, -68.6248286155989 9.590262513744724 M-67.97787421004368 10.584158212260144 C-68.12012646760024 10.365620544573591, -68.26237872515681 10.14708287688704, -68.6248286155989 9.590262513744724 M-68.6248286155989 9.590262513744724 C-68.76175079708744 9.347143315637487, -68.89867297857599 9.104024117530248, -69.2067746679005 8.556958369455455 M-68.6248286155989 9.590262513744724 C-68.82775099425719 9.229953282317927, -69.03067337291549 8.869644050891129, -69.2067746679005 8.556958369455455 M-69.2067746679005 8.556958369455455 C-69.37282677259442 8.212147621112663, -69.53887887728834 7.8673368727698705, -69.72132102579253 7.488491847764292 M-69.2067746679005 8.556958369455455 C-69.3110415596834 8.340445937714172, -69.4153084514663 8.123933505972891, -69.72132102579253 7.488491847764292 M-69.72132102579253 7.488491847764292 C-69.83766280488035 7.201125404102103, -69.95400458396817 6.913758960439914, -70.16635330792056 6.389253506794202 M-69.72132102579253 7.488491847764292 C-69.89444319482989 7.060876743152583, -70.06756536386725 6.6332616385408745, -70.16635330792056 6.389253506794202 M-70.16635330792056 6.389253506794202 C-70.25773936097086 6.114013275396927, -70.34912541402115 5.838773043999653, -70.54004278117822 5.2637603526741 M-70.16635330792056 6.389253506794202 C-70.28710760307108 6.025560809384972, -70.40786189822161 5.661868111975741, -70.54004278117822 5.2637603526741 M-70.54004278117822 5.2637603526741 C-70.62078714724369 4.955847090036838, -70.70153151330916 4.6479338273995765, -70.84085387536373 4.116637278191821 M-70.54004278117822 5.2637603526741 C-70.6007125832327 5.032400102981769, -70.66138238528721 4.801039853289438, -70.84085387536373 4.116637278191821 M-70.84085387536373 4.116637278191821 C-70.92012702071074 3.7095864312201763, -70.99940016605773 3.302535584248532, -71.06755049316732 2.9525980581175246 M-70.84085387536373 4.116637278191821 C-70.89445884899212 3.841387068025292, -70.94806382262048 3.5661368578587638, -71.06755049316732 2.9525980581175246 M-71.06755049316732 2.9525980581175246 C-71.11818551830783 2.5598828021443705, -71.16882054344835 2.1671675461712168, -71.21920108956016 1.7764259792921264 M-71.06755049316732 2.9525980581175246 C-71.11875536535202 2.5554631809987467, -71.1699602375367 2.1583283038799688, -71.21920108956016 1.7764259792921264 M-71.21920108956016 1.7764259792921264 C-71.23869070707194 1.4728594548100884, -71.25818032458372 1.1692929303280506, -71.29518249971272 0.5929541850756229 M-71.21920108956016 1.7764259792921264 C-71.23950731979842 1.4601400524371841, -71.25981355003668 1.143854125582242, -71.29518249971272 0.5929541850756229 M-71.29518249971272 0.5929541850756229 C-71.29518249971272 0.3471738699916507, -71.29518249971272 0.10139355490767848, -71.29518249971272 -0.5929541850756139 M-71.29518249971272 0.5929541850756229 C-71.29518249971272 0.20989165900381374, -71.29518249971272 -0.17317086706799545, -71.29518249971272 -0.5929541850756139 M-71.29518249971272 -0.5929541850756139 C-71.26516377242633 -1.0605200932417402, -71.23514504513993 -1.5280860014078665, -71.21920108956016 -1.776425979292101 M-71.29518249971272 -0.5929541850756139 C-71.27636589926075 -0.8860379256016169, -71.25754929880877 -1.1791216661276196, -71.21920108956016 -1.776425979292101 M-71.21920108956016 -1.776425979292101 C-71.18704444566876 -2.025826559266229, -71.15488780177736 -2.2752271392403562, -71.06755049316733 -2.9525980581175157 M-71.21920108956016 -1.776425979292101 C-71.16443565490026 -2.201175875856059, -71.10967022024035 -2.6259257724200165, -71.06755049316733 -2.9525980581175157 M-71.06755049316733 -2.9525980581175157 C-70.98157980207183 -3.39403938698086, -70.89560911097635 -3.835480715844204, -70.84085387536373 -4.116637278191813 M-71.06755049316733 -2.9525980581175157 C-70.9773106863603 -3.4159603938817185, -70.88707087955325 -3.8793227296459207, -70.84085387536373 -4.116637278191813 M-70.84085387536373 -4.116637278191813 C-70.72466342672487 -4.5597218161108, -70.608472978086 -5.002806354029787, -70.54004278117823 -5.263760352674091 M-70.84085387536373 -4.116637278191813 C-70.76141263583777 -4.419581154555336, -70.6819713963118 -4.722525030918858, -70.54004278117823 -5.263760352674091 M-70.54004278117823 -5.263760352674091 C-70.43505648157216 -5.579962359792354, -70.33007018196608 -5.896164366910616, -70.16635330792057 -6.389253506794178 M-70.54004278117823 -5.263760352674091 C-70.43817415934545 -5.570572411073688, -70.33630553751267 -5.877384469473284, -70.16635330792057 -6.389253506794178 M-70.16635330792057 -6.389253506794178 C-70.04104438871273 -6.698768959920695, -69.91573546950488 -7.008284413047212, -69.72132102579253 -7.488491847764283 M-70.16635330792057 -6.389253506794178 C-70.04337360633744 -6.693015747355313, -69.92039390475429 -6.996777987916447, -69.72132102579253 -7.488491847764283 M-69.72132102579253 -7.488491847764283 C-69.54363999943347 -7.8574503007638326, -69.36595897307438 -8.226408753763383, -69.2067746679005 -8.556958369455446 M-69.72132102579253 -7.488491847764283 C-69.53645962316233 -7.872360505726261, -69.35159822053214 -8.256229163688241, -69.2067746679005 -8.556958369455446 M-69.2067746679005 -8.556958369455446 C-68.9802168435885 -8.959234727988813, -68.75365901927648 -9.36151108652218, -68.6248286155989 -9.590262513744717 M-69.2067746679005 -8.556958369455446 C-69.03381283681985 -8.864069614823718, -68.8608510057392 -9.17118086019199, -68.6248286155989 -9.590262513744717 M-68.6248286155989 -9.590262513744717 C-68.49510189501783 -9.789557593059305, -68.36537517443674 -9.988852672373893, -67.97787421004368 -10.584158212260139 M-68.6248286155989 -9.590262513744717 C-68.47345752093284 -9.822809163982068, -68.3220864262668 -10.055355814219418, -67.97787421004368 -10.584158212260139 M-67.97787421004368 -10.584158212260139 C-67.83188899092457 -10.779765106352684, -67.68590377180547 -10.97537200044523, -67.26856992565855 -11.534561334386567 M-67.97787421004368 -10.584158212260139 C-67.75186735979116 -10.886986801950878, -67.52586050953866 -11.189815391641618, -67.26856992565855 -11.534561334386567 M-67.26856992565855 -11.534561334386567 C-67.07691622654261 -11.759688674772574, -66.88526252742666 -11.98481601515858, -66.49983044589334 -12.437566469834355 M-67.26856992565855 -11.534561334386567 C-67.03964984865145 -11.803463882760502, -66.81072977164435 -12.072366431134437, -66.49983044589334 -12.437566469834355 M-66.49983044589334 -12.437566469834355 C-66.20317451534636 -12.743888074028959, -65.9065185847994 -13.050209678223563, -65.67481468616451 -13.28946297680795 M-66.49983044589334 -12.437566469834355 C-66.29895514683611 -12.64498670827971, -66.09807984777888 -12.852406946725067, -65.67481468616451 -13.28946297680795 M-65.67481468616451 -13.28946297680795 C-65.32521714551942 -13.606958213377771, -64.97561960487432 -13.924453449947594, -64.7969128131941 -14.086750229828974 M-65.67481468616451 -13.28946297680795 C-65.43629801403809 -13.50607750762785, -65.19778134191165 -13.72269203844775, -64.7969128131941 -14.086750229828974 M-64.7969128131941 -14.086750229828974 C-64.51038580723524 -14.315247892277318, -64.22385880127636 -14.543745554725664, -63.8697323140875 -14.826152004557194 M-64.7969128131941 -14.086750229828974 C-64.5198993774651 -14.307661073185741, -64.24288594173609 -14.528571916542509, -63.8697323140875 -14.826152004557194 M-63.8697323140875 -14.826152004557194 C-63.60295442174438 -15.012244713626929, -63.33617652940126 -15.198337422696664, -62.89708317239516 -15.504629940499045 M-63.8697323140875 -14.826152004557194 C-63.57830975908843 -15.029435763445468, -63.28688720408935 -15.23271952233374, -62.89708317239516 -15.504629940499045 M-62.89708317239516 -15.504629940499045 C-62.58753128728142 -15.692282112383792, -62.27797940216769 -15.879934284268536, -61.882962212072854 -16.1193960262827 M-62.89708317239516 -15.504629940499045 C-62.55744022199328 -15.710523492996192, -62.2177972715914 -15.916417045493336, -61.882962212072854 -16.1193960262827 M-61.882962212072854 -16.1193960262827 C-61.665048026408904 -16.233081717362886, -61.447133840744954 -16.34676740844307, -60.83153667367483 -16.667924056194753 M-61.882962212072854 -16.1193960262827 C-61.64986263134979 -16.241003928238516, -61.41676305062673 -16.362611830194332, -60.83153667367483 -16.667924056194753 M-60.83153667367483 -16.667924056194753 C-60.561449250854444 -16.7874837464186, -60.29136182803405 -16.907043436642454, -59.74712709026843 -17.147960010901397 M-60.83153667367483 -16.667924056194753 C-60.520806064019716 -16.805475279593036, -60.21007545436459 -16.943026502991316, -59.74712709026843 -17.147960010901397 M-59.74712709026843 -17.147960010901397 C-59.51691663046302 -17.23267958815195, -59.286706170657624 -17.3173991654025, -58.634189533436995 -17.557531319697365 M-59.74712709026843 -17.147960010901397 C-59.47709569783169 -17.247334059460943, -59.20706430539495 -17.346708108020493, -58.634189533436995 -17.557531319697365 M-58.634189533436995 -17.557531319697365 C-58.306800863821756 -17.65469855834097, -57.979412194206525 -17.75186579698458, -57.497297302325904 -17.894954966222038 M-58.634189533436995 -17.557531319697365 C-58.36241637913391 -17.63819216532812, -58.09064322483083 -17.71885301095888, -57.497297302325904 -17.894954966222038 M-57.497297302325904 -17.894954966222038 C-57.16462820093114 -17.97088451774663, -56.83195909953637 -18.04681406927122, -56.34112213097539 -18.158844404334708 M-57.497297302325904 -17.894954966222038 C-57.22957307010391 -17.95606127516282, -56.96184883788192 -18.017167584103607, -56.34112213097539 -18.158844404334708 M-56.34112213097539 -18.158844404334708 C-56.05667574569741 -18.20483148999179, -55.77222936041942 -18.25081857564887, -55.170414991163376 -18.34811525573005 M-56.34112213097539 -18.158844404334708 C-55.87554376096902 -18.234115504583155, -55.409965390962654 -18.309386604831598, -55.170414991163376 -18.34811525573005 M-55.170414991163376 -18.34811525573005 C-54.91814005687863 -18.3724519152355, -54.665865122593885 -18.396788574740953, -53.98998656964319 -18.46198976588122 M-55.170414991163376 -18.34811525573005 C-54.780050742482366 -18.385773225318612, -54.38968649380136 -18.42343119490717, -53.98998656964319 -18.46198976588122 M-53.98998656964319 -18.46198976588122 C-53.72254214061384 -18.47056618817119, -53.455097711584486 -18.47914261046116, -52.80468750000001 -18.5 M-53.98998656964319 -18.46198976588122 C-53.53130224187972 -18.476698879497715, -53.07261791411624 -18.491407993114205, -52.80468750000001 -18.5 M-52.80468750000001 -18.5 C-52.80468750000001 -18.5, -52.8046875 -18.5, -52.8046875 -18.5 M-52.80468750000001 -18.5 C-52.80468750000001 -18.5, -52.80468750000001 -18.5, -52.8046875 -18.5\" stroke=\"#4948b8\" stroke-width=\"1.3\" fill=\"none\" stroke-dasharray=\"0 0\" style=\"\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Cg class=\"label\" style=\"\" transform=\"translate(-58.6796875, -10.5)\">\u003Crect\u002F>\u003CforeignObject width=\"117.359375\" height=\"21\">\u003Cdiv xmlns=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.w3.org\u002F1999\u002Fxhtml\" style=\"display: table-cell; white-space: nowrap; line-height: 1.5; max-width: 200px; text-align: center;\">\u003Cspan class=\"nodeLabel\">\u003Cp>UC Santa Barbara\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003C\u002FforeignObject>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Cg class=\"node default\" id=\"ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969-flowchart-UTAH-3\" data-look=\"classic\" transform=\"translate(362.2102851867676, 26.5)\">\u003Cg class=\"basic label-container outer-path\">\u003Cpath d=\"M-51.421875 -18.5 C-28.961137195672357 -18.5, -6.500399391344715 -18.5, 51.421875 -18.5 C51.421875 -18.5, 51.421875 -18.5, 51.421875 -18.5 C51.858920191772604 -18.485984811356712, 52.2959653835452 -18.471969622713424, 52.607174069643186 -18.46198976588122 C52.89824034513768 -18.43391095234268, 53.18930662063217 -18.405832138804136, 53.78760249116336 -18.348115255730054 C54.13772200834434 -18.29151064740964, 54.48784152552531 -18.23490603908923, 54.958309630975386 -18.15884440433471 C55.36680213617051 -18.06560865568664, 55.77529464136563 -17.97237290703857, 56.11448480232588 -17.894954966222045 C56.423862961622625 -17.803133152501868, 56.733241120919374 -17.71131133878169, 57.25137703343698 -17.557531319697368 C57.68617765567141 -17.39752067146221, 58.12097827790583 -17.23751002322705, 58.36431459026842 -17.147960010901404 C58.73273587994062 -16.984870834792776, 59.10115716961282 -16.821781658684152, 59.448724173674826 -16.667924056194753 C59.790121687740125 -16.489817191782432, 60.131519201805425 -16.31171032737011, 60.50014971207285 -16.119396026282708 C60.75987863301078 -15.961946828073572, 61.01960755394871 -15.804497629864436, 61.51427067239515 -15.504629940499052 C61.782354474329004 -15.317626285430741, 62.05043827626285 -15.13062263036243, 62.4869198140875 -14.826152004557198 C62.683847759969716 -14.669107208188853, 62.88077570585194 -14.512062411820509, 63.41410031319408 -14.086750229828988 C63.75042725406482 -13.781307000853408, 64.08675419493555 -13.475863771877826, 64.2920021861645 -13.289462976807961 C64.50887687766375 -13.065522052091673, 64.725751569163 -12.841581127375385, 65.11701794589334 -12.437566469834366 C65.38127794667032 -12.127151636101704, 65.6455379474473 -11.816736802369045, 65.88575742565855 -11.534561334386572 C66.10842852694587 -11.236202344416204, 66.33109962823319 -10.937843354445839, 66.59506171004368 -10.584158212260142 C66.82766558474836 -10.22681619782776, 67.06026945945305 -9.869474183395381, 67.2420161155989 -9.590262513744715 C67.41841703852306 -9.27704481256247, 67.59481796144723 -8.963827111380226, 67.8239621679005 -8.556958369455453 C67.97882599298116 -8.235380323120427, 68.13368981806182 -7.913802276785404, 68.33850852579253 -7.48849184776429 C68.4972428999769 -7.096414874608547, 68.65597727416127 -6.704337901452805, 68.78354080792056 -6.3892535067942 C68.91843363151679 -5.982977814375093, 69.05332645511302 -5.576702121955986, 69.15723028117822 -5.2637603526741055 C69.24995195870312 -4.9101724104424145, 69.34267363622801 -4.5565844682107235, 69.45804137536373 -4.116637278191818 C69.51378105339643 -3.8304258120790604, 69.56952073142912 -3.544214345966303, 69.68473799316732 -2.9525980581175224 C69.73112305608367 -2.5928446699049887, 69.77750811900003 -2.233091281692455, 69.83638858956016 -1.776425979292116 C69.85571730506726 -1.4753656334106253, 69.87504602057437 -1.1743052875291347, 69.91236999971272 -0.5929541850756206 C69.91236999971272 -0.20517343562264945, 69.91236999971272 0.1826073138303217, 69.91236999971272 0.592954185075616 C69.8822217429881 1.0625376187965305, 69.85207348626346 1.532121052517445, 69.83638858956016 1.7764259792921033 C69.79677611621746 2.0836525001704875, 69.75716364287476 2.3908790210488715, 69.68473799316733 2.9525980581175095 C69.62576742229852 3.2553994760943015, 69.5667968514297 3.558200894071094, 69.45804137536373 4.116637278191814 C69.34703100391299 4.539967936732845, 69.23602063246223 4.963298595273875, 69.15723028117822 5.263760352674093 C69.0185844904634 5.681339384100285, 68.87993869974859 6.0989184155264775, 68.78354080792057 6.389253506794188 C68.63520391659118 6.755648496276474, 68.48686702526179 7.12204348575876, 68.33850852579253 7.488491847764285 C68.18692845102339 7.803251116316435, 68.03534837625426 8.118010384868585, 67.8239621679005 8.556958369455447 C67.60882365603766 8.93895858240456, 67.39368514417481 9.320958795353672, 67.2420161155989 9.590262513744712 C66.99220883484338 9.974033579632536, 66.74240155408786 10.35780464552036, 66.5950617100437 10.584158212260133 C66.31874520063508 10.954397161915821, 66.04242869122645 11.324636111571508, 65.88575742565855 11.534561334386567 C65.6795594787564 11.776773175813391, 65.47336153185425 12.018985017240217, 65.11701794589334 12.437566469834355 C64.94766356490433 12.61243877245877, 64.77830918391531 12.787311075083185, 64.2920021861645 13.289462976807956 C63.953077597804274 13.597265320503503, 63.61415300944406 13.90506766419905, 63.4141003131941 14.086750229828976 C63.142421642321146 14.303406740177099, 62.87074297144819 14.520063250525222, 62.4869198140875 14.826152004557196 C62.20409042308122 15.023441544236169, 61.921261032074945 15.220731083915142, 61.514270672395156 15.504629940499047 C61.228684113267086 15.677754190935394, 60.94309755413901 15.85087844137174, 60.50014971207285 16.119396026282704 C60.211861299234315 16.269795906603026, 59.923572886395775 16.42019578692335, 59.448724173674826 16.667924056194753 C59.16406743833229 16.793933148888858, 58.879410702989745 16.919942241582966, 58.36431459026843 17.1479600109014 C58.13880321305599 17.230950282319895, 57.91329183584356 17.31394055373839, 57.251377033436995 17.557531319697365 C56.882003938770175 17.66715931531554, 56.512630844103356 17.776787310933713, 56.114484802325904 17.89495496622204 C55.76824046625691 17.97398297647434, 55.421996130187914 18.053010986726637, 54.95830963097539 18.158844404334708 C54.651493270043616 18.208448094173743, 54.34467690911184 18.258051784012775, 53.78760249116337 18.34811525573005 C53.394059160835404 18.38607990750169, 53.000515830507446 18.424044559273323, 52.607174069643186 18.46198976588122 C52.217729307242806 18.47447850140316, 51.828284544842425 18.486967236925093, 51.421875 18.5 C51.421875 18.5, 51.421875 18.5, 51.421875 18.5 C18.872988899028336 18.5, -13.675897201943329 18.5, -51.421875 18.5 C-51.893780221521816 18.484866918053587, -52.36568544304364 18.46973383610717, -52.60717406964318 18.46198976588122 C-52.91442246422065 18.432349882776588, -53.22167085879813 18.402709999671956, -53.78760249116336 18.34811525573005 C-54.16752188358817 18.2866928346817, -54.54744127601298 18.225270413633346, -54.958309630975386 18.158844404334708 C-55.388084909083325 18.06075100165236, -55.817860187191265 17.96265759897001, -56.11448480232588 17.894954966222045 C-56.450565710920735 17.795207916675782, -56.786646619515594 17.69546086712952, -57.251377033436974 17.557531319697375 C-57.68216100760258 17.398998835081027, -58.11294498176819 17.24046635046468, -58.36431459026842 17.147960010901404 C-58.61597625199834 17.036556858531522, -58.86763791372825 16.925153706161645, -59.44872417367482 16.667924056194757 C-59.843616818544454 16.461908816307076, -60.23850946341409 16.2558935764194, -60.50014971207284 16.119396026282708 C-60.87160039467007 15.89422043960576, -61.2430510772673 15.669044852928813, -61.51427067239514 15.50462994049906 C-61.72426044974119 15.358150162133409, -61.93425022708723 15.211670383767759, -62.48691981408749 14.8261520045572 C-62.71658433347318 14.643000661976647, -62.94624885285887 14.459849319396092, -63.41410031319408 14.086750229828992 C-63.71027145703117 13.817775433255207, -64.00644260086825 13.54880063668142, -64.2920021861645 13.289462976807968 C-64.54201068547775 13.031308675187509, -64.792019184791 12.77315437356705, -65.11701794589334 12.43756646983436 C-65.31609988572919 12.20371349521988, -65.51518182556505 11.969860520605398, -65.88575742565855 11.534561334386574 C-66.03679233013877 11.332188321945939, -66.187827234619 11.129815309505304, -66.59506171004368 10.584158212260144 C-66.7315997038263 10.374399188225045, -66.86813769760892 10.164640164189947, -67.2420161155989 9.590262513744724 C-67.4029640440952 9.304483168954526, -67.56391197259148 9.018703824164328, -67.8239621679005 8.556958369455455 C-67.99955426312592 8.192337626650929, -68.17514635835133 7.827716883846401, -68.33850852579253 7.488491847764292 C-68.5162605092428 7.049441012041333, -68.69401249269305 6.610390176318374, -68.78354080792056 6.389253506794202 C-68.88038908762464 6.0975619190033825, -68.9772373673287 5.805870331212564, -69.15723028117822 5.2637603526741 C-69.245687860362 4.926433265489022, -69.33414543954578 4.589106178303943, -69.45804137536373 4.116637278191821 C-69.53544141383779 3.7192044391314796, -69.61284145231184 3.3217716000711386, -69.68473799316732 2.9525980581175246 C-69.73306798514982 2.577760184137695, -69.7813979771323 2.2029223101578657, -69.83638858956016 1.7764259792921264 C-69.86094551332475 1.3939320696665396, -69.88550243708934 1.0114381600409525, -69.91236999971272 0.5929541850756229 C-69.91236999971272 0.16695910531659347, -69.91236999971272 -0.259035974442436, -69.91236999971272 -0.5929541850756139 C-69.8905895998903 -0.9322014931320846, -69.86880920006789 -1.2714488011885554, -69.83638858956016 -1.776425979292101 C-69.7841134570642 -2.1818615840383773, -69.73183832456822 -2.587297188784653, -69.68473799316733 -2.9525980581175157 C-69.60501489519987 -3.3619593166976647, -69.52529179723243 -3.771320575277813, -69.45804137536373 -4.116637278191813 C-69.35756987348184 -4.499778659491846, -69.25709837159995 -4.8829200407918805, -69.15723028117823 -5.263760352674091 C-69.08231013454936 -5.489407897415949, -69.00738998792049 -5.715055442157807, -68.78354080792057 -6.389253506794178 C-68.65302052707042 -6.711641123932017, -68.52250024622028 -7.034028741069855, -68.33850852579253 -7.488491847764283 C-68.15805285668999 -7.86321190578849, -67.97759718758745 -8.237931963812699, -67.8239621679005 -8.556958369455446 C-67.66344490717854 -8.84197302000247, -67.50292764645658 -9.126987670549495, -67.2420161155989 -9.590262513744717 C-66.99367207920957 -9.971785643349934, -66.74532804282025 -10.35330877295515, -66.59506171004368 -10.584158212260139 C-66.43814652847534 -10.794410260294594, -66.28123134690699 -11.00466230832905, -65.88575742565855 -11.534561334386567 C-65.72397319177337 -11.724602301291807, -65.56218895788817 -11.914643268197047, -65.11701794589334 -12.437566469834355 C-64.94656508555055 -12.613573042578388, -64.77611222520774 -12.789579615322422, -64.29200218616451 -13.28946297680795 C-64.10068668592564 -13.463210652194148, -63.90937118568675 -13.636958327580345, -63.4141003131941 -14.086750229828974 C-63.22433511800708 -14.238082923126695, -63.03456992282006 -14.389415616424417, -62.4869198140875 -14.826152004557194 C-62.192701935186626 -15.031385660391745, -61.898484056285746 -15.236619316226294, -61.51427067239516 -15.504629940499045 C-61.23632718865617 -15.673120913718837, -60.958383704917175 -15.841611886938628, -60.500149712072854 -16.1193960262827 C-60.260250325326936 -16.244551382685156, -60.020350938581025 -16.369706739087608, -59.44872417367483 -16.667924056194753 C-59.17845506641231 -16.787564172731656, -58.90818595914979 -16.90720428926856, -58.36431459026843 -17.147960010901397 C-58.04203107994662 -17.266563321855934, -57.719747569624815 -17.38516663281047, -57.251377033436995 -17.557531319697365 C-56.91854865910998 -17.656313034145835, -56.58572028478296 -17.755094748594306, -56.114484802325904 -17.894954966222038 C-55.65612747674504 -17.999572034724793, -55.19777015116418 -18.104189103227547, -54.95830963097539 -18.158844404334708 C-54.623155653443874 -18.21302950026409, -54.288001675912355 -18.267214596193472, -53.787602491163376 -18.34811525573005 C-53.55119413740322 -18.37092128529465, -53.31478578364307 -18.393727314859248, -52.60717406964319 -18.46198976588122 C-52.3197704768217 -18.47120623970585, -52.03236688400021 -18.480422713530476, -51.42187500000001 -18.5 C-51.42187500000001 -18.5, -51.42187500000001 -18.5, -51.421875 -18.5\" stroke=\"none\" stroke-width=\"0\" fill=\"#eef0fc\" style=\"\"\u002F>\u003Cpath d=\"M-51.421875 -18.5 C-18.454398202970168 -18.5, 14.513078594059664 -18.5, 51.421875 -18.5 M-51.421875 -18.5 C-12.500392236512248 -18.5, 26.421090526975505 -18.5, 51.421875 -18.5 M51.421875 -18.5 C51.421875 -18.5, 51.421875 -18.5, 51.421875 -18.5 M51.421875 -18.5 C51.421875 -18.5, 51.421875 -18.5, 51.421875 -18.5 M51.421875 -18.5 C51.67796174585539 -18.49178779650303, 51.93404849171078 -18.48357559300606, 52.607174069643186 -18.46198976588122 M51.421875 -18.5 C51.80394654246042 -18.487747709290435, 52.18601808492085 -18.475495418580874, 52.607174069643186 -18.46198976588122 M52.607174069643186 -18.46198976588122 C53.02875358215497 -18.421320497332754, 53.45033309466675 -18.380651228784288, 53.78760249116336 -18.348115255730054 M52.607174069643186 -18.46198976588122 C52.87354488217857 -18.436293293953703, 53.139915694713956 -18.41059682202619, 53.78760249116336 -18.348115255730054 M53.78760249116336 -18.348115255730054 C54.21849201643876 -18.278452378881703, 54.64938154171416 -18.208789502033355, 54.958309630975386 -18.15884440433471 M53.78760249116336 -18.348115255730054 C54.05719520687609 -18.304529596176355, 54.326787922588814 -18.26094393662266, 54.958309630975386 -18.15884440433471 M54.958309630975386 -18.15884440433471 C55.38522566213303 -18.061403606110435, 55.81214169329068 -17.963962807886162, 56.11448480232588 -17.894954966222045 M54.958309630975386 -18.15884440433471 C55.38926552118497 -18.060481534644374, 55.820221411394556 -17.96211866495404, 56.11448480232588 -17.894954966222045 M56.11448480232588 -17.894954966222045 C56.512649395907154 -17.776781804855727, 56.91081398948842 -17.658608643489405, 57.25137703343698 -17.557531319697368 M56.11448480232588 -17.894954966222045 C56.553721041921 -17.764591955908283, 56.99295728151612 -17.634228945594522, 57.25137703343698 -17.557531319697368 M57.25137703343698 -17.557531319697368 C57.57672172219898 -17.437801466779618, 57.902066410960984 -17.318071613861868, 58.36431459026842 -17.147960010901404 M57.25137703343698 -17.557531319697368 C57.55102775637681 -17.447257083714593, 57.85067847931665 -17.336982847731818, 58.36431459026842 -17.147960010901404 M58.36431459026842 -17.147960010901404 C58.75925802529451 -16.9731302677961, 59.15420146032059 -16.798300524690795, 59.448724173674826 -16.667924056194753 M58.36431459026842 -17.147960010901404 C58.71185172156081 -16.99411563220097, 59.05938885285321 -16.840271253500536, 59.448724173674826 -16.667924056194753 M59.448724173674826 -16.667924056194753 C59.73499128299036 -16.518578688627677, 60.02125839230588 -16.3692333210606, 60.50014971207285 -16.119396026282708 M59.448724173674826 -16.667924056194753 C59.789520542915106 -16.490130808652594, 60.13031691215538 -16.312337561110436, 60.50014971207285 -16.119396026282708 M60.50014971207285 -16.119396026282708 C60.72308562831995 -15.984250963736848, 60.94602154456705 -15.849105901190988, 61.51427067239515 -15.504629940499052 M60.50014971207285 -16.119396026282708 C60.733226350536654 -15.978103598335585, 60.96630298900046 -15.83681117038846, 61.51427067239515 -15.504629940499052 M61.51427067239515 -15.504629940499052 C61.715241046727485 -15.364441707232105, 61.91621142105981 -15.224253473965158, 62.4869198140875 -14.826152004557198 M61.51427067239515 -15.504629940499052 C61.83468858593879 -15.281120274678928, 62.15510649948244 -15.057610608858802, 62.4869198140875 -14.826152004557198 M62.4869198140875 -14.826152004557198 C62.791994640924464 -14.582862948536812, 63.09706946776142 -14.339573892516427, 63.41410031319408 -14.086750229828988 M62.4869198140875 -14.826152004557198 C62.69423086029841 -14.660826961982623, 62.90154190650932 -14.49550191940805, 63.41410031319408 -14.086750229828988 M63.41410031319408 -14.086750229828988 C63.6217636102109 -13.898155917948069, 63.82942690722771 -13.70956160606715, 64.2920021861645 -13.289462976807961 M63.41410031319408 -14.086750229828988 C63.70444816396032 -13.823063993946253, 63.99479601472655 -13.559377758063516, 64.2920021861645 -13.289462976807961 M64.2920021861645 -13.289462976807961 C64.5785984483018 -12.993528806160466, 64.86519471043913 -12.697594635512973, 65.11701794589334 -12.437566469834366 M64.2920021861645 -13.289462976807961 C64.58290516780058 -12.98908176468974, 64.87380814943667 -12.688700552571518, 65.11701794589334 -12.437566469834366 M65.11701794589334 -12.437566469834366 C65.38670862140731 -12.120772456541484, 65.6563992969213 -11.803978443248603, 65.88575742565855 -11.534561334386572 M65.11701794589334 -12.437566469834366 C65.36766831242501 -12.143138286896367, 65.61831867895668 -11.848710103958368, 65.88575742565855 -11.534561334386572 M65.88575742565855 -11.534561334386572 C66.05880537356643 -11.302692849182383, 66.23185332147432 -11.070824363978193, 66.59506171004368 -10.584158212260142 M65.88575742565855 -11.534561334386572 C66.11359445244797 -11.229280474868885, 66.3414314792374 -10.923999615351196, 66.59506171004368 -10.584158212260142 M66.59506171004368 -10.584158212260142 C66.78904554485582 -10.286146950035473, 66.98302937966798 -9.988135687810804, 67.2420161155989 -9.590262513744715 M66.59506171004368 -10.584158212260142 C66.78548200898953 -10.291621498069466, 66.97590230793539 -9.99908478387879, 67.2420161155989 -9.590262513744715 M67.2420161155989 -9.590262513744715 C67.36647832081184 -9.369267265224238, 67.49094052602477 -9.14827201670376, 67.8239621679005 -8.556958369455453 M67.2420161155989 -9.590262513744715 C67.41967709237086 -9.274807459361417, 67.59733806914282 -8.95935240497812, 67.8239621679005 -8.556958369455453 M67.8239621679005 -8.556958369455453 C68.01834090371031 -8.153326765507714, 68.21271963952012 -7.749695161559974, 68.33850852579253 -7.48849184776429 M67.8239621679005 -8.556958369455453 C67.94184701030639 -8.312167971868067, 68.05973185271228 -8.067377574280682, 68.33850852579253 -7.48849184776429 M68.33850852579253 -7.48849184776429 C68.4792623877768 -7.140827087372358, 68.62001624976106 -6.7931623269804255, 68.78354080792056 -6.3892535067942 M68.33850852579253 -7.48849184776429 C68.50341821427271 -7.081161728906326, 68.66832790275288 -6.673831610048364, 68.78354080792056 -6.3892535067942 M68.78354080792056 -6.3892535067942 C68.92276845827674 -5.969922006834968, 69.06199610863293 -5.550590506875735, 69.15723028117822 -5.2637603526741055 M68.78354080792056 -6.3892535067942 C68.8787299717574 -6.10255891165128, 68.97391913559423 -5.81586431650836, 69.15723028117822 -5.2637603526741055 M69.15723028117822 -5.2637603526741055 C69.23162481541168 -4.980061750846844, 69.30601934964513 -4.696363149019584, 69.45804137536373 -4.116637278191818 M69.15723028117822 -5.2637603526741055 C69.26214475200597 -4.863676005188595, 69.36705922283372 -4.463591657703085, 69.45804137536373 -4.116637278191818 M69.45804137536373 -4.116637278191818 C69.53576010025273 -3.7175680517451144, 69.61347882514174 -3.318498825298411, 69.68473799316732 -2.9525980581175224 M69.45804137536373 -4.116637278191818 C69.52195991696092 -3.7884290762787707, 69.58587845855813 -3.4602208743657235, 69.68473799316732 -2.9525980581175224 M69.68473799316732 -2.9525980581175224 C69.72534524386971 -2.6376562404783632, 69.76595249457212 -2.322714422839204, 69.83638858956016 -1.776425979292116 M69.68473799316732 -2.9525980581175224 C69.74218560697909 -2.507045709707821, 69.79963322079088 -2.0614933612981194, 69.83638858956016 -1.776425979292116 M69.83638858956016 -1.776425979292116 C69.85664780108658 -1.4608724068270003, 69.87690701261299 -1.1453188343618843, 69.91236999971272 -0.5929541850756206 M69.83638858956016 -1.776425979292116 C69.85474639930742 -1.4904882743212842, 69.87310420905467 -1.2045505693504523, 69.91236999971272 -0.5929541850756206 M69.91236999971272 -0.5929541850756206 C69.91236999971272 -0.23054311433575442, 69.91236999971272 0.13186795640411175, 69.91236999971272 0.592954185075616 M69.91236999971272 -0.5929541850756206 C69.91236999971272 -0.22111318064035584, 69.91236999971272 0.1507278237949089, 69.91236999971272 0.592954185075616 M69.91236999971272 0.592954185075616 C69.88779635233173 0.97570857852574, 69.86322270495073 1.358462971975864, 69.83638858956016 1.7764259792921033 M69.91236999971272 0.592954185075616 C69.89128289741045 0.921402824636071, 69.87019579510819 1.2498514641965262, 69.83638858956016 1.7764259792921033 M69.83638858956016 1.7764259792921033 C69.8017744942665 2.044886067063499, 69.76716039897285 2.3133461548348953, 69.68473799316733 2.9525980581175095 M69.83638858956016 1.7764259792921033 C69.7816983062281 2.200593016997632, 69.72700802289603 2.6247600547031613, 69.68473799316733 2.9525980581175095 M69.68473799316733 2.9525980581175095 C69.60097831758033 3.382686289643057, 69.51721864199332 3.812774521168605, 69.45804137536373 4.116637278191814 M69.68473799316733 2.9525980581175095 C69.63386170067268 3.2138370673692713, 69.58298540817805 3.4750760766210336, 69.45804137536373 4.116637278191814 M69.45804137536373 4.116637278191814 C69.35939272448906 4.492827338572713, 69.26074407361438 4.869017398953611, 69.15723028117822 5.263760352674093 M69.45804137536373 4.116637278191814 C69.39366482421535 4.362132968694359, 69.32928827306696 4.607628659196905, 69.15723028117822 5.263760352674093 M69.15723028117822 5.263760352674093 C69.04156715294758 5.61211926648794, 68.92590402471693 5.960478180301786, 68.78354080792057 6.389253506794188 M69.15723028117822 5.263760352674093 C69.0290041343256 5.64995707693214, 68.90077798747298 6.036153801190188, 68.78354080792057 6.389253506794188 M68.78354080792057 6.389253506794188 C68.61092769026394 6.815611244653684, 68.4383145726073 7.241968982513178, 68.33850852579253 7.488491847764285 M68.78354080792057 6.389253506794188 C68.65963458658295 6.695304269061938, 68.53572836524532 7.001355031329689, 68.33850852579253 7.488491847764285 M68.33850852579253 7.488491847764285 C68.13873418869152 7.903327533240592, 67.93895985159051 8.318163218716899, 67.8239621679005 8.556958369455447 M68.33850852579253 7.488491847764285 C68.15563193174489 7.868239008236478, 67.97275533769725 8.247986168708671, 67.8239621679005 8.556958369455447 M67.8239621679005 8.556958369455447 C67.6293657362477 8.902484038880424, 67.43476930459492 9.248009708305398, 67.2420161155989 9.590262513744712 M67.8239621679005 8.556958369455447 C67.61673661017547 8.924908331059392, 67.40951105245041 9.292858292663336, 67.2420161155989 9.590262513744712 M67.2420161155989 9.590262513744712 C67.06560002236208 9.861285007310544, 66.88918392912525 10.132307500876376, 66.5950617100437 10.584158212260133 M67.2420161155989 9.590262513744712 C67.0816473947148 9.836631934053921, 66.9212786738307 10.083001354363132, 66.5950617100437 10.584158212260133 M66.5950617100437 10.584158212260133 C66.37544139945493 10.878429420627183, 66.15582108886616 11.172700628994235, 65.88575742565855 11.534561334386567 M66.5950617100437 10.584158212260133 C66.41937360954803 10.819564261409097, 66.24368550905237 11.054970310558062, 65.88575742565855 11.534561334386567 M65.88575742565855 11.534561334386567 C65.66619512240852 11.792471709233036, 65.44663281915848 12.050382084079503, 65.11701794589334 12.437566469834355 M65.88575742565855 11.534561334386567 C65.60379126590088 11.865774829966929, 65.32182510614321 12.196988325547293, 65.11701794589334 12.437566469834355 M65.11701794589334 12.437566469834355 C64.88402993421973 12.678145720558858, 64.65104192254613 12.91872497128336, 64.2920021861645 13.289462976807956 M65.11701794589334 12.437566469834355 C64.93993512849086 12.620419017572107, 64.76285231108838 12.80327156530986, 64.2920021861645 13.289462976807956 M64.2920021861645 13.289462976807956 C63.99741486314974 13.55699938921651, 63.70282754013498 13.824535801625064, 63.4141003131941 14.086750229828976 M64.2920021861645 13.289462976807956 C64.09102519231932 13.471984965058276, 63.89004819847416 13.654506953308594, 63.4141003131941 14.086750229828976 M63.4141003131941 14.086750229828976 C63.1959320987834 14.260733575121497, 62.977763884372706 14.434716920414017, 62.4869198140875 14.826152004557196 M63.4141003131941 14.086750229828976 C63.05894607815222 14.369976281223764, 62.70379184311034 14.653202332618552, 62.4869198140875 14.826152004557196 M62.4869198140875 14.826152004557196 C62.176257499562844 15.042856586814747, 61.865595185038195 15.259561169072299, 61.514270672395156 15.504629940499047 M62.4869198140875 14.826152004557196 C62.26537499182669 14.980692082045554, 62.04383016956588 15.135232159533912, 61.514270672395156 15.504629940499047 M61.514270672395156 15.504629940499047 C61.20232643033365 15.69373237322458, 60.89038218827214 15.882834805950113, 60.50014971207285 16.119396026282704 M61.514270672395156 15.504629940499047 C61.20390646007373 15.692774549910856, 60.89354224775231 15.880919159322666, 60.50014971207285 16.119396026282704 M60.50014971207285 16.119396026282704 C60.141139712536614 16.306691313083878, 59.78212971300039 16.493986599885048, 59.448724173674826 16.667924056194753 M60.50014971207285 16.119396026282704 C60.212089708058606 16.269676745865695, 59.92402970404437 16.419957465448682, 59.448724173674826 16.667924056194753 M59.448724173674826 16.667924056194753 C59.123137684382314 16.812051536824498, 58.7975511950898 16.956179017454243, 58.36431459026843 17.1479600109014 M59.448724173674826 16.667924056194753 C59.067578600153595 16.836645895310873, 58.68643302663237 17.005367734426997, 58.36431459026843 17.1479600109014 M58.36431459026843 17.1479600109014 C57.97997138440799 17.28940186348769, 57.59562817854756 17.430843716073976, 57.251377033436995 17.557531319697365 M58.36431459026843 17.1479600109014 C58.080864673670874 17.25227220039161, 57.79741475707331 17.356584389881814, 57.251377033436995 17.557531319697365 M57.251377033436995 17.557531319697365 C56.826798740703474 17.683543928323736, 56.40222044796995 17.80955653695011, 56.114484802325904 17.89495496622204 M57.251377033436995 17.557531319697365 C56.932800134064266 17.652083271186925, 56.61422323469153 17.74663522267648, 56.114484802325904 17.89495496622204 M56.114484802325904 17.89495496622204 C55.736828254590144 17.98115260880344, 55.35917170685439 18.067350251384838, 54.95830963097539 18.158844404334708 M56.114484802325904 17.89495496622204 C55.866327153626045 17.951595330157787, 55.618169504926186 18.008235694093532, 54.95830963097539 18.158844404334708 M54.95830963097539 18.158844404334708 C54.58376892587024 18.21939724092956, 54.209228220765084 18.27995007752441, 53.78760249116337 18.34811525573005 M54.95830963097539 18.158844404334708 C54.57762333977762 18.220390811629283, 54.196937048579834 18.28193721892386, 53.78760249116337 18.34811525573005 M53.78760249116337 18.34811525573005 C53.39271262088334 18.386209806591413, 52.997822750603305 18.424304357452776, 52.607174069643186 18.46198976588122 M53.78760249116337 18.34811525573005 C53.489836588414285 18.376840374252364, 53.1920706856652 18.405565492774674, 52.607174069643186 18.46198976588122 M52.607174069643186 18.46198976588122 C52.330646155405596 18.470857477861887, 52.054118241168005 18.479725189842554, 51.421875 18.5 M52.607174069643186 18.46198976588122 C52.25137863999802 18.47339943279615, 51.89558321035287 18.48480909971108, 51.421875 18.5 M51.421875 18.5 C51.421875 18.5, 51.421875 18.5, 51.421875 18.5 M51.421875 18.5 C51.421875 18.5, 51.421875 18.5, 51.421875 18.5 M51.421875 18.5 C21.364085778859554 18.5, -8.693703442280892 18.5, -51.421875 18.5 M51.421875 18.5 C20.528819659572875 18.5, -10.36423568085425 18.5, -51.421875 18.5 M-51.421875 18.5 C-51.72488318788699 18.490283117184124, -52.027891375773976 18.480566234368244, -52.60717406964318 18.46198976588122 M-51.421875 18.5 C-51.73560219653843 18.489939379439956, -52.04932939307686 18.47987875887991, -52.60717406964318 18.46198976588122 M-52.60717406964318 18.46198976588122 C-52.872470557505494 18.43639693276285, -53.13776704536781 18.41080409964448, -53.78760249116336 18.34811525573005 M-52.60717406964318 18.46198976588122 C-52.977688479042854 18.426246686415205, -53.34820288844253 18.390503606949192, -53.78760249116336 18.34811525573005 M-53.78760249116336 18.34811525573005 C-54.24894324226098 18.27352926084355, -54.71028399335859 18.198943265957045, -54.958309630975386 18.158844404334708 M-53.78760249116336 18.34811525573005 C-54.24570353641128 18.27405303136103, -54.70380458165919 18.199990806992016, -54.958309630975386 18.158844404334708 M-54.958309630975386 18.158844404334708 C-55.37662014659647 18.063367758875415, -55.79493066221756 17.967891113416126, -56.11448480232588 17.894954966222045 M-54.958309630975386 18.158844404334708 C-55.40583968491985 18.056698589928413, -55.85336973886431 17.954552775522117, -56.11448480232588 17.894954966222045 M-56.11448480232588 17.894954966222045 C-56.428653183571505 17.80171143977183, -56.74282156481713 17.708467913321616, -57.251377033436974 17.557531319697375 M-56.11448480232588 17.894954966222045 C-56.5053850456968 17.77893782586681, -56.89628528906771 17.66292068551157, -57.251377033436974 17.557531319697375 M-57.251377033436974 17.557531319697375 C-57.49588411286605 17.46755045426881, -57.74039119229513 17.377569588840245, -58.36431459026842 17.147960010901404 M-57.251377033436974 17.557531319697375 C-57.592335596151926 17.43205541683187, -57.93329415886688 17.306579513966362, -58.36431459026842 17.147960010901404 M-58.36431459026842 17.147960010901404 C-58.77652562025551 16.965486415731867, -59.1887366502426 16.783012820562334, -59.44872417367482 16.667924056194757 M-58.36431459026842 17.147960010901404 C-58.69160357734326 17.003078885006225, -59.018892564418096 16.858197759111043, -59.44872417367482 16.667924056194757 M-59.44872417367482 16.667924056194757 C-59.77551096365964 16.497439597176605, -60.10229775364446 16.326955138158453, -60.50014971207284 16.119396026282708 M-59.44872417367482 16.667924056194757 C-59.83449167614176 16.466669397253632, -60.2202591786087 16.265414738312508, -60.50014971207284 16.119396026282708 M-60.50014971207284 16.119396026282708 C-60.79801678870012 15.938827253970013, -61.095883865327394 15.75825848165732, -61.51427067239514 15.50462994049906 M-60.50014971207284 16.119396026282708 C-60.80005258971577 15.93759313943063, -61.0999554673587 15.755790252578555, -61.51427067239514 15.50462994049906 M-61.51427067239514 15.50462994049906 C-61.86156975459182 15.262369135093616, -62.2088688367885 15.02010832968817, -62.48691981408749 14.8261520045572 M-61.51427067239514 15.50462994049906 C-61.884485832928426 15.24638387086704, -62.25470099346171 14.988137801235021, -62.48691981408749 14.8261520045572 M-62.48691981408749 14.8261520045572 C-62.77509384838035 14.596340880841762, -63.06326788267321 14.366529757126322, -63.41410031319408 14.086750229828992 M-62.48691981408749 14.8261520045572 C-62.824878920150056 14.556638610941823, -63.16283802621262 14.287125217326444, -63.41410031319408 14.086750229828992 M-63.41410031319408 14.086750229828992 C-63.69406783745069 13.832491131833917, -63.97403536170729 13.578232033838841, -64.2920021861645 13.289462976807968 M-63.41410031319408 14.086750229828992 C-63.69584303445969 13.830878944879476, -63.9775857557253 13.57500765992996, -64.2920021861645 13.289462976807968 M-64.2920021861645 13.289462976807968 C-64.57799966592603 12.994147098124415, -64.86399714568755 12.69883121944086, -65.11701794589334 12.43756646983436 M-64.2920021861645 13.289462976807968 C-64.58657617048675 12.985291153021347, -64.881150154809 12.681119329234726, -65.11701794589334 12.43756646983436 M-65.11701794589334 12.43756646983436 C-65.37555414646009 12.13387513752209, -65.63409034702686 11.83018380520982, -65.88575742565855 11.534561334386574 M-65.11701794589334 12.43756646983436 C-65.39624591599389 12.109569407632664, -65.67547388609442 11.781572345430966, -65.88575742565855 11.534561334386574 M-65.88575742565855 11.534561334386574 C-66.1265265823641 11.211952598922554, -66.36729573906965 10.889343863458535, -66.59506171004368 10.584158212260144 M-65.88575742565855 11.534561334386574 C-66.104054330772 11.242063368791728, -66.32235123588545 10.949565403196882, -66.59506171004368 10.584158212260144 M-66.59506171004368 10.584158212260144 C-66.77296508176562 10.310850859550976, -66.95086845348757 10.037543506841809, -67.2420161155989 9.590262513744724 M-66.59506171004368 10.584158212260144 C-66.77349621521894 10.310034895937383, -66.9519307203942 10.035911579614622, -67.2420161155989 9.590262513744724 M-67.2420161155989 9.590262513744724 C-67.35967792420891 9.38134205800755, -67.47733973281893 9.172421602270376, -67.8239621679005 8.556958369455455 M-67.2420161155989 9.590262513744724 C-67.40116686231167 9.307674247195568, -67.56031760902444 9.025085980646413, -67.8239621679005 8.556958369455455 M-67.8239621679005 8.556958369455455 C-67.99841720587989 8.194698750351428, -68.17287224385927 7.8324391312474, -68.33850852579253 7.488491847764292 M-67.8239621679005 8.556958369455455 C-67.9925824322373 8.206814782664416, -68.1612026965741 7.856671195873378, -68.33850852579253 7.488491847764292 M-68.33850852579253 7.488491847764292 C-68.44317057635199 7.229974559379356, -68.54783262691143 6.971457270994418, -68.78354080792056 6.389253506794202 M-68.33850852579253 7.488491847764292 C-68.48733206302099 7.120894833502672, -68.63615560024942 6.753297819241051, -68.78354080792056 6.389253506794202 M-68.78354080792056 6.389253506794202 C-68.91313672246137 5.99893126050216, -69.04273263700219 5.608609014210118, -69.15723028117822 5.2637603526741 M-68.78354080792056 6.389253506794202 C-68.91952417668486 5.9796932660836415, -69.05550754544916 5.57013302537308, -69.15723028117822 5.2637603526741 M-69.15723028117822 5.2637603526741 C-69.25429902570534 4.893595159932193, -69.35136777023246 4.523429967190285, -69.45804137536373 4.116637278191821 M-69.15723028117822 5.2637603526741 C-69.26675030561076 4.846113033233994, -69.3762703300433 4.428465713793887, -69.45804137536373 4.116637278191821 M-69.45804137536373 4.116637278191821 C-69.53796434249118 3.7062497337174545, -69.61788730961862 3.2958621892430884, -69.68473799316732 2.9525980581175246 M-69.45804137536373 4.116637278191821 C-69.53812493468862 3.7054251267247174, -69.61820849401353 3.294212975257614, -69.68473799316732 2.9525980581175246 M-69.68473799316732 2.9525980581175246 C-69.71694258351481 2.7028256148981016, -69.74914717386228 2.4530531716786785, -69.83638858956016 1.7764259792921264 M-69.68473799316732 2.9525980581175246 C-69.72189414067694 2.664422315344115, -69.75905028818657 2.3762465725707047, -69.83638858956016 1.7764259792921264 M-69.83638858956016 1.7764259792921264 C-69.85443072894837 1.495405094968029, -69.87247286833657 1.2143842106439315, -69.91236999971272 0.5929541850756229 M-69.83638858956016 1.7764259792921264 C-69.86519633649571 1.3277220675760906, -69.89400408343127 0.8790181558600548, -69.91236999971272 0.5929541850756229 M-69.91236999971272 0.5929541850756229 C-69.91236999971272 0.27970312991049207, -69.91236999971272 -0.03354792525463879, -69.91236999971272 -0.5929541850756139 M-69.91236999971272 0.5929541850756229 C-69.91236999971272 0.22933731407418123, -69.91236999971272 -0.13427955692726046, -69.91236999971272 -0.5929541850756139 M-69.91236999971272 -0.5929541850756139 C-69.88743596654713 -0.9813218780189704, -69.86250193338154 -1.369689570962327, -69.83638858956016 -1.776425979292101 M-69.91236999971272 -0.5929541850756139 C-69.88220308098958 -1.062828294486951, -69.85203616226644 -1.5327024038982877, -69.83638858956016 -1.776425979292101 M-69.83638858956016 -1.776425979292101 C-69.77779110560915 -2.2308964934341717, -69.71919362165814 -2.6853670075762426, -69.68473799316733 -2.9525980581175157 M-69.83638858956016 -1.776425979292101 C-69.79986001806837 -2.0597343664000705, -69.76333144657659 -2.3430427535080396, -69.68473799316733 -2.9525980581175157 M-69.68473799316733 -2.9525980581175157 C-69.6384080618889 -3.1904924633978657, -69.59207813061045 -3.4283868686782153, -69.45804137536373 -4.116637278191813 M-69.68473799316733 -2.9525980581175157 C-69.63430652384518 -3.211552994391918, -69.58387505452303 -3.4705079306663205, -69.45804137536373 -4.116637278191813 M-69.45804137536373 -4.116637278191813 C-69.36156856872967 -4.484529901466395, -69.2650957620956 -4.852422524740978, -69.15723028117823 -5.263760352674091 M-69.45804137536373 -4.116637278191813 C-69.34290657940375 -4.555696154923481, -69.22777178344376 -4.99475503165515, -69.15723028117823 -5.263760352674091 M-69.15723028117823 -5.263760352674091 C-69.04729988248447 -5.594853198509254, -68.9373694837907 -5.925946044344418, -68.78354080792057 -6.389253506794178 M-69.15723028117823 -5.263760352674091 C-69.06531810790473 -5.540585174357762, -68.97340593463124 -5.817409996041433, -68.78354080792057 -6.389253506794178 M-68.78354080792057 -6.389253506794178 C-68.6442780380642 -6.733235240801894, -68.50501526820784 -7.07721697480961, -68.33850852579253 -7.488491847764283 M-68.78354080792057 -6.389253506794178 C-68.63070891203155 -6.766751244443751, -68.47787701614253 -7.144248982093323, -68.33850852579253 -7.488491847764283 M-68.33850852579253 -7.488491847764283 C-68.14064235027466 -7.899365194885071, -67.9427761747568 -8.31023854200586, -67.8239621679005 -8.556958369455446 M-68.33850852579253 -7.488491847764283 C-68.13383090961317 -7.913509297160154, -67.9291532934338 -8.338526746556024, -67.8239621679005 -8.556958369455446 M-67.8239621679005 -8.556958369455446 C-67.60752637654195 -8.94126203351298, -67.39109058518339 -9.325565697570514, -67.2420161155989 -9.590262513744717 M-67.8239621679005 -8.556958369455446 C-67.62387328379062 -8.912236444389116, -67.42378439968073 -9.267514519322784, -67.2420161155989 -9.590262513744717 M-67.2420161155989 -9.590262513744717 C-66.99076377228113 -9.976253583781784, -66.73951142896335 -10.362244653818848, -66.59506171004368 -10.584158212260139 M-67.2420161155989 -9.590262513744717 C-67.04785972019184 -9.888538875382185, -66.85370332478477 -10.186815237019653, -66.59506171004368 -10.584158212260139 M-66.59506171004368 -10.584158212260139 C-66.392812964621 -10.855153105886776, -66.19056421919832 -11.126147999513414, -65.88575742565855 -11.534561334386567 M-66.59506171004368 -10.584158212260139 C-66.35272270802037 -10.908870397434114, -66.11038370599707 -11.233582582608088, -65.88575742565855 -11.534561334386567 M-65.88575742565855 -11.534561334386567 C-65.67123312229052 -11.786553787901333, -65.45670881892246 -12.038546241416102, -65.11701794589334 -12.437566469834355 M-65.88575742565855 -11.534561334386567 C-65.67481934075047 -11.782341211636652, -65.4638812558424 -12.030121088886737, -65.11701794589334 -12.437566469834355 M-65.11701794589334 -12.437566469834355 C-64.88748346009862 -12.674579671549148, -64.65794897430392 -12.911592873263944, -64.29200218616451 -13.28946297680795 M-65.11701794589334 -12.437566469834355 C-64.93329424323962 -12.627276276820844, -64.74957054058588 -12.81698608380733, -64.29200218616451 -13.28946297680795 M-64.29200218616451 -13.28946297680795 C-63.9875047751819 -13.565999468902353, -63.68300736419928 -13.842535960996756, -63.4141003131941 -14.086750229828974 M-64.29200218616451 -13.28946297680795 C-63.95397020168191 -13.596454681278843, -63.615938217199314 -13.903446385749737, -63.4141003131941 -14.086750229828974 M-63.4141003131941 -14.086750229828974 C-63.107530536898786 -14.331231468260116, -62.80096076060348 -14.575712706691258, -62.4869198140875 -14.826152004557194 M-63.4141003131941 -14.086750229828974 C-63.07546731604767 -14.35680103365074, -62.736834318901245 -14.626851837472506, -62.4869198140875 -14.826152004557194 M-62.4869198140875 -14.826152004557194 C-62.25963845959276 -14.984693638601465, -62.032357105098015 -15.143235272645738, -61.51427067239516 -15.504629940499045 M-62.4869198140875 -14.826152004557194 C-62.10374257993554 -15.093439855626476, -61.720565345783584 -15.360727706695759, -61.51427067239516 -15.504629940499045 M-61.51427067239516 -15.504629940499045 C-61.204980915828514 -15.692123208518108, -60.89569115926186 -15.879616476537173, -60.500149712072854 -16.1193960262827 M-61.51427067239516 -15.504629940499045 C-61.13874558000863 -15.73227545833416, -60.76322048762209 -15.959920976169274, -60.500149712072854 -16.1193960262827 M-60.500149712072854 -16.1193960262827 C-60.14908931679393 -16.3025440096348, -59.79802892151502 -16.485691992986897, -59.44872417367483 -16.667924056194753 M-60.500149712072854 -16.1193960262827 C-60.16842754047466 -16.29245527072729, -59.83670536887646 -16.46551451517188, -59.44872417367483 -16.667924056194753 M-59.44872417367483 -16.667924056194753 C-59.18078914902299 -16.78653094359801, -58.91285412437115 -16.905137831001266, -58.36431459026843 -17.147960010901397 M-59.44872417367483 -16.667924056194753 C-59.04077343081056 -16.848511748631942, -58.63282268794629 -17.02909944106913, -58.36431459026843 -17.147960010901397 M-58.36431459026843 -17.147960010901397 C-58.069472077627985 -17.25646478104739, -57.774629564987535 -17.364969551193386, -57.251377033436995 -17.557531319697365 M-58.36431459026843 -17.147960010901397 C-57.999385828563604 -17.282257168573267, -57.634457066858786 -17.416554326245134, -57.251377033436995 -17.557531319697365 M-57.251377033436995 -17.557531319697365 C-56.935634517368854 -17.6512420411001, -56.619892001300705 -17.74495276250284, -56.114484802325904 -17.894954966222038 M-57.251377033436995 -17.557531319697365 C-56.861566951160086 -17.673224905962275, -56.471756868883176 -17.788918492227186, -56.114484802325904 -17.894954966222038 M-56.114484802325904 -17.894954966222038 C-55.81461979631492 -17.96339719704201, -55.51475479030393 -18.03183942786198, -54.95830963097539 -18.158844404334708 M-56.114484802325904 -17.894954966222038 C-55.78363551002989 -17.970469158195204, -55.45278621773387 -18.04598335016837, -54.95830963097539 -18.158844404334708 M-54.95830963097539 -18.158844404334708 C-54.64214576731253 -18.209959325924338, -54.32598190364966 -18.261074247513967, -53.787602491163376 -18.34811525573005 M-54.95830963097539 -18.158844404334708 C-54.64682261332051 -18.20920320973125, -54.33533559566563 -18.25956201512779, -53.787602491163376 -18.34811525573005 M-53.787602491163376 -18.34811525573005 C-53.34503615659819 -18.390809097761665, -52.902469822033005 -18.43350293979328, -52.60717406964319 -18.46198976588122 M-53.787602491163376 -18.34811525573005 C-53.401924936294634 -18.385321105603115, -53.01624738142589 -18.42252695547618, -52.60717406964319 -18.46198976588122 M-52.60717406964319 -18.46198976588122 C-52.199012968170436 -18.475078697968065, -51.79085186669768 -18.488167630054907, -51.42187500000001 -18.5 M-52.60717406964319 -18.46198976588122 C-52.32044252068272 -18.47118468856728, -52.03371097172224 -18.48037961125334, -51.42187500000001 -18.5 M-51.42187500000001 -18.5 C-51.42187500000001 -18.5, -51.421875 -18.5, -51.421875 -18.5 M-51.42187500000001 -18.5 C-51.42187500000001 -18.5, -51.421875 -18.5, -51.421875 -18.5\" stroke=\"#4948b8\" stroke-width=\"1.3\" fill=\"none\" stroke-dasharray=\"0 0\" style=\"\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Cg class=\"label\" style=\"\" transform=\"translate(-57.296875, -10.5)\">\u003Crect\u002F>\u003CforeignObject width=\"114.59375\" height=\"21\">\u003Cdiv xmlns=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.w3.org\u002F1999\u002Fxhtml\" style=\"display: table-cell; white-space: nowrap; line-height: 1.5; max-width: 200px; text-align: center;\">\u003Cspan class=\"nodeLabel\">\u003Cp>Université d'Utah\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003C\u002FforeignObject>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003C\u002Fg>\u003Cdefs>\u003Cfilter id=\"ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969-drop-shadow\" height=\"130%\" width=\"130%\">\u003CfeDropShadow dx=\"4\" dy=\"4\" stdDeviation=\"0\" flood-opacity=\"0.06\" flood-color=\"#000000\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Ffilter>\u003C\u002Fdefs>\u003Cdefs>\u003Cfilter id=\"ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969-drop-shadow-small\" height=\"150%\" width=\"150%\">\u003CfeDropShadow dx=\"2\" dy=\"2\" stdDeviation=\"0\" flood-opacity=\"0.06\" flood-color=\"#000000\"\u002F>\u003C\u002Ffilter>\u003C\u002Fdefs>\u003ClinearGradient id=\"ill-1-nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info-arpanet-1969-gradient\" gradientUnits=\"objectBoundingBox\" x1=\"0%\" y1=\"0%\" x2=\"100%\" y2=\"0%\">\u003Cstop offset=\"0%\" stop-color=\"#4948b8\" stop-opacity=\"1\"\u002F>\u003Cstop offset=\"100%\" stop-color=\"#c4c8cd\" stop-opacity=\"1\"\u002F>\u003C\u002FlinearGradient>\u003C\u002Fsvg>",[599,1726,1727,1728,1731,1732,1350,1735,1738,1739,1742,1743,1746],{},"Le tournant décisif est l'adoption en 1983 du protocole ",[603,1729,1730],{},"TCP\u002FIP",", conçu\nnotamment par ",[603,1733,1734],{},"Vint Cerf",[603,1736,1737],{},"Bob Kahn",". TCP\u002FIP permet à ",[603,1740,1741],{},"n'importe\nquels réseaux hétérogènes"," de communiquer entre eux — il devient le langage\ncommun de tous les réseaux. C'est la ",[603,1744,1745],{},"naissance d'Internet",", l'inter-réseau,\nau sens technique du terme.",[647,1748,1749],{},[599,1750,1751,1753,1754,1757,1758,1761],{},[603,1752,653],{}," : Internet n'est ",[603,1755,1756],{},"pas"," un grand réseau unique. C'est un\n",[603,1759,1760],{},"réseau de réseaux"," qui communiquent par TCP\u002FIP. Personne ne « possède »\nInternet — chaque réseau est exploité par son opérateur, mais tous\ns'entendent sur le protocole commun.",[660,1763,1765,1770],{"correct":662,"slug":1764},"reseaux-et-web-c1",[665,1766,1767],{"v-slot:question":667},[599,1768,1769],{},"Qu'est-ce qui distingue ARPANET d'Internet ?",[665,1771,1772],{"v-slot:choices":667},[674,1773,1774,1777,1780],{},[677,1775,1776],{},"ARPANET est plus rapide",[677,1778,1779],{},"Internet utilise TCP\u002FIP pour faire dialoguer plusieurs réseaux entre eux",[677,1781,1782],{},"Internet est militaire, ARPANET civil",[594,1784,1786],{"id":1785},"le-web-1989-1993-et-son-ouverture-au-grand-public","Le Web (1989-1993) et son ouverture au grand public",[599,1788,1789,1790,1793,1794,1797,1798,1801],{},"Internet, dans les années 1980, sert surtout au mail, au transfert de fichiers\net aux forums Usenet. L'expérience reste austère, réservée aux universitaires.\nLe passage au grand public tient à une ",[603,1791,1792],{},"invention"," : le ",[603,1795,1796],{},"World Wide Web",",\nconçu en 1989 par ",[603,1799,1800],{},"Tim Berners-Lee"," au CERN, à Genève.",[599,1803,1804,1805,1808,1809,1812],{},"Le Web n'est pas Internet. C'est un ",[603,1806,1807],{},"service"," qui circule ",[603,1810,1811],{},"sur"," Internet,\nfondé sur trois inventions liées :",[729,1814,1815,1824],{},[732,1816,1817],{},[735,1818,1819,1822],{},[738,1820,1821],{},"Brique",[738,1823,1193],{},[751,1825,1826,1836,1846],{},[735,1827,1828,1833],{},[756,1829,1830],{},[603,1831,1832],{},"HTML",[756,1834,1835],{},"Langage de description de documents avec liens hypertextes",[735,1837,1838,1843],{},[756,1839,1840],{},[603,1841,1842],{},"HTTP",[756,1844,1845],{},"Protocole pour demander et recevoir une page Web",[735,1847,1848,1853],{},[756,1849,1850],{},[603,1851,1852],{},"URL",[756,1854,1855],{},"Adresse unique d'une ressource sur le réseau",[599,1857,1858,1859,1863,1864,1867],{},"Le premier site Web (",[1860,1861,1862],"code",{},"info.cern.ch",") est mis en ligne en 1991. Le CERN libère\nla technologie ",[603,1865,1866],{},"dans le domaine public"," en 1993 — un choix politique\ncrucial. Aurait-elle été brevetée, le Web n'aurait peut-être jamais explosé.",[909,1869,1872],{"icon":1870,"title":1871},"i-lucide-unlock","Le geste du CERN",[599,1873,1874],{},"En avril 1993, le CERN renonce officiellement à tout droit de propriété\nintellectuelle sur le Web. Cette décision conditionne la croissance\nexponentielle qui suit — n'importe qui peut implémenter un serveur ou un\nnavigateur sans payer de royalties.",[599,1876,1877,1878,1881,1882,1885,1886,1888,1889,923],{},"La même année 1993, le navigateur ",[603,1879,1880],{},"Mosaic"," devient le premier navigateur\ngrand public à populariser l'affichage de ",[603,1883,1884],{},"texte et images mêlés",". Mosaic\ndevient Netscape (1994), puis cède la place à Internet Explorer, Firefox,\nChrome. En vingt ans, le nombre de sites Web passe de ",[603,1887,662],{}," à ",[603,1890,1891],{},"plus d'un\nmilliard",[594,1893,1895],{"id":1894},"lirruption-du-mobile-2007","L'irruption du mobile (2007)",[599,1897,1898,1899,1902,1903,1906,1907,1910],{},"Pendant deux décennies, l'ordinateur reste posé sur un bureau. Le ",[603,1900,1901],{},"téléphone\nportable"," se généralise dans les années 1990 mais ne sert qu'à appeler et\nenvoyer des SMS. La bascule a lieu le ",[603,1904,1905],{},"9 janvier 2007"," : Steve Jobs présente\nl'",[603,1908,1909],{},"iPhone",", premier téléphone à fusionner téléphonie, Internet, lecteur\nmultimédia et écran tactile multipoint.",[630,1912],{"alt":1913,"kind":633,"prompt":1914},"Présentation de l'iPhone en 2007","Steve Jobs sur scène en jean noir et col roulé, tenant un iPhone première génération à bout de bras, fond noir Keynote 2007",[599,1916,1917,1918,1921,1922,1925],{},"Quelques mois plus tard, Google lance ",[603,1919,1920],{},"Android",", système d'exploitation\nmobile open source, distribué gratuitement aux fabricants. En 2015, plus de\n",[603,1923,1924],{},"la moitié de l'humanité"," possède un smartphone — un ordinateur de poche\nplus puissant que les supercalculateurs des années 1990.",[1099,1927,1928],{},[599,1929,1930,1933,1934,1937],{},[603,1931,1932],{},"Conséquence majeure"," : l'informatique devient ",[603,1935,1936],{},"permanente et personnelle",".\nOn ne « va plus » à l'ordinateur — il nous suit. Les usages basculent :\nréseaux sociaux, géolocalisation, paiement, photographie, recommandation\nalgorithmique.",[594,1939,1941],{"id":1940},"lia-générative-2017-2022","L'IA générative (2017-2022)",[599,1943,1944,1945,1948,1949,1952,1953,1956,1957,923],{},"Les techniques d'",[603,1946,1947],{},"intelligence artificielle"," existent depuis les années\n1950 (Dartmouth, 1956), mais elles connaissent un essor spectaculaire au\n21e siècle grâce à trois ingrédients réunis : ",[603,1950,1951],{},"puissance de calcul","\n(GPU, cloud), ",[603,1954,1955],{},"grandes quantités de données"," (Web), et ",[603,1958,1959],{},"algorithmes\nd'apprentissage profond",[599,1961,1962,1963,1966,1967,1970,1971,1974,1975,1978,1979,1982],{},"Le tournant récent est l'invention de l'",[603,1964,1965],{},"architecture Transformer"," en 2017\npar une équipe de Google (",[999,1968,1969],{},"Attention is All You Need","). En 2020, ",[603,1972,1973],{},"OpenAI","\npublie ",[603,1976,1977],{},"GPT-3",", modèle de langage capable de générer des textes\nplausibles sur n'importe quel sujet. En novembre 2022, ",[603,1980,1981],{},"ChatGPT"," rend cette\ntechnologie utilisable par tous : 100 millions d'utilisateurs en deux mois,\nrecord absolu pour un service grand public.",[660,1984,1987,1992],{"correct":1985,"slug":1986},"0","reseaux-et-web-c2",[665,1988,1989],{"v-slot:question":667},[599,1990,1991],{},"Quels sont les trois ingrédients de l'essor de l'IA des années 2010-2020 ?",[665,1993,1994],{"v-slot:choices":667},[674,1995,1996,1999,2002],{},[677,1997,1998],{},"Puissance GPU + données massives + apprentissage profond",[677,2000,2001],{},"Cartes perforées + transistors + cloud",[677,2003,2004],{},"Boulier + machine de Turing + Web",[594,2006,927],{"id":926},[599,2008,2009,2010,2013,2014,2017,2018,2021],{},"L'histoire continue de s'écrire. Quelques questions ouvertes que vous\nrencontrerez tout au long de votre formation : qui contrôle les ",[603,2011,2012],{},"données","\nqui alimentent ces systèmes ? Quelles sont les ",[603,2015,2016],{},"conséquences\nenvironnementales"," (énergie, terres rares) de l'informatique de masse ?\nQue devient le ",[603,2019,2020],{},"droit d'auteur"," quand un modèle peut générer du texte ou\nde l'image à la demande ? Le chapitre PZ (Philosophie du programme NSI 1ère)\nreprend ces questions en détail.",{"title":667,"searchDepth":940,"depth":940,"links":2023},[2024,2025,2026,2027,2028,2029],{"id":596,"depth":940,"text":597},{"id":1710,"depth":940,"text":1711},{"id":1785,"depth":940,"text":1786},{"id":1894,"depth":940,"text":1895},{"id":1940,"depth":940,"text":1941},{"id":926,"depth":940,"text":927},"D'ARPANET à ChatGPT, comment l'ordinateur devient le médium central de la communication, de la culture et du travail.",{},[2033,2035],{"slug":1764,"kind":955,"question":1769,"choices":2034,"correct":662,"multi":957,"explanation":667},[1776,1779,1782],{"slug":1986,"kind":955,"question":1991,"choices":2036,"correct":1985,"multi":957,"explanation":667},[1998,2001,2004],{"title":253,"description":2030},"UHUV9MnBoeU_QEeLwjx_Mqfw7RwFQsv3NeBf8yDzUbY",{"id":2040,"title":235,"bo":949,"body":2041,"description":2116,"eval":949,"extension":950,"labo":949,"meta":2117,"navigation":952,"path":236,"quizzes":2119,"readingTime":960,"seo":2120,"stem":237,"tp":949,"__hash__":2121},"cours\u002F1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002F0.index.md",{"type":591,"value":2042,"toc":2112},[2043,2047,2070,2077,2081,2107],[594,2044,2046],{"id":2045},"au-programme","Au programme",[599,2048,2049,2050,2053,2054,2057,2058,2061,2062,2065,2066,2069],{},"L'informatique ne nait pas en 1945 avec l'ENIAC. Elle hérite d'une longue\ntradition de ",[603,2051,2052],{},"mécanisation du calcul"," entamée bien avant les ordinateurs\nélectroniques : bouliers, pascaline, métier Jacquard, machine analytique de\nBabbage. Au 20e siècle, les travaux théoriques de ",[603,2055,2056],{},"Turing"," et l'architecture\nproposée par ",[603,2059,2060],{},"von Neumann"," transforment ces machines spécialisées en\n",[603,2063,2064],{},"machines universelles"," capables d'exécuter n'importe quel programme. La\nminiaturisation (transistor, circuit intégré, microprocesseur) ouvre l'ère de\nl'",[603,2067,2068],{},"informatique personnelle",", puis la mise en réseau (ARPANET, Internet,\nWeb, mobile, IA) installe l'ordinateur au cœur de la vie sociale.",[599,2071,2072,2073,2076],{},"Ce chapitre vous propose ",[603,2074,2075],{},"quatre cours"," chronologiques pour situer les\ngrandes dates, les principaux protagonistes et les ruptures techniques qui ont\nfait advenir l'informatique moderne. À la fin, vous saurez placer sur une\nfrise les grands jalons et expliquer en quoi chacun a déplacé une frontière.",[594,2078,2080],{"id":2079},"plan","Plan",[674,2082,2083,2089,2095,2101],{},[677,2084,2085,2088],{},[603,2086,2087],{},"Cours 1 — De la préantiquité aux machines à calculer"," : du boulier à\nBabbage, comment l'humanité a mécanisé l'arithmétique.",[677,2090,2091,2094],{},[603,2092,2093],{},"Cours 2 — La machine universelle"," : Turing, von Neumann, ENIAC,\nColossus — la naissance du modèle théorique de l'ordinateur.",[677,2096,2097,2100],{},[603,2098,2099],{},"Cours 3 — Les ordinateurs modernes"," : transistor, circuits intégrés,\nmicro-informatique, l'irruption d'Apple et d'IBM.",[677,2102,2103,2106],{},[603,2104,2105],{},"Cours 4 — Réseaux, Web et IA"," : d'ARPANET à ChatGPT, l'ordinateur\ndevient médium social et culturel.",[599,2108,2109,2110,923],{},"Ce chapitre couvre l'unique item BO ",[612,2111],{"code":589},{"title":667,"searchDepth":940,"depth":940,"links":2113},[2114,2115],{"id":2045,"depth":940,"text":2046},{"id":2079,"depth":940,"text":2080},"Quatre étapes pour comprendre comment, des bouliers de l'Antiquité aux modèles d'IA actuels, l'humanité a appris à mécaniser le calcul puis à mettre le monde en réseau.",{"icon":2118},"i-lucide-history",[],{"title":235,"description":2116},"JFzenet-0OBsfgyZAlSWS68UGi8QR7R5AGGnLl9CvBE",[2123,2361,2592,2849,3112],{"id":2124,"title":2125,"bo":2126,"body":2127,"description":2354,"eval":949,"extension":950,"labo":949,"meta":2355,"navigation":957,"path":2356,"quizzes":2357,"readingTime":960,"seo":2358,"stem":2359,"tp":949,"__hash__":2360},"coursMemo\u002F1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002F1.preantiquite-aux-machines.memo.md","De la préantiquité aux machines à calculer — l'essentiel",[589],{"type":591,"value":2128,"toc":2347},[2129,2133,2140,2144,2194,2198,2250,2254,2279,2283],[594,2130,2132],{"id":2131},"en-une-phrase","En une phrase",[599,2134,2135,2136,2139],{},"Avant l'électronique, l'humanité a passé ",[603,2137,2138],{},"plus de 4000 ans"," à mécaniser le\ncalcul — du boulier mésopotamien à la machine analytique de Babbage.",[594,2141,2143],{"id":2142},"à-mémoriser","À mémoriser",[674,2145,2146,2152,2161,2170,2184,2189],{},[677,2147,2148,2151],{},[603,2149,2150],{},"Boulier \u002F abaque"," (~-2700) : outil, pas machine. Numération positionnelle.",[677,2153,2154,2156,2157,2160],{},[603,2155,758],{}," (1642, Blaise Pascal) : première mécanisation de la ",[603,2158,2159],{},"retenue",".\nAddition, soustraction.",[677,2162,2163,2166,2167,923],{},[603,2164,2165],{},"Calculateur de Leibniz"," (1673) : ajoute multiplication et division.\nLeibniz défend aussi le ",[603,2168,2169],{},"binaire",[677,2171,2172,2175,2176,2179,2180,2183],{},[603,2173,2174],{},"Métier Jacquard"," (1801) : premier exemple de ",[603,2177,2178],{},"machine programmable","\npar ",[603,2181,2182],{},"cartes perforées",". Sépare matériel et programme.",[677,2185,2186,2188],{},[603,2187,891],{}," (1837, jamais finie) : préfigure\nl'ordinateur — moulin (CPU), magasin (mémoire), cartes (entrée), impression\n(sortie).",[677,2190,2191,2193],{},[603,2192,898],{}," (1843) : premier programme de l'histoire ; entrevoit la\ngénéralité symbolique des machines.",[594,2195,2197],{"id":2196},"à-savoir-reconnaître","À savoir reconnaître",[729,2199,2200,2210],{},[732,2201,2202],{},[735,2203,2204,2207],{},[738,2205,2206],{},"Description",[738,2208,2209],{},"Machine \u002F personne",[751,2211,2212,2220,2227,2235,2243],{},[735,2213,2214,2217],{},[756,2215,2216],{},"Roues dentées avec retenue automatique, 1642",[756,2218,2219],{},"Pascaline (Pascal)",[735,2221,2222,2225],{},[756,2223,2224],{},"Tambour à dents inégales, multiplication, 1673",[756,2226,777],{},[735,2228,2229,2232],{},[756,2230,2231],{},"Cartes perforées, tissage, 1801",[756,2233,2234],{},"Jacquard",[735,2236,2237,2240],{},[756,2238,2239],{},"Moulin + magasin + cartes perforées, 1837",[756,2241,2242],{},"Machine analytique (Babbage)",[735,2244,2245,2248],{},[756,2246,2247],{},"Premier programme écrit, nombres de Bernoulli",[756,2249,898],{},[594,2251,2253],{"id":2252},"pièges-courants","Pièges courants",[674,2255,2256,2265,2272],{},[677,2257,2258,2259,2261,2262,2264],{},"Ne pas confondre la ",[603,2260,703],{}," (1642, addition\u002Fsoustraction) avec le\ncalculateur de ",[603,2263,777],{}," (1673, quatre opérations).",[677,2266,2267,2268,2271],{},"Jacquard n'a ",[603,2269,2270],{},"rien à voir avec le calcul"," — son apport est conceptuel\n(programme amovible).",[677,2273,2274,2275,2278],{},"La machine analytique de Babbage n'a ",[603,2276,2277],{},"jamais fonctionné"," intégralement de\nson vivant.",[594,2280,2282],{"id":2281},"dates-clés","Dates clés",[729,2284,2285,2294],{},[732,2286,2287],{},[735,2288,2289,2291],{},[738,2290,743],{},[738,2292,2293],{},"Évènement",[751,2295,2296,2304,2310,2316,2323,2331,2339],{},[735,2297,2298,2301],{},[756,2299,2300],{},"~-2700",[756,2302,2303],{},"Abaque (Mésopotamie)",[735,2305,2306,2308],{},[756,2307,761],{},[756,2309,758],{},[735,2311,2312,2314],{},[756,2313,774],{},[756,2315,2165],{},[735,2317,2318,2321],{},[756,2319,2320],{},"1801",[756,2322,2174],{},[735,2324,2325,2328],{},[756,2326,2327],{},"1837",[756,2329,2330],{},"Machine analytique (concept)",[735,2332,2333,2336],{},[756,2334,2335],{},"1843",[756,2337,2338],{},"Notes d'Ada Lovelace — premier algorithme",[735,2340,2341,2344],{},[756,2342,2343],{},"1890",[756,2345,2346],{},"Machines à cartes de Hollerith (futur IBM)",{"title":667,"searchDepth":940,"depth":940,"links":2348},[2349,2350,2351,2352,2353],{"id":2131,"depth":940,"text":2132},{"id":2142,"depth":940,"text":2143},{"id":2196,"depth":940,"text":2197},{"id":2252,"depth":940,"text":2253},{"id":2281,"depth":940,"text":2282},"Mémo de révision sur les ancêtres mécaniques de l'ordinateur.",{},"\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002Fpreantiquite-aux-machines.memo",[],{"title":2125,"description":2354},"1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002F1.preantiquite-aux-machines.memo","Y59r99XovG-iDew28kqh_nQlRJb2TP2m-rsePjDbLkw",{"id":2362,"title":2363,"bo":2364,"body":2365,"description":2585,"eval":949,"extension":950,"labo":949,"meta":2586,"navigation":957,"path":2587,"quizzes":2588,"readingTime":960,"seo":2589,"stem":2590,"tp":949,"__hash__":2591},"coursMemo\u002F1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002F2.machine-universelle.memo.md","La machine universelle — l'essentiel",[589],{"type":591,"value":2366,"toc":2578},[2367,2369,2380,2382,2436,2438,2486,2488,2506,2508],[594,2368,2132],{"id":2131},[599,2370,2371,2372,1350,2374,2376,2377,2379],{},"Entre 1936 et 1945, ",[603,2373,975],{},[603,2375,979],{}," convergent vers la\n",[603,2378,983],{}," — modèle théorique chez Turing,\nréalisation physique avec ENIAC puis architecture de von Neumann.",[594,2381,2143],{"id":2142},[674,2383,2384,2396,2407,2416,2421,2431],{},[677,2385,2386,2389,2390,2393,2394,923],{},[603,2387,2388],{},"Machine de Turing"," (1936) : modèle ",[603,2391,2392],{},"théorique"," universel. Définit ce\nqu'est un algorithme et le ",[603,2395,1042],{},[677,2397,2398,2400,2401,2403,2404,2406],{},[603,2399,1073],{}," (1939-1945) : Turing y casse le chiffre ",[603,2402,1081],{},"\navec la ",[603,2405,1077],{}," (électromécanique).",[677,2408,2409,2411,2412,2415],{},[603,2410,1089],{}," (1943, Tommy Flowers) : ",[603,2413,2414],{},"premier ordinateur électronique\nprogrammable"," (secret jusqu'aux années 70).",[677,2417,2418,2420],{},[603,2419,1120],{}," (1945) : 30 tonnes, 18 000 tubes, balistique. Pas réellement\nprogrammable — recâblage physique.",[677,2422,2423,2426,2427,2430],{},[603,2424,2425],{},"Architecture de von Neumann"," (1945) : programme ",[603,2428,2429],{},"stocké en mémoire",",\ncomme les données. Cinq composants : mémoire, contrôle, UAL, entrées,\nsorties.",[677,2432,2433,2435],{},[603,2434,1282],{}," (1948) : premier ordinateur à programme stocké\neffectivement opérationnel.",[594,2437,2197],{"id":2196},[729,2439,2440,2449],{},[732,2441,2442],{},[735,2443,2444,2446],{},[738,2445,2206],{},[738,2447,2448],{},"Élément",[751,2450,2451,2458,2465,2472,2479],{},[735,2452,2453,2456],{},[756,2454,2455],{},"Modèle théorique avec ruban et tête de lecture",[756,2457,2388],{},[735,2459,2460,2463],{},[756,2461,2462],{},"Centre cryptanalytique britannique",[756,2464,1073],{},[735,2466,2467,2470],{},[756,2468,2469],{},"Premier ordinateur électronique (secret)",[756,2471,1089],{},[735,2473,2474,2477],{},[756,2475,2476],{},"30 tonnes, 18 000 tubes, Pennsylvanie",[756,2478,1120],{},[735,2480,2481,2484],{},[756,2482,2483],{},"Programme stocké en mémoire avec les données",[756,2485,2425],{},[594,2487,2253],{"id":2252},[674,2489,2490,2496,2503],{},[677,2491,2492,2493,2495],{},"L'ENIAC n'est ",[603,2494,1756],{}," une machine à programme stocké — il est\nélectronique mais pas universel.",[677,2497,2498,2499,2502],{},"La machine de Turing est ",[603,2500,2501],{},"un modèle",", pas un appareil construit.",[677,2504,2505],{},"Colossus précède l'ENIAC mais est resté secret — d'où la confusion\nhistorique persistante.",[594,2507,2282],{"id":2281},[729,2509,2510,2518],{},[732,2511,2512],{},[735,2513,2514,2516],{},[738,2515,743],{},[738,2517,2293],{},[751,2519,2520,2531,2539,2547,2555,2562,2570],{},[735,2521,2522,2525],{},[756,2523,2524],{},"1936",[756,2526,2527,2528,2530],{},"Machine de Turing (article ",[999,2529,1001],{},")",[735,2532,2533,2536],{},[756,2534,2535],{},"1939-45",[756,2537,2538],{},"Bletchley Park, Bombe contre Enigma",[735,2540,2541,2544],{},[756,2542,2543],{},"1943",[756,2545,2546],{},"Colossus (Flowers)",[735,2548,2549,2552],{},[756,2550,2551],{},"1945",[756,2553,2554],{},"ENIAC en service",[735,2556,2557,2559],{},[756,2558,2551],{},[756,2560,2561],{},"Rapport de von Neumann sur EDVAC",[735,2563,2564,2567],{},[756,2565,2566],{},"1948",[756,2568,2569],{},"Manchester Baby (premier programme stocké)",[735,2571,2572,2575],{},[756,2573,2574],{},"1949",[756,2576,2577],{},"EDSAC à Cambridge",{"title":667,"searchDepth":940,"depth":940,"links":2579},[2580,2581,2582,2583,2584],{"id":2131,"depth":940,"text":2132},{"id":2142,"depth":940,"text":2143},{"id":2196,"depth":940,"text":2197},{"id":2252,"depth":940,"text":2253},{"id":2281,"depth":940,"text":2282},"Mémo de révision sur Turing, von Neumann et les premières machines électroniques.",{},"\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002Fmachine-universelle.memo",[],{"title":2363,"description":2585},"1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002F2.machine-universelle.memo","WyLoPU4SiQ30PEKrB6qmTK5AOTSl57viU-8vm0V8SEM",{"id":2593,"title":2594,"bo":2595,"body":2596,"description":2842,"eval":949,"extension":950,"labo":949,"meta":2843,"navigation":957,"path":2844,"quizzes":2845,"readingTime":960,"seo":2846,"stem":2847,"tp":949,"__hash__":2848},"coursMemo\u002F1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002F3.ordinateurs-modernes.memo.md","Les ordinateurs modernes — l'essentiel",[589],{"type":591,"value":2597,"toc":2835},[2598,2600,2610,2612,2666,2668,2726,2728,2751,2753],[594,2599,2132],{"id":2131},[599,2601,2602,2605,2606,2609],{},[603,2603,2604],{},"Trois ruptures matérielles"," (transistor, circuit intégré, microprocesseur)\nminiaturisent l'ordinateur des années 50 à 70, et ",[603,2607,2608],{},"trois entreprises","\n(Apple, IBM, Microsoft) structurent le marché de l'informatique personnelle\ndans les années 80.",[594,2611,2143],{"id":2142},[674,2613,2614,2620,2626,2635,2641,2647,2652,2660],{},[677,2615,2616,2619],{},[603,2617,2618],{},"Transistor"," (1947, Bell Labs, Bardeen \u002F Brattain \u002F Shockley) :\nremplace les tubes à vide. Prix Nobel 1956.",[677,2621,2622,2625],{},[603,2623,2624],{},"Circuit intégré"," (1958, Kilby et Noyce) : plusieurs transistors sur\nune même puce de silicium.",[677,2627,2628,2631,2632,923],{},[603,2629,2630],{},"Loi de Moore"," (1965, Gordon Moore) : nombre de transistors par puce\nqui ",[603,2633,2634],{},"double tous les deux ans environ",[677,2636,2637,2640],{},[603,2638,2639],{},"Microprocesseur"," (1971, Intel 4004, Federico Faggin) : processeur\ncomplet sur une seule puce.",[677,2642,2643,2646],{},[603,2644,2645],{},"Apple I\u002FII"," (1976-1977, Wozniak & Jobs) : premier succès grand\npublic de l'ordinateur personnel.",[677,2648,2649,2651],{},[603,2650,1565],{}," (1981) : standardise le PC. Microsoft fournit MS-DOS.",[677,2653,2654,2656,2657,2659],{},[603,2655,1637],{}," (1984) : popularise l'",[603,2658,1610],{}," (souris,\nfenêtres, icônes) inspirée de Xerox PARC.",[677,2661,2662,2665],{},[603,2663,2664],{},"GNU \u002F Linux"," (1983 \u002F 1991, Stallman \u002F Torvalds) : naissance du\nlogiciel libre et d'un noyau qui équipe aujourd'hui serveurs, Android,\nsupercalculateurs.",[594,2667,2197],{"id":2196},[729,2669,2670,2678],{},[732,2671,2672],{},[735,2673,2674,2676],{},[738,2675,2206],{},[738,2677,2448],{},[751,2679,2680,2687,2694,2702,2710,2718],{},[735,2681,2682,2685],{},[756,2683,2684],{},"Composant qui remplace le tube à vide, 1947",[756,2686,2618],{},[735,2688,2689,2692],{},[756,2690,2691],{},"Plusieurs transistors sur une même puce, 1958",[756,2693,2624],{},[735,2695,2696,2699],{},[756,2697,2698],{},"Premier processeur sur une seule puce, 1971",[756,2700,2701],{},"Microprocesseur (Intel 4004)",[735,2703,2704,2707],{},[756,2705,2706],{},"Premier succès commercial d'ordinateur personnel",[756,2708,2709],{},"Apple II (1977)",[735,2711,2712,2715],{},[756,2713,2714],{},"Standardise le PC mais perd le contrôle de l'OS",[756,2716,2717],{},"IBM PC (1981)",[735,2719,2720,2723],{},[756,2721,2722],{},"Popularise l'interface graphique grand public",[756,2724,2725],{},"Macintosh (1984)",[594,2727,2253],{"id":2252},[674,2729,2730,2737,2744],{},[677,2731,2732,2733,2736],{},"Apple et IBM ",[603,2734,2735],{},"visent des marchés distincts en 1981"," : IBM le\nprofessionnel, Apple le grand public — ils ne se rejoindront frontalement\nqu'à la fin des années 80.",[677,2738,2739,2740,2743],{},"La loi de Moore est une ",[603,2741,2742],{},"prédiction empirique",", pas une loi physique.",[677,2745,2746,2747,2750],{},"Linux n'est pas un système d'exploitation complet : c'est un ",[603,2748,2749],{},"noyau","\n(kernel) — il s'utilise typiquement avec les outils GNU.",[594,2752,2282],{"id":2281},[729,2754,2755,2763],{},[732,2756,2757],{},[735,2758,2759,2761],{},[738,2760,743],{},[738,2762,2293],{},[751,2764,2765,2773,2781,2789,2797,2804,2812,2820,2827],{},[735,2766,2767,2770],{},[756,2768,2769],{},"1947",[756,2771,2772],{},"Transistor (Bell Labs)",[735,2774,2775,2778],{},[756,2776,2777],{},"1958",[756,2779,2780],{},"Circuit intégré (Kilby, Noyce)",[735,2782,2783,2786],{},[756,2784,2785],{},"1965",[756,2787,2788],{},"Énoncé de la loi de Moore",[735,2790,2791,2794],{},[756,2792,2793],{},"1971",[756,2795,2796],{},"Intel 4004, premier microprocesseur",[735,2798,2799,2802],{},[756,2800,2801],{},"1977",[756,2803,1551],{},[735,2805,2806,2809],{},[756,2807,2808],{},"1981",[756,2810,2811],{},"IBM PC + MS-DOS",[735,2813,2814,2817],{},[756,2815,2816],{},"1983",[756,2818,2819],{},"Projet GNU (Stallman)",[735,2821,2822,2825],{},[756,2823,2824],{},"1984",[756,2826,1606],{},[735,2828,2829,2832],{},[756,2830,2831],{},"1991",[756,2833,2834],{},"Linux 0.01 (Torvalds)",{"title":667,"searchDepth":940,"depth":940,"links":2836},[2837,2838,2839,2840,2841],{"id":2131,"depth":940,"text":2132},{"id":2142,"depth":940,"text":2143},{"id":2196,"depth":940,"text":2197},{"id":2252,"depth":940,"text":2253},{"id":2281,"depth":940,"text":2282},"Mémo de révision sur le transistor, le microprocesseur et l'informatique personnelle.",{},"\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002Fordinateurs-modernes.memo",[],{"title":2594,"description":2842},"1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002F3.ordinateurs-modernes.memo","_OvUJiE7ZNnns2g1MZ1PYJ72BUHg1P-r4Fy4-qBKqA4",{"id":2850,"title":2851,"bo":2852,"body":2853,"description":3105,"eval":949,"extension":950,"labo":949,"meta":3106,"navigation":957,"path":3107,"quizzes":3108,"readingTime":960,"seo":3109,"stem":3110,"tp":949,"__hash__":3111},"coursMemo\u002F1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002F4.reseaux-et-web.memo.md","Réseaux, Web et IA — l'essentiel",[589],{"type":591,"value":2854,"toc":3098},[2855,2857,2870,2872,2924,2926,2980,2982,3009,3011],[594,2856,2132],{"id":2131},[599,2858,2859,2860,2862,2863,2865,2866,2869],{},"D'",[603,2861,1717],{}," (1969) à ",[603,2864,1981],{}," (2022), l'ordinateur devient le ",[603,2867,2868],{},"médium\ncentral"," de la communication, du travail et de la culture — d'abord en\nréseau, puis sur le Web, puis dans la poche, puis « augmenté » par l'IA.",[594,2871,2143],{"id":2142},[674,2873,2874,2879,2887,2900,2905,2913,2919],{},[677,2875,2876,2878],{},[603,2877,1717],{}," (1969) : premier réseau d'ordinateurs distants, projet\nmilitaro-universitaire américain.",[677,2880,2881,2883,2884,2886],{},[603,2882,1730],{}," (1983, Cerf & Kahn) : protocole commun à tous les réseaux —\n",[603,2885,1745],{}," comme inter-réseau.",[677,2888,2889,2892,2893,2896,2897,923],{},[603,2890,2891],{},"Web"," (1989, Tim Berners-Lee, CERN) : trio ",[603,2894,2895],{},"HTML + HTTP + URL",".\nLibéré dans le domaine public en ",[603,2898,2899],{},"1993",[677,2901,2902,2904],{},[603,2903,1880],{}," (1993) : premier navigateur graphique grand public.",[677,2906,2907,2909,2910,2912],{},[603,2908,1909],{}," (2007, Apple) : convergence mobile, ",[603,2911,1920],{}," suit en 2008.",[677,2914,2915,2918],{},[603,2916,2917],{},"Transformer"," (2017, Google) : architecture des grands modèles de\nlangage.",[677,2920,2921,2923],{},[603,2922,1981],{}," (nov. 2022, OpenAI) : 100 millions d'utilisateurs en 2 mois.",[594,2925,2197],{"id":2196},[729,2927,2928,2936],{},[732,2929,2930],{},[735,2931,2932,2934],{},[738,2933,2206],{},[738,2935,2448],{},[751,2937,2938,2945,2952,2959,2966,2973],{},[735,2939,2940,2943],{},[756,2941,2942],{},"Premier réseau d'ordinateurs distants, 1969",[756,2944,1717],{},[735,2946,2947,2950],{},[756,2948,2949],{},"Protocole commun aux réseaux hétérogènes",[756,2951,1730],{},[735,2953,2954,2957],{},[756,2955,2956],{},"HTML + HTTP + URL, CERN, 1989",[756,2958,1796],{},[735,2960,2961,2964],{},[756,2962,2963],{},"Premier navigateur grand public, 1993",[756,2965,1880],{},[735,2967,2968,2971],{},[756,2969,2970],{},"Smartphone qui révolutionne 2007",[756,2972,1909],{},[735,2974,2975,2978],{},[756,2976,2977],{},"Architecture des LLM, 2017",[756,2979,2917],{},[594,2981,2253],{"id":2252},[674,2983,2984,2993,2996,3002],{},[677,2985,2986,2989,2990,2992],{},[603,2987,2988],{},"Internet ≠ Web"," : Internet est l'infrastructure (réseau de réseaux) ;\nle Web est un ",[603,2991,1807],{}," parmi d'autres (mail, FTP, etc.) qui circule\ndessus.",[677,2994,2995],{},"ARPANET n'est pas Internet : il devient Internet quand TCP\u002FIP est adopté\net que plusieurs réseaux s'interconnectent.",[677,2997,2998,2999,3001],{},"Tim Berners-Lee a inventé le ",[603,3000,2891],{},", pas Internet.",[677,3003,3004,3005,3008],{},"L'IA n'est pas née avec ChatGPT — elle existe depuis 1956. C'est l'",[603,3006,3007],{},"accès\ngrand public"," qui change en 2022.",[594,3010,2282],{"id":2281},[729,3012,3013,3021],{},[732,3014,3015],{},[735,3016,3017,3019],{},[738,3018,743],{},[738,3020,2293],{},[751,3022,3023,3031,3038,3046,3053,3060,3067,3074,3082,3090],{},[735,3024,3025,3028],{},[756,3026,3027],{},"1969",[756,3029,3030],{},"Premier message ARPANET",[735,3032,3033,3035],{},[756,3034,2816],{},[756,3036,3037],{},"Adoption de TCP\u002FIP — naissance d'Internet",[735,3039,3040,3043],{},[756,3041,3042],{},"1989",[756,3044,3045],{},"Berners-Lee propose le Web au CERN",[735,3047,3048,3050],{},[756,3049,2831],{},[756,3051,3052],{},"Premier site Web",[735,3054,3055,3057],{},[756,3056,2899],{},[756,3058,3059],{},"Web libéré dans le domaine public, navigateur Mosaic",[735,3061,3062,3065],{},[756,3063,3064],{},"2007",[756,3066,1909],{},[735,3068,3069,3072],{},[756,3070,3071],{},"2008",[756,3073,1920],{},[735,3075,3076,3079],{},[756,3077,3078],{},"2017",[756,3080,3081],{},"Architecture Transformer (Google)",[735,3083,3084,3087],{},[756,3085,3086],{},"2020",[756,3088,3089],{},"GPT-3 (OpenAI)",[735,3091,3092,3095],{},[756,3093,3094],{},"2022",[756,3096,3097],{},"ChatGPT — 100 M utilisateurs en 2 mois",{"title":667,"searchDepth":940,"depth":940,"links":3099},[3100,3101,3102,3103,3104],{"id":2131,"depth":940,"text":2132},{"id":2142,"depth":940,"text":2143},{"id":2196,"depth":940,"text":2197},{"id":2252,"depth":940,"text":2253},{"id":2281,"depth":940,"text":2282},"Mémo de révision sur ARPANET, le Web, le mobile et l'IA générative.",{},"\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002Freseaux-et-web.memo",[],{"title":2851,"description":3105},"1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002F4.reseaux-et-web.memo","3QSZP_egTFLcwNuZJe3rSS0sytMEEK1qFzXxRRJKCbs",{"id":3113,"title":3114,"bo":3115,"body":3116,"description":3445,"eval":949,"extension":950,"labo":949,"meta":3446,"navigation":957,"path":3448,"quizzes":3449,"readingTime":960,"seo":3474,"stem":3475,"tp":949,"__hash__":3476},"coursMemo\u002F1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002Fchapitre.memo.md","Histoire de l'informatique — synthèse",[589],{"type":591,"value":3117,"toc":3440},[3118,3122,3129,3140,3155,3165,3175,3183,3187,3263,3267,3290,3321,3345,3359,3370,3396,3408],[594,3119,3121],{"id":3120},"vue-densemble","Vue d'ensemble",[599,3123,3124,3125,3128],{},"L'histoire de l'informatique est une histoire de ",[603,3126,3127],{},"transferts"," — de tâches\nintellectuelles vers des objets matériels, puis de machines fixes vers des\nmachines portables, enfin de machines isolées vers des machines en réseau.",[599,3130,3131,3132,3135,3136,3139],{},"Ce chapitre vous a fait parcourir ",[603,3133,3134],{},"quatre paliers"," qui ne sont pas\nindépendants. Le premier (boulier, pascaline, Jacquard, Babbage) fixe les\nidées : représenter des nombres, mécaniser la retenue, séparer le programme\nde la machine, distinguer mémoire et calcul. Sans ces idées, rien de ce qui\nsuit n'a de sens. Mais ces idées attendent une technologie pour s'incarner —\nce sera l'",[603,3137,3138],{},"électronique",", dans les années 1940.",[599,3141,3142,3143,3146,3147,3150,3151,3154],{},"Le second palier (Turing, Bletchley Park, ENIAC, von Neumann) unit la théorie\net l'ingénierie. Turing donne le ",[603,3144,3145],{},"modèle universel"," ; les ingénieurs de\nguerre prouvent qu'on peut faire calculer des tubes à vide ; von Neumann\nformalise l'",[603,3148,3149],{},"architecture à programme stocké"," qui structure tous les\nordinateurs depuis. À la fin des années 1940, l'ordinateur ",[603,3152,3153],{},"existe",", mais\nil pèse trente tonnes.",[599,3156,3157,3158,3160,3161,3164],{},"Le troisième palier (transistor, circuit intégré, microprocesseur, Apple,\nIBM, Macintosh) résout le problème de taille. La ",[603,3159,1412],{}," porte une\nminiaturisation continue qui permet, en trente ans, de passer de la salle\nclimatisée à la mallette. L'ordinateur devient un objet ",[603,3162,3163],{},"personnel",", et\nles premiers monopoles industriels du logiciel se mettent en place.",[599,3166,3167,3168,3171,3172,3174],{},"Le quatrième palier (ARPANET, Internet, Web, iPhone, IA) connecte ces\nmachines entre elles. Internet sépare l'",[603,3169,3170],{},"infrastructure"," (TCP\u002FIP) du\n",[603,3173,1807],{}," (Web, mail, etc.) — un choix d'architecture qui rend la\nplateforme indéfiniment extensible. Le mobile met cette infrastructure dans\ntoutes les poches. L'IA générative récente exploite la quantité de données\nproduite par cet usage massif pour fabriquer un nouveau type d'interface\nhomme-machine, dont les conséquences sont encore en cours d'évaluation.",[599,3176,3177,3180,3181,923],{},[603,3178,3179],{},"Compétence attendue"," : situer sur une frise chronologique les principaux\névènements et les associer à leurs protagonistes — c'est l'unique capacité\nformulée par l'item ",[612,3182],{"code":589},[594,3184,3186],{"id":3185},"carte-des-notions","Carte des notions",[729,3188,3189,3205],{},[732,3190,3191],{},[735,3192,3193,3196,3199,3202],{},[738,3194,3195],{},"Cours",[738,3197,3198],{},"Période",[738,3200,3201],{},"Idée centrale",[738,3203,3204],{},"Personnages",[751,3206,3207,3221,3235,3249],{},[735,3208,3209,3212,3215,3218],{},[756,3210,3211],{},"1. Préantiquité aux machines",[756,3213,3214],{},"-2700 → 1843",[756,3216,3217],{},"Mécaniser le calcul, séparer programme et matériel",[756,3219,3220],{},"Pascal, Leibniz, Jacquard, Babbage, Lovelace",[735,3222,3223,3226,3229,3232],{},[756,3224,3225],{},"2. Machine universelle",[756,3227,3228],{},"1936 → 1948",[756,3230,3231],{},"Programme stocké en mémoire, modèle de calcul universel",[756,3233,3234],{},"Turing, Flowers, von Neumann",[735,3236,3237,3240,3243,3246],{},[756,3238,3239],{},"3. Ordinateurs modernes",[756,3241,3242],{},"1947 → 1991",[756,3244,3245],{},"Miniaturisation, informatique personnelle",[756,3247,3248],{},"Bardeen-Brattain-Shockley, Faggin, Jobs, Wozniak, Gates, Stallman, Torvalds",[735,3250,3251,3254,3257,3260],{},[756,3252,3253],{},"4. Réseaux, Web, IA",[756,3255,3256],{},"1969 → aujourd'hui",[756,3258,3259],{},"Mise en réseau, mobile, IA générative",[756,3261,3262],{},"Cerf, Kahn, Berners-Lee, Jobs (iPhone), équipe Transformer",[594,3264,3266],{"id":3265},"auto-évaluation","Auto-évaluation",[660,3268,3270,3278],{"correct":662,"slug":3269},"pa-histoire-info-1-q1",[665,3271,3272],{"v-slot:question":667},[599,3273,3274,3275,3277],{},"Qui est l'inventeur de la ",[603,3276,703],{}," en 1642 ?",[665,3279,3280],{"v-slot:choices":667},[674,3281,3282,3284,3286,3288],{},[677,3283,718],{},[677,3285,699],{},[677,3287,867],{},[677,3289,804],{},[660,3291,3294,3305],{"correct":3292,"slug":3293},"2","pa-histoire-info-1-q2",[665,3295,3296],{"v-slot:question":667},[599,3297,3298,3299,3301,3302,3304],{},"Quelle invention de 1801 introduit la séparation entre la ",[603,3300,819],{}," et le\n",[603,3303,823],{}," grâce à des cartes perforées ?",[665,3306,3307],{"v-slot:choices":667},[674,3308,3309,3312,3315,3318],{},[677,3310,3311],{},"La pascaline",[677,3313,3314],{},"La machine analytique de Babbage",[677,3316,3317],{},"Le métier Jacquard",[677,3319,3320],{},"L'ENIAC",[660,3322,3324,3329],{"correct":662,"slug":3323},"pa-histoire-info-1-q3",[665,3325,3326],{"v-slot:question":667},[599,3327,3328],{},"Quel est le rôle conceptuel d'Alan Turing dans l'histoire de l'informatique ?",[665,3330,3331],{"v-slot:choices":667},[674,3332,3333,3336,3339,3342],{},[677,3334,3335],{},"Il construit le premier ordinateur électronique",[677,3337,3338],{},"Il propose en 1936 un modèle théorique universel du calcul",[677,3340,3341],{},"Il invente le transistor",[677,3343,3344],{},"Il fonde Microsoft",[3346,3347,3350],"self-eval-free-text",{"answer":2060,"case-sensitive":3348,"slug":3349},"false","pa-histoire-info-1-q4",[665,3351,3352],{"v-slot:question":667},[599,3353,3354,3355,3358],{},"Qui a formalisé en 1945 l'architecture à ",[603,3356,3357],{},"programme stocké en mémoire"," ?\n(Nom de famille uniquement.)",[3346,3360,3362],{"answer":2769,"case-sensitive":3348,"slug":3361},"pa-histoire-info-1-q5",[665,3363,3364],{"v-slot:question":667},[599,3365,3366,3367,3369],{},"En quelle année le ",[603,3368,1290],{}," est-il inventé aux Bell Labs ? (Année à\nquatre chiffres.)",[660,3371,3373,3381],{"correct":662,"slug":3372},"pa-histoire-info-1-q6",[665,3374,3375],{"v-slot:question":667},[599,3376,3377,3378,3380],{},"Que prédit la ",[603,3379,1412],{}," énoncée en 1965 ?",[665,3382,3383],{"v-slot:choices":667},[674,3384,3385,3388,3390,3393],{},[677,3386,3387],{},"La vitesse d'un processeur double chaque année",[677,3389,1480],{},[677,3391,3392],{},"Le prix d'un ordinateur diminue de moitié tous les cinq ans",[677,3394,3395],{},"La taille d'un ordinateur double tous les dix ans",[3346,3397,3400],{"answer":3398,"case-sensitive":3348,"slug":3399},"Berners-Lee","pa-histoire-info-1-q7",[665,3401,3402],{"v-slot:question":667},[599,3403,3404,3405,3407],{},"Qui a inventé le ",[603,3406,1796],{}," en 1989 au CERN ? (Nom de famille\nsuffit.)",[3409,3410,3412,3421],"self-eval-ordering",{"slug":3411},"pa-histoire-info-1-q8",[665,3413,3414],{"v-slot:question":667},[599,3415,3416,3417,3420],{},"Replacez les évènements suivants dans l'ordre ",[603,3418,3419],{},"chronologique",", du plus\nancien au plus récent.",[665,3422,3423],{"v-slot:items":667},[674,3424,3425,3427,3429,3432,3435,3437],{},[677,3426,2219],{},[677,3428,2242],{},[677,3430,3431],{},"ENIAC mis en service",[677,3433,3434],{},"Transistor des Bell Labs",[677,3436,3030],{},[677,3438,3439],{},"Lancement de l'iPhone",{"title":667,"searchDepth":940,"depth":940,"links":3441},[3442,3443,3444],{"id":3120,"depth":940,"text":3121},{"id":3185,"depth":940,"text":3186},{"id":3265,"depth":940,"text":3266},"Vue d'ensemble du chapitre PA, frise des grandes dates, auto-évaluation finale.",{"self_eval_slug":3447},"nsi-1ere-pa-histoire-info","\u002Fnsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002Fchapitre.memo",[3450,3453,3456,3458,3463,3465,3468,3470],{"slug":3269,"kind":955,"question":3451,"choices":3452,"correct":662,"multi":957,"explanation":667},"Qui est l'inventeur de la pascaline en 1642 ?",[718,699,867,804],{"slug":3293,"kind":955,"question":3454,"choices":3455,"correct":3292,"multi":957,"explanation":667},"Quelle invention de 1801 introduit la séparation entre la machine et le\nprogramme grâce à des cartes perforées ?",[3311,3314,3317,3320],{"slug":3323,"kind":955,"question":3328,"choices":3457,"correct":662,"multi":957,"explanation":667},[3335,3338,3341,3344],{"slug":3349,"kind":3459,"question":3460,"answer":2060,"caseSensitive":957,"tolerance":3461,"inputType":3462,"explanation":667},"free_text","Qui a formalisé en 1945 l'architecture à programme stocké en mémoire ?\n(Nom de famille uniquement.)",0,"string",{"slug":3361,"kind":3459,"question":3464,"answer":2769,"caseSensitive":957,"tolerance":3461,"inputType":3462,"explanation":667},"En quelle année le transistor est-il inventé aux Bell Labs ? (Année à\nquatre chiffres.)",{"slug":3372,"kind":955,"question":3466,"choices":3467,"correct":662,"multi":957,"explanation":667},"Que prédit la loi de Moore énoncée en 1965 ?",[3387,1480,3392,3395],{"slug":3399,"kind":3459,"question":3469,"answer":3398,"caseSensitive":957,"tolerance":3461,"inputType":3462,"explanation":667},"Qui a inventé le World Wide Web en 1989 au CERN ? (Nom de famille\nsuffit.)",{"slug":3411,"kind":3471,"question":3472,"items":3473,"explanation":667},"ordering","Replacez les évènements suivants dans l'ordre chronologique, du plus\nancien au plus récent.",[2219,2242,3431,3434,3030,3439],{"title":3114,"description":3445},"1.nsi-1ere\u002Fpa-histoire-info\u002Fchapitre.memo","-4IftpgwYJzWAsLDQtc0SaKyy2VTPDYC4vGpU_CtGZk",1788035578217]